Tasirin canjin yanayi a wani babban mizani na iya zama wani lokacin wanda ba za a iya faɗi ba, tunda ba mu san milimita duk alaƙar da alaƙar da ke tsakanin halittu masu rai a duniya ba. Abin da aka tabbatar a cikin binciken da Jami'ar Córdoba (UCO) tare da haɗin gwiwar Jami'ar Wageningen, a cikin Netherlands, shine cewa za a rage dajin Rum da kadan kadan kadan har sai ya zama kusan gogewa a cikin kimanin shekaru 100 saboda tasirin sauyin yanayi.
UCO ta bayar da rahoto a cikin wata sanarwa cewa canjin yanayi babban lamari ne a taron kasa da kasa da kuma al'amuran da suka shafi wani bangare na kokarin masana kimiyya masu nazarin abin da ke cikin hadari da abin da ke jiran duniya.
Canjin yanayi a tekun Bahar Rum
Oƙarin dakatar da canjin yanayi ba shi da ƙarfi don hana yanayin duniya ɗumamar ɗimi zuwa digiri biyu zuwa uku a ma'aunin Celsius a cikin shekaru ɗari, wanda ke haifar da ƙarancin ruwa.
Wannan tambayar mai tayar da hankali ta sanya kungiyar bincike ta UCO yin nazarin yadda tsirrai ke daukar yanayin zafin. Nazarin ya bincika yadda tsire-tsire ke amsawa ga fari da yadda jinsunan da ke hade da fure da fauna ke murmurewa daga lalacewa.
Itacen bishiyar bishiya na ɗaya daga cikin nau'in da canjin yanayi zai fi shafa. Researchungiyar bincike ta UCO ta mai da hankali kan gandun dajin Bahar Rum, tunda a can ne akwai mafi yawan halittu masu yawa a Spain. Binciken ya tabbatar da cewa dajin na Bahar Rum zai wahala matuka sakamakon canjin yanayi fiye da gogewar da ke wanzu a cikin wadannan halittu. A cikin shekaru ɗari wannan nau'in shimfidar wuri zai canza kuma zai zama galibi mai gogewa, tun da yake nau'ikan yankin na yau kamar bishiyar strawberry ko itacen oak na ɓuya a hankali za su shuɗe.
Dajin Bahar Rum wanda sauyin yanayi ya fi shafa
An buga binciken a cikin mujallar «Tsarin Halitta«. Binciken ya yi bayani dalla-dalla kan cewa nau'ikan shuka na irin wannan sun ci gaba tare da karuwar yanayin zafi da rashin ruwa, suna daidaita lokacin da suke kashewa a kan hoto. A lokacin daukar hoto, ganyayyaki suna bude stomata don musanya CO2 daga muhalli kuma suna samar da iskar oxygen. Koyaya, buɗewar stomata yana haifar da gumi na ruwa kuma, sabili da haka, asararsa. Temperaturearin yawan zafin jiki a cikin yanayin, an rasa karin ruwa yayin daukar hoto.
Muna magana ne game da tsari da kuma ƙayyade mahimmin tsari ga shuke-shuke, wanda yawanci yake raguwa a lokacin rani da kuma lokacin fari don adana ruwa. A lokacin bazara, buɗewar tsire a waje yana da yawa kuma ƙimar hotynthesis tana da girma sosai yayin da lokacin rani ƙimar ta faɗi kuma a lokacin kaka, tare da ruwan sama, shukar tana warkewa kuma ta girma. Ta wannan hanyar, a lokacin fari, tsire-tsire suna rage wannan buɗewar zuwa waje kimanin awanni biyu a rana kuma suna yin abin farko da safe.
Binciken ya kuma mayar da hankali kan wasu tsubburan da suka shafi yanayin zafi da fari. Misali, rockrose, suna shan wahala sosai yayin lokutan fari, harma sun rasa ganyayensu, kodayake, tare da ruwan sama na farko na kaka, sune farkon wadanda suka warke. Fa'idar da gogewa yake dashi akan bishiyoyi shine cewa sunada daidaituwa fiye da halayensu kuma zasu iya rayuwa mafi kyau a cikin yanayin da abubuwan muhalli basu da kyau. Rockrose shima yana da babban ikon mallaka bayan gobara ko fari, sabili da haka, idan bishiyoyi suna raguwa bayan tasirin canjin yanayi, shine dutsen da zai yi mulkin mallaka kuma ya mayar da dajin Bahar Rum ya zama daji.
Cork bishiyoyi sun fi rauni
Itacen bishiyar Cork ba shi da karbuwa da rokoki ke da shi ga bambancin yanayin zafi, fari da makamantansu, don haka murmurewarsu bayan aukuwar waɗannan abubuwa suna da jinkiri sosai. Idan zuwa wannan mun kara cewa don samar da iri tsakanin shekaru 20 zuwa 30 ana bukatar su, wadannan kawai zasu ci gaba 'yan watanni, wanda - a kari - ya zama abinci ga dabbobi da yawa don haka suka bace da sauri, itacen bishiyar bishiya ya zama nau'in halittu masu rauni don kiyaye shi na ƙarni mai zuwa.
A ƙarshe, binciken ya tabbatar da cewa gandun da ke Bahar Rum zai sha wahala sosai sakamakon sakamakon canjin yanayi fiye da yankin da ke daji kuma saboda haka, dazuzzuka da sannu-sannu za su ja da baya don ba da dama ga jinsin goge.