Ngiyazithanda izivunguvungu. Lapho isibhakabhaka sigcwele amafu e-Cumulonimbus angikwazi ukuzibamba kodwa ngizizwe ngimangalisa, icishe icishe ifane naleyo ezwiwa yilabo abathanda iLanga lapho bephethe inkanyezi inkosi iphuma okokuqala ezinsukwini eziningi.
Uma futhi uyabathanda, ngokuqinisekile uzoba nentshisekelo yokufunda konke engizokutshela khona ngokulandelayo. Thola ukuthi siyini isiphepho, ukuthi sakha kanjani nokunye okuningi.
Siyini isiphepho?
Isiphepho sinjalo into ebonakala ngokuba khona kwenqwaba yomoya emibili noma ngaphezulu esemazingeni okushisa ahlukene. Lo mehluko oshisayo wenza umoya ungazinzi, okwenza imvula, imimoya, umbani, ukuduma kwezulu, umbani kwesinye isikhathi futhi nesichotho.
Yize ososayensi bechaza isiphepho njengefu elikwaziyo ukukhiqiza ukuduma kwezulu okuzwakalayo, Kunezinye izinto ezibizwa kanjalo, okuyizinto ezisemhlabeni ezihlotshaniswa nemvula, iqhwa, isichotho, ugesi, iqhwa, noma imimoya enamandla ezingathutha izinhlayiya ngokumiswa, izinto noma izidalwa eziphilayo.
Uma sikhuluma ngezici zayo, ngaphandle kokungabaza kufanele sikhulume nge- amafu athuthukayo aqondile lokho kukhiqiza. Lezi zingafinyelela ukuphakama okumangazayo: kusuka ku-9 kuye ku-17km. Yilapho i-tropopause itholakala khona, okuyindawo yezinguquko phakathi kwe-troposphere ne-stratosphere.
Umjikelezo womsebenzi wesiphepho uvame ukuba nesigaba sokuqala sokwakheka, isigaba esiphakathi sokuvuthwa kanye nesigaba sokugcina sokubola esihlala cishe ihora elilodwa noma amabili. Kepha ngokuvamile kunamaseli ambalwa adlulisayo avela ngasikhathi sinye, ngakho-ke lo mkhuba ungahlala izinsuku.
Kwesinye isikhathi isiphepho ingaguqulela esimweni se-supercell, okuyisiphepho esikhulu esijikelezayo. Iyakwazi ukuqala ngochungechunge lwemisinga ekhuphukayo nokwehla nemvula eningi. Kufana nesiphepho esihle 😉. Ngokuqukethe ama-vortices amaningi omoya, okungukuthi, umoya ojikeleza isikhungo, ungaveza ama-waterpouts neziphepho.
Kwakhiwa kanjani?
Ngakho-ke isiphepho singaba khona uhlelo lokucindezela oluphansi ludinga ukusondelana nengcindezi ephezulu. Owokuqala uzoba nokushisa okuphansi, kanti omunye uzofudumala. Lokhu kuqhathanisa okushisayo nezinye izakhiwo zenqwaba yomoya enomswakama kusungula ukuthuthukiswa kokunyuka nokwehla kweminyakazo ukukhiqiza imiphumela esingayithanda kakhulu noma ngokungafani nokungayithandi, njengezimvula ezinkulu noma imimoya, ngaphandle kokukhohlwa ukushaywa ugesi. Lokhu kukhishwa kuvela lapho kufinyelela amandla omoya ophukayo, lapho umbani wenziwa khona. Kusuka kuyo, uma izimo zilungile, umbani nokuduma kungavela.
Izinhlobo zesiphepho
Yize zonke zakhiwe ngaphezulu noma ngaphansi ngendlela efanayo, ngokuya ngezimpawu zazo singahlukanisa izinhlobo eziningana. Okubaluleke kakhulu yile:
Ezikagesi
Kungumkhuba wokuthi ibonakala ngokubakhona kombani nokuduma kwezulu, okuyimisindo ekhishwa owokuqala. Zivela emafwini aseCumulonimbus, futhi zihambisana nemimoya enamandla, futhi kwesinye isikhathi nemvula enamandla, iqhwa, noma isichotho.
Isihlabathi noma uthuli
Kuyisimo esenzeka ezindaweni ezomile nezingenamanzi omhlaba. Umoya ususa inqwaba yezinhlayiya ngejubane elingaphezulu kuka-40km / h, ukukwazi ukuqeda emazwenikazi akude kakhulu.
Ngeqhwa noma isichotho
Kuyisiphepho lapho amanzi ewela khona ngesimo seqhwa noma isichotho. Ngokuya ngamandla ayo, singakhuluma ngokuwa kweqhwa okubuthakathaka noma okukhulu. Lapho ihambisana nokuvunguza komoya nesichotho, ibizwa ngeqhwa.
Kuyisimo esenzeka njalo kakhulu ebusika ezindaweni eziphakeme kakhulu, ngoba isithwathwa sivamile kulezi zifunda.
Okwezinto nezidalwa eziphilayo
Kwenzeka lapho umoya uphethe inhlanzi noma izinto, ngokwesibonelo, bese zigcina seziwele phansi. Kuyisiphepho esiteleka kunazo zonke, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi singesinye sezincane esingathanda ukusibona.
Amapayipi amanzi
Yizinqwaba zamafu ajikeleza ngokushesha futhi ehlela ebusweni bomhlaba, olwandle noma echibini. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili: i-tornadic, okuyiziphepho ezakhiwa emanzini noma emhlabeni okwathi kamuva kwadlulela endaweni enamanzi, noma engeyona eye-tornadic. Ukuba khona kwangaphambilini kuncike kwi-mesocyclone, eyi-vortex yomoya engu-2 kuye ku-10km ububanzi evela ngaphakathi kwesiphepho esidlulayo futhi engadala umonakalo omkhulu ngemimoya ephezulu engu-510km / h; esimweni sokugcina, zakhiwa ngaphansi kwesisekelo samafu amakhulu e-cumulus futhi azinodlame kangako (imimoya yazo ephezulu ingu-116km / h).
Tornados
https://youtu.be/TEnbiRTqXUg
Ziyisisindo somoya esizungeza ngejubane eliphakeme elinomphetho ophansi othintana nobuso bomhlaba bese kuthi phezulu ngenhla ngefu le-cumulonimbus. Ngokuya ngejubane lokujikeleza nomonakalo odalekayo, umoya ovunguzayo omkhulu ungaba yi-60-117Km (F0) noma ufike ku-512 / 612km / h (F6).
Ubuwazi ukuthi zazinjani izivunguvungu nokuthi zenzeka kanjani?