Yini ebingenzeka uma i-asteroid enkulu iwela eMhlabeni?

Imibono, ama-movie, amaqembu abantu, ngisho nomthombo othile wezindaba. Kwake kwashiwo ukuthi ngabe i-meteorite ibizoba nomthelela yini emhlabeni wethu. Kodwa-ke, njengoba kuyiqiniso ukuthi asikaze siphile njengezilwane futhi asikwazanga ukubhala phansi, okuningi kucatshangelwe futhi kwaqagelwa ngakho. Kepha… ingaba yini imiphumela ngempela?

Kulo nyaka, amanye ama-asteroid aseduze ne-Earth adlulile. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezedlule, i-asteroid Florence, enobukhulu obungu-4,4 km, yadlula eduze kweplanethi yethu ebangeni elingu-7 million km. Yize bekungeyona ingozi, ngoba bekukude cishe izikhathi eziyi-18 okusihlukanisa neNyanga, kungenzeka ukuthi iningi lenu lizibuze ukuthi kuzokwenzekani ukube kube nomphumela obulalayo. Ukuthola okuningi, kule Okthoba ezayo, i-asteroid 2012 TC4 phakathi kwamamitha ayi-15 kuye kwangama-30 ububanzi, izodlula amakhilomitha angama-44.000 ukusuka.

Ukulimala ngamandla ngokobukhulu

Okokuqala, kufanele kwaziwe ukuthi umthelela ovela kwi-meteorite encane awufani nomthelela ovela kokukhulu. Uwedwa eminyakeni engama-20 edlule, kulinganiselwa ukuthi bathinte cishe ama-500. Ukuba mncane, kungenzeka ukuthi iningi liyishaye indiva le datha ngoba ayibanga yingozi. Ngakho-ke ngobukhulu bayo, singaqala ukusho, uhlobo lwentaba-mlilo abazoyishiya nomonakalo abangawudala lapho bezungeza khona. Uma kungenzeka babe ngamameteorite amakhulu, umonakalo omkhulu.

I-meteor encane, Amamitha ayi-100 ubude, angadala intaba-mlilo eyi-3km ububanzi futhi athinte i-radius engu-60km.

Uma i-meteorite yayingu-1km ububanzi, lapha besivele sizothola i-crater engu-25km enokucekelwa phansi kwayo yonke into eyayiseduzane no-400km.

Nge ama-meteorite amakhuluKusukela ekuqaleni kwe-10km, besivele sizoba nezinkinga ezinkulu. Umthelela wayo ungadala intaba-mlilo engu-200km ene- ukubhujiswa okuphelele kwayo yonke into eyi-3000km.

Imiphumela yesimo sezulu ebingaba khona emhlabeni

Ukungena emkhathini kwesinye sale mizimba emikhulu ngaphezu kuka-100.000km / h kungadala, zisuka nje, ukuphazanyiswa kwezimpawu zomsakazo nezethelevishini. Lapho bengena, babelandela kunesiphepho esinamandla kuzo zonke izifunda eziseduze. Kuye njengoba sishilo, usayizi owawunayo. Uma isifikile, noma ngabe iyiphi indawo, kuzolandela uchungechunge lokuzamazama komhlaba. Ngisho nasezindaweni lapho zazingakaze zibe khona ngaphambili. Ngemuva kwalokho, ukusuka lapha, ingawela ezindaweni lapho uqweqwe lomhlaba luzwela khona futhi kungadala ukuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo kuya ngephuzu lapho liwele khona.

Ngemuva komthelela wemeteorite, ifu elikhulu eliminyene belizomboza iplanethi ngokwengxenye noma ngokuphelele. Ishawa semfucumfucu ibizophonswa ekuqaleni. Lelo fu elikhulu lizovimbela iLanga ekubonakaleni izinyanga. Amakhaza ayemakwa kuma-thermometer nangendlela yeqhwa. Kancane kancane, izitshalo eziningi zingafa. Izindawo ezithinteke kakhulu kulokhu kungadala ukufa kwezilwane ezidla imifino. Ukufa kwabo bekuzohambisana nezilwane ezidlayo nakho kuyanyamalala.

Izimo zangempela ze-meteor ezishaya uMhlaba

Ngenxa ye-paleontology kanye ne-paleoclimatologists, kutholakale ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi esinye sezenzakalo zenzeke futhi. Ngokuya ngokutholakele, sithole ukuthi umthelela we Ama-meteorite asayizi we-1km avela njalo eminyakeni eyizigidi ezimbilis. Okwabadala, labo 10km, amathuba ancipha afinyelela ku-1 njalo eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingama-370. Ngenhlanhla, kuyinto esisa kude kakhulu. Singathola lapha esinye sezizathu kanye nemibono engachaza isizathu sokuqedwa kwama-dinosaurs.

Njengoba singehlule ngokuphelele ukuthi into enjalo ingenzeka ngolunye usuku, I-NASA isivele ilusukumele lolu daba. Baze babe nokuhlolwa okulindile ukuphambukisa ama-meteorite angahle abe yingozi kithi ngolunye usuku.

Sethemba ukuthi konke lokhu kuyinkolelo emsulwa, nokuthi akudingeki ukuthi sibone imiphumela emibi yedwala elikhulu elibhekene nomhlaba.