Yini izinkanyezi

izinkanyezi esibhakabhakeni

Izikhathi eziningi sibheka esibhakabhakeni bese sibona izinkanyezi esibhakabhakeni zisakazeke emkhathini. Kodwa-ke kunabantu abangazi kahle yiziphi izinkanyezi ngendlela yesayensi. Sichaza inkanyezi njengomkhakha omkhulu wothuli negesi ohlangana nomkhathi wethu futhi ozikhanyela ngokwawo. Lokho wukuthi, kuyinkanyezi enkulu ye-incandescent enikeza ukukhanya kwayo futhi ivele esibhakabhakeni njengendawo yokukhanyisa.

Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela ukuthi yiziphi izinkanyezi, yiziphi izici zazo eziyinhloko nokuthi zakhiwa kanjani.

Yini izinkanyezi

imithala

Kukhona indawo yomzimba wasezulwini owaziwa njenge-incandescent futhi unokukhanya kwawo. Ayikhiphi nje kuphela ukukhanya kepha ishisa nokushisa. Ngenxa yenani elikhulu lezinkanyezi, inani eliphelele elikhona endaweni yonke alaziwa ncamashi. Njengoba nathi singabazi ububanzi bendawo yonke iphelele, asikwazi ukuthi zingaki izinkanyezi ezikhona. Kodwa-ke, abanye bososayensi abanolwazi kakhulu bakhombe abaningi babo futhi benza izilinganiso ezithile zenani eliphelele.

Ukuthola umbono wenani eliphelele elingaba khona isibhakabhaka sizosebenzisa isibonakude esiyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe. Ngalolu hlobo lwezibonakude esingafinyelela kulo Bheka izinkanyezi ezingaphezu kwezigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezintathu esibhakabhakeni esibonakalayo. Lokhu kwenza ukuthi inani eliphelele lezinkanyezi libe kude kakhulu nokuba ngqo.

Inkanyezi yokudla kakhulu emhlabeni wethu yiyona kuphela eyenza uhlelo lwelanga. Imayelana nelanga. Yikho okuqinisekisa impilo emhlabeni wethu njengoba sazi. Ezinye izinkanyezi eziseduze kweplanethi yethu zingezesistimu I-Alpha Centauri itholakala ebangeni eliyiminyaka engu-4.37 yokukhanya.

Izici zezinkanyezi

zichazwa yini izinkanyezi

Lapho sesazi ukuthi ziyini izinkanyezi, sizokwazi izici zazo. Ziyizidalwa zasezulwini ezakhiwe ikakhulu nge-hydrogen ne-helium. Imvamisa sImvamisa iphakathi kweminyaka eyi-1 ne-10 billion ubudala. Ngokunikezwa kokwakheka nezimpawu zabo, abayona imizimba enokusatshalaliswa okufanayo endaweni yonke. Ngokuvamile zonke lezi zinkanyezi zivame ukuhlangana ndawonye zenze imithala. Kule mithala kuqukethe uthuli negesi futhi yilokho okwenza konke lokhu kuqoqwa kwezinkanyezi.

Kukhona okunye okuhlukanisiwe futhi okunye kuhlelwe kahle kakhulu ngenxa yokudonswa kwamandla adonsela phansi. Lezi zinkanyezi ezihlangene zodwa zakha izinhlelo eziyiqiniso. Kukhona ezinye izinkanyezi ezinambambili. Lokhu kusho ukuthi inkanyezi yakhiwa izinkanyezi ezimbili ezincane. Njengoba kuneqoqo lezinkanyezi eziningi, siyabona futhi ukuthi kunezinhlelo eziningi. Lezi zinhlelo eziningi ziqukethe ukwakheka kwezinkanyezi ezi-2 noma ngaphezulu. Lezi zinhlelo zingaphindwa kathathu, ziphindwe kane, ziphindwe kabili, njll.

Esinye isici ukuthi zikhipha imisebe ngenxa yenqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-nuclear fusion. Le nqubo yenzeka lapho ama-athomu amabili e-hydrogen ehlangana ukuze akhe i-nucleus entsha, esindayo ye-athomu. Lokhu kusabela kwenuzi kungaba nentshisekelo enkulu kubantu nokwakheka kwabo kwamandla. Noma kunjalo, amandla amakhulu nokushisa kuyadingeka ekwakhekeni kwawo. Ngokunikezwa kokukhiqizwa kwale nqubo, kukhiqizwa imisebe kagesi kagesi futhi ilungele ukukhipha ukukhanya nokukhiqiza amandla.

Umbala uncike ekushiseni nasezingqimbeni ezingaphandle. Uma izinkanyezi zibanda, kuzobonakala kubomvu ngokwengeziwe. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lezo zinkanyezi ezishisayo zikhipha umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Lapho sesazi ukuthi ziyini izinkanyezi, kufanele sazi ukuthi zinesiqalo nesiphetho. Udaba olubenza baguquke lube okunye uma sebewufezile umsebenzi wabo. Njengoba sishilo phambilini, okuvame kakhulu ukuthi izinkanyezi ziphakathi kweminyaka eyi-1 ne-10 billion ubudala.

Ukuziqeqesha

yiziphi izinkanyezi

Kunabantu abaningi abangazi ukuthi izinkanyezi ziyini, kepha ngisho nangaphansi kwalabo abazi ukuthi zakhiwa kanjani nokuthi zibhujiswa kanjani. Imvamisa, kukhulunywa ngokuzalwa kwakhe kusuka enkanyezini, ukube bekungumuntu ophilayo. Ukwakheka kwezinkanyezi inqubo engafingqwa ngendlela elula. Ngemuva kokuba khona kwefu lothuli negesi ngaphakathi komthala, izinkanyezi ziyakhiwa. Amafu othuli negesi angama-nebulae antanta endaweni yonke. Uma kwenzeka kukhona uhlobo lwesiyaluyalu ngaphakathi kwe-nebula, kungaba ngenxa yokushayisana nenye i-nebula, kwenzeka uhlobo oluthile lomcimbi, futhiUkuwa kwegesi nothuli ngaphansi kwamandla abo adonsela phansi.

Ukuze kuqondwe kangcono, ukuze inkanyezi yakheke, i-hydrogen, i-helium, kanye ne-stardust kumele kuqale ukuheha. Njengoba i-nebula izungeza, iba ncanyana futhi lezi zinto zihehana. Njengoba lokhu kwenzeka, isikhungo se-nebula siba nokuqina okuphezulu nokushisa okuphezulu. Yilapho beqala khona ukukhanya. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokuwa, i-nebula ithola umnyombo oshisayo bese iqoqa uthuli negesi ezungeze yona. Kwesinye isikhathi kungenzeka ukuthi ezinye zezinto ezibonakalayo ezikhona zakha amaplanethi, ama-asteroid nezinye izidalwa zasezulwini. Kepha, uma lonke udaba oluphakathi nendawo lufinyelela emazingeni okushisa aphezulu ukuze kuvele ukuxubana kwenuzi namandla akhishwe, kuzalwa inkanyezi.

Ososayensi balinganisele ukuthi izinga lokushisa elidingekayo inkanyezi ingazalwa cishe ezigidini eziyi-15 degrees Celsius. Izinkanyezi ezisencane futhi ezisanda kwakhiwa zibizwa ngokuthi ama-protostars.

Yini izinkanyezi: ukuziphendukela kwemvelo

Ekugcineni, sesivele siyazi ukuthi izinkanyezi ziyini futhi sizokwazi ukuthi ukuvela kwazo kuyini. Umjikelezo wokuphila wezinkanyezi waziwa ngokuthi yi-stellar evolution. Inezigaba ezilandelayo:

  • Ama-Protostars: iyona eqala ukuzalwa kwayo.
  • Faka inkanyezi ngokulandelana okuyinhloko: lesi isigaba saso sokuvuthwa nokuzinza.
  • Iqeda i-hydrogen enkabeni yayo: lapha ukuhlangana kwenuzi kuzophela futhi i-nucleus iqala ukuzidiliza yodwa futhi ishise kakhulu. Ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kungathatha izindlela ezahlukahlukene kuye ngobukhulu benkanyezi. Uma zikhudlwana futhi zikhulu ngokwengeziwe, zimfushane isikhathi sokuphila.

Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi ziyini izinkanyezi nezici zazo.


Yiba ngowokuqala ukuphawula

Shiya umbono wakho

Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

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  1. Ubhekele imininingwane: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.