Ayini amanzi angaphansi komhlaba

umthombo wamanzi

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zamanzi emhlabeni, kuye ngokuthi umthombo wawo, ukwakheka kwawo, indawo, njll. Izilwandle, imifula namachibi yimithombo yemisebenzi yabantu kanye nokuphakelwa kwamanzi okuphuza kubantu bakhona. Abantu abaningi abazi kahle ayini amanzi ngaphansi komhlaba, njengoba zikhishwa futhi zingaphuzwa kubantu.

Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, sizokutshela kulesi sihloko ukuthi ayini amanzi angaphansi komhlaba, yiziphi izici zawo kanye nokubaluleka kwawo kubantu.

Ayini amanzi angaphansi komhlaba

amanzi ngaphansi komhlaba

Amanzi angaphansi komhlaba awumthombo wamanzi ahlanzekile wemvelo atholakala phezu koqweqwe lomhlaba. Ngokuvamile zitholakala ekwakhekeni kwe-geological okungenakunyakaziswa okubizwa ngokuthi ama-aquifers. Amanzi angaphansi komhlaba adlala indima ebalulekile emisebenzini yabantu nasekugcinweni kwemvelo.

I-Food and Agriculture Organization yeNhlangano Yezizwe Ezihlangene (i-FAO) ichaza lolu hlobo lwamanzi njengamanzi atholakala ngaphansi komhlaba futhi athatha izimbotshana kanye nemifantu emadwaleni. Amanzi angaphansi komhlaba agcinwa ezindaweni lapho amanzi agcinwa khona ezingeni lokushisa elifana nelendawo atholakala kuyo. Lezi zindawo zibizwa ngokuthi ama-aquifers futhi ziyizakhiwo ze-geological ezakhiwe ngezingqimba eziningana ezinama-porous nezingangenisi ezingagcina amanzi ahlanzekile ngaphansi komhlaba.

Kwezinye izindawo ezibandayo, la manzi avame ukuba yiqhwa. Kunalokho, ezindaweni ezomile noma ezomile, bakha umthombo wamanzi ahlanzekile kuphela endaweni.

Elinye iphuzu elibalulekile lamanzi angaphansi komhlaba yindima yawo eyisisekelo emjikelezweni we-hydrological. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amanzi emvula angena emifuleni nasemachibini futhi afinyelele phezulu njengemithombo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, enye ingxenye yalo mthombo ihlunga emhlabeni futhi ifinyelele endaweni engaphansi komhlaba, lapho ingahlala khona iminyaka eminingi. Futhi, amanye ala manzi angaphansi ageleza emhlabathini aye olwandle, egcina umjikelezo wamanzi ulingana.

Akhiwa kanjani amanzi angaphansi komhlaba?

ayini amanzi angaphansi komhlaba kanye nezici

Amanzi angaphansi komhlaba akhiqizwa lapho imvula ingena ngezimbotshana zomhlabathi. Le mvula ingaba yimvula noma iqhwa.

Amanzi angaphansi komhlaba akheka lapho amanzi emvula ewela phansi futhi amanye amanzi ageleza emifuleni nasemachibini. Nokho, enye ingxenye yale mvula imanzisa umhlabathi ngokungena kuwo. La manzi ahlungiwe aqoqwa kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi ama-aquifers.

Lolu hlobo lwamanzi lungacasha izigidi zeminyaka, futhi kuye ngokujula kwalo, kuba lula noma kancane ukulithola nokulifinyelela. Futhi, ziwusizo ezimbonini nasezolimo, futhi ziyakwazi ukusekela izinhlobo eziningi zempilo.

Angakanani amanzi angaphansi komhlaba?

yini amanzi angaphansi komhlaba

Ngokwe-International Groundwater Resources Assessment Centre (IGRAC), inani lamanzi phezu komhlaba. cishe i-1.386 million cubic kilometers. Uma sikhuluma ngamaphesenti, singasho ukuthi u-70% weplanethi yethu ungamanzi. Sekuyiminyaka engaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezimbili, leli nani lilokhu lifana: alinciphi futhi alinyuki.

Kulawa manzi angu-1.386 million square kilometers amanzi, u-96,5% amanzi anosawoti. Inani lamanzi ahlanzekile emhlabeni liyi-3,5% kuphela yengqikithi. Amaphesenti angu-0,5 alezi zinsiza atholakala endaweni eyiqhwa yase-Antarctica. Kokunye, u-0,01% kuphela wamanzi ahlanzekile atholakala ezindaweni ezingaphansi komhlaba, kanti amanye (XNUMX%) atholakala emifuleni nasemachibini. Ngakho-ke, inani lamanzi angaphansi komhlaba lincane kakhulu uma liqhathaniswa nenani lamanzi atholakala e-Antarctica.

Njengamanje baxhashazwa ngokweqile futhi bangcoliswe imisebenzi yabantu, Lokhu kudala izinkinga ezinkulu kubantu abathembele kula manzi. Amanzi akhishwa kule mithombo ngokushesha kakhulu kunokungena noma ukugcwaliswa kwemvelo.

Imiphumela ibalulekile, njengoba ukunciphisa lesi sisetshenziswa esiyivelakancane kungaholela ezindlekweni zokukhiqiza eziphakeme noma izinkinga ngemigudu yamanzi. Futhi, izinga lamanzi lale mithombo yamanzi angaphansi komhlaba lingathinteka. Uma isimo siqhubeka, singase sibone ukuwohloka kwala machibi ayigugu.

Kungani amanzi angaphansi komhlaba ebalulekile?

Amanzi angaphansi komhlaba angomunye wemithombo eyinhloko yamanzi afanele ukusetshenziswa cishe ingxenye yabantu emhlabeni. Lokhu kuchazwa yiSikhungo Sokuhlola Izinsiza Zamanzi Angaphansi Kwamazwe Ngamazwe (IGRAC). Kodwa ngaphezu kwalokho, la manzi abalulekile ekusimameni kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo zomhlaba.

Ngaphezu kokusetshenziswa, amanzi angaphansi komhlaba awumthombo obalulekile wezolimo nokudla. Umuntu angaphila namalitha amabili amanzi ngosuku, kodwa siyakhohlwa ukuthi ukudla esikudlayo nakho kudinga ukuthi kukhiqizwe lo mthombo.

Okunye esigxile kukho ekubuyekezweni kwethu kwangaphambili indima ebalulekile amanzi angaphansi komhlaba anayo endaweni ezungezile, ikakhulukazi emjikelezweni wamanzi. Phakathi nezinyanga zomile, amanzi angaphansi komhlaba asiza ukugcina imifula, amachibi namaxhaphozi kugeleza.

izinkinga zokungcola

Nokho, imisebenzi yabantu kanye nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu kuthinta kakhulu imithombo yamanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Ukuxhashazwa ngokweqile kwalo mthombo noma izinguquko ekusetshenzisweni komhlaba kuchaza lezi zimo ezinciphayo emithonjeni yamanzi. Ngokunjalo, kufanelekile ukugqamisa ukusakazeka kwamadolobha kanye nomthelela wako ezindaweni ezingaphansi komhlaba.

Baxwayisa abe-FAO ukuthi kufanele kwenziwe ngcono indlela esisebenzisa ngayo le nsiza ikakhulukazi kwezolimo, okungenye yemikhakha eyidinga kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni nasekukhiqizeni.

Lezi nezinye izizathu eziningi zenza amanzi angaphansi komhlaba abe ngumlingiswa woSuku Lwamanzi Lomhlaba ngoMashi 22. Yasungulwa yiZizwe Ezihlangene ukukhombisa ukubaluleka kwawo ekulweni nokushoda kwamanzi kanye nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Ama-aquifers abhekwa njengabalingani bethu lapho ebhekene nemiphumela eyingozi yesimo sezulu, ngakho-ke manje kudingekile kunanini ngaphambili ukuwavikela.

Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi ayini amanzi angaphansi komhlaba kanye nokubaluleka kwawo emhlabeni.


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Shiya umbono wakho

Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

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  1. Ubhekele imininingwane: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.