Enye yezinto ezimangaza kakhulu abantu ukusitheka kwelanga. Kodwa-ke, abantu abaningi abazi yini ukusitheka kwenyanga. Ukusitheka kwenyanga kuyinto yezinkanyezi. Lapho umhlaba udlula ngqo phakathi kwenyanga nelanga, isithunzi somhlaba esibangelwe yilanga sikhonjiselwa enyangeni. Ukwenza lokhu, lezi zindikimba ezintathu zasezulwini kumele zibe ku- "Syzygy" noma ziseduze. Lokhu kusho ukuthi akha umugqa oqondile. Uhlobo nobude bokusitheka kwenyanga kuncike esimweni senyanga maqondana nendawo eyizungezile, okuyiphuzu lapho umzila wenyanga unqamula indiza yomjikelezo welanga.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela ukuthi iyini ukusitheka kwenyanga, ziyini izici zayo nokuthi imvelaphi yayo.
Kuyini ukusitheka kwenyanga
Ukwazi izinhlobo zokusitheka kwenyanga, kufanele siqale siqonde izithunzi ezikhiqizwa umhlaba ngaphansi kwelanga. Lapho inkanyezi yethu inkulu khona, izokhiqiza izinhlobo ezimbili zezithunzi: eyodwa iyisigaxa esimnyama esimnyama esibizwa ngokuthi i-umbra, okuyingxenye lapho ukukhanya kuvinjwe ngokuphelele, kanti i-penumbra yingxenye lapho kuphela ukukhanya kukhanya kuvinjelwe khona. . Kukhona ukusithwa kwenyanga okuyi-2 kuya kwemihlanu unyaka nonyaka.
Izindikimba ezifanayo ezintathu zasezulwini ziyangenela ekusithekeni kwelanga, kepha umehluko phakathi kwazo usezingeni lomzimba ngamunye wasezulwini. Ekusithekeni kwenyanga, umhlaba utholakala phakathi kwenyanga nelanga, ubeka isithunzi enyangeni, ngenkathi kusitheka kwelanga, inyanga itholakala phakathi kwelanga nomhlaba, iphonsa ithunzi layo engxenyeni encane yokugcina .
Umuntu angabuka ukusitheka kwenyanga kunoma iyiphi indawo emhlabeni, futhi iziphuphutheki zingabonakala emkhathizwe nasebusuku, kanti ngesikhathi sokufiphala kwelanga, zingabonakala kafushane ezingxenyeni ezithile zomhlaba.
Omunye umehluko ngokusitheka kwelanga ukuthi ukuphela kwenyanga kwaphelaisilinganiso semizuzu engama-30 kuya ehoreni, kepha kungathatha amahora ambalwa. Lokhu kumane kungumphumela woMhlaba omkhulu maqondana nenyanga encane. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ilanga likhulu kakhulu kunomhlaba nenyanga, okwenza lesi simo sibe sesikhashana nje.
Umsuka wokusitheka kwenyanga
Kukhona ukusithwa kwenyanga okungu-2 kuya ku-7 unyaka ngamunye. Ngokwesimo senyanga maqondana nethunzi lomhlaba, Kunezinhlobo ezi-3 zokusitheka kwenyanga. Yize zivame ukwedlula ukusitheka kwelanga, azenzeki njalo lapho inyanga egcwele ngenxa yale mibandela elandelayo:
Inyanga kumele ibe yinyanga egcwele, okungukuthi, inyanga egcwele. Ngamanye amagama, maqondana nelanga, lisemuva impela komhlaba. Umhlaba kufanele ubekwe ngokomzimba phakathi kwelanga nenyanga ukuze zonke izidalwa zasezulwini zibe sendizeni eyodwa yomkhathi ngasikhathi sinye, noma zisondele kakhulu kuyo. Lesi yisona sizathu esikhulu esenza ukuthi zingabi khona njalo ngenyanga, ngoba umzila wenyanga utshekele cishe kuma-degree ama-5 ukusuka ku-ecliptic. Inyanga kumele idlule ngokuphelele noma ngokwengxenye emthunzini womhlaba.
Izinhlobo zokusitheka kwenyanga
Ukusitheka kwelanga okuphelele
Lokhu kwenzeka lapho inyanga iyonke idlula emthunzini womkhawulo womhlaba. Ngamanye amagama, inyanga ingena ngokuphelele kwisigaxa se-umbra. Ekukhuleni nasenqubeni yalolu hlobo lokusitheka kwelanga, inyanga ihamba ngokulandelana kokufiphala okulandelayo: i-penumbra, ukusitheka okuyingxenye, ukusitheka okuphelele, ingxenye kanye ne-penumbra.
Ukusitheka kwenyanga okuyingxenye
Kulokhu, ingxenye kuphela yenyanga ingena embundwini womthunzi womhlaba, ngakho enye ingxenye isendaweni yokuhwalala.
Ukufiphala kwenyanga iTwilight
Inyanga idlula kuphela kusihlwa. Luhlobo okunzima kakhulu ukulugcina ngoba izithunzi ezisenyangeni zicashile kakhulu futhi ngokunembile ngoba i-penumbra iyisithunzi esisakazekayo. Yini enye, uma inyanga isendaweni yokuhwalala ngokuphelele, kubhekwa njengokufiphala kwelanga okuphelele; Uma ingxenye yenyanga isendaweni yokuhwalala kanti enye ingxenye ayinasithunzi, kubhekwa njengokufiphala okuyingxenye kokuhwalala.
Izigaba
Ekusithekeni okuphelele kwenyanga, uchungechunge lwezigaba lungahlukaniswa ukuxhumana kwenyanga nendawo ngayinye enomthunzi.
- Ukufiphala kwenyanga kusihlwa kuqala. Inyanga ixhumana nengaphandle le-penumbra, okusho ukuthi kusukela manje, ingxenye eyodwa ingaphakathi kwe-penumbra kanti enye ingxenye ingaphandle.
- Ukuqala kokusitheka kwelanga ngokwengxenye. Ngokwencazelo, ukusithwa kwelanga okuyingxenye kusho ukuthi ingxenye eyodwa yenyanga isendaweni yombundu kanti enye ingxenye itholakala endaweni yokuhwalala, ngakho-ke lapho ithinta umkhawulo wendawo, ukusitheka okuyingxenye kuqala.
- Ukufiphala kwelanga okuphelele kuyaqala. Inyanga ingaphakathi kwendawo yombundu ngokuphelele.
- Inani eliphakeme. Lesi sigaba senzeka lapho inyanga iphakathi nendawo yesambulela.
- Kuphele konke ukufiphala kwelanga. Ngemuva kokuxhuma kabusha nolunye uhlangothi lwesigayegaye, isiyaluyalu esiphelele selanga siyaphela, ukusitheka kwelanga okuyingxenye kuyaqala futhi, kuphele ukuphela kwelanga.
- Ukuphela kwelanga okuphelile kuphelile. Inyanga ishiya ngokuphelele umkhawulo womkhawulo futhi kuhlwe ngokuphelele, okukhombisa ukuphela kokufiphala okuyingxenye kanye nokuqala kokuhwalala futhi.
- Kuphela ukufiphala kwenyanga. Inyanga iphume ngokuphelele ekuhwalala, okukhombisa ukuphela kokushona kwelanga kanye nokusitheka kwenyanga.
Umlando othile
Ekuqaleni kuka-1504, uChristopher Columbus wahamba ngomkhumbi okwesibili. Yena nabasebenzi bakhe babesenyakatho neJamaica, futhi abantu bendawo baqala ukubangabaza, benqaba ukuqhubeka nokwabelana nabo ngokudla, kwabangela izinkinga ezinkulu kuColumbus nabantu bakhe.
UColumbus wafunda ephepheni lesayensi ngaleso sikhathi elalibandakanya umjikelezo wenyanga ukuthi ukusithwa kwelanga kuzokwenzeka maduzane endaweni, futhi wathatha leli thuba. Ngobusuku bukaFebhuwari 29, 1504 wafuna ukukhombisa ukuphakama kwakhe futhi wasabisa ngokuvumela inyanga inyamalale. Ngesikhathi abantu bendawo bembona eyeka inyanga inyamalale, bamncenga ukuthi ayibuyisele esimweni sayo sokuqala. Ngokusobala ikwenzile lokho ngemuva kwamahora ambalwa ukusitheka kwelanga.
Ngale ndlela, uColumbus ukwazile ukwenza abantu bendawo babelane ngokudla kwabo.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi iyini ukusitheka kwenyanga nezimpawu zayo.