U-Von Karman usiza ukubungaza

von karman vortices

I-turbulence ayikho emvelweni kuphela, noma kunjalo uyibheka, kodwa iyadingeka kakhulu ezimweni eziningi: ukuxuba kangcono uketshezi oluhlukene (yingakho sinyakazisa ikhofi nobisi ukuze sikuxube), noma ukudala ukudluliswa okukhulu kokushisa phakathi uketshezi (futhi siyanyakazisa ikhofi ukuze liphole ngokushesha), njll. Kwi-meteorology nazo zikhona futhi zibizwa U-Von Karman usiza ukubungaza.

Kulesi sihloko sizochaza konke okudingeka ukwazi mayelana namaloli okulahla i-Von Karma, izici zawo nokubaluleka kwawo.

Izakhiwo ze-Von Karma vortex

imigqa yama-vortices

Okokuqala, kufanele sazi izici ezichaza uketshezi kanye nokuguquguquka kwalo. Ukuminyana, ingcindezi noma izinga lokushisa yizinto eziguquguqukayo esizaziyo sonke. Ngokusekelwe kuzo kanye nemiphumela yazo, noma yikuphi ukunyakaza noma ukuguquguquka koketshezi kungachazwa, noma ngabe kuyinkimbinkimbi kangakanani:

Ukuqina

von karman vortices in meteorology

Cabanga ngokugeleza komoya ushaya indilinga; uma isivinini somoya siphansi, sithola ukuthi umoya uhamba "bushelelezi" nxazonke nangemuva kwebhola; lo mhlane ubizwa nangokuthi "umfula ongezansi" noma "umsila" wokugeleza kwamanzi.

Kulokhu ukugeleza kubizwa ngokuthi i-laminar, okusho ukuthi: ama-eddies noma ngokuvamile abizwa ngokuthi ama-turbulences awaziswa, iqiniso liwukuthi ngaphandle kwe-turbulence yonke into izoba yisicefe, empeleni ngisho nezibalo ze-Navier-Stokes zingakwazi Izicelo ku-psychology, ukulawula isixuku noma ukuklanywa kwezinhlelo zokuphuma kwabahamba ngezinyawo ezinkundleni zemidlalo, njll., konke kulula uma kungekho siphithiphithi.

Manje ake sithi i-molecule ngayinye yomoya ilandela enye i-molecule yomoya, njalonjalo; kunenombolo engapheli yama-molecule emgqeni obushelelezi. Ake sicabange ukuthi, nganoma yisiphi "isizathu", kukhona ngokuzumayo i-molecule engalandeli le phethini eguquguqukayo, okungukuthi, ishiya umzila "ojwayelekile", nakuba kungavamile kakhulu; ngobuchwepheshe, kuthiwa kwenzeka "engazinzile". Lokhu kungazinzi kuyisiqalo sesiyaluyalu; Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuqhubeke, izinguquko emizileni zilandelana ngokunengqondo, njengoba i-molecule eyodwa isunduza enye ukuze ishintshe indlela, njalonjalo. "isizathu" kungani kwasekuqaleni.

Ama-trajectories ama-molecular angahluka kakhulu, ahluke kakhulu: izinguquko ezicashile kakhulu ezingeni lokushisa, ingcindezi noma ukuminyana, ngisho nalezo ezivame kakhulu ezingaziwa imvelaphi.

Kuye ngejiyomethri noma isakhiwo esakha okulandelayo, ukungazinzi kuthola amagama alandelayo:

  • Ukungazinzi kuka-Kelvin-Helmholtz: Ingenzeka ekugelezeni ngaphakathi koketshezi oluqhubekayo njengomoya noma amanzi, noma ekuxhumaneni koketshezi olubili noma izendlalelo ezimbili zoketshezi olufanayo oluhamba ngesivinini esihlukile.
  • Ukungazinzi kweRayleigh-Taylor: Okubalulekile "ekwindla" (ekuwa) noma ekwehleni komoya obandayo ovela emkhathini ongaphezulu. Ngisho nasekukhuphukeni "okubukhali" komoya oshisayo.

I-viscosity

I-viscosity cishe yaziwa kahle ngoba wonke umuntu uqhathanisa amanzi noju noma i-lava, isibonelo, echaza ukuthi yini i-viscosity. Ake sicabange ngelinye iso: Ake sithi sisemarobhothini anezimoto ngaphambili nangemuva; lapho irobhothi liba luhlaza, sidinga isikhathi sokunyakaza; ke: i-viscosity ifana nesikhathi sokusabela phakathi kwenkampani yenethiwekhi ngayinye (1/isikhathi sokusabela); ukuphakama kwe-viscosity, isikhathi sokuphendula sifushane; okungukuthi, zonke izinto eziwuketshezi zivame ukuhamba kanyekanye noma ndawonye.

I-viscosity ivame ukucatshangwa njengamandla ahlanganayo phakathi kwama-molecule oketshezi. Lapho i-friction iphakeme, i-viscosity iyanda. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, la mandla yisizathu sokuba khona kwesendlalelo somngcele: umoya oseduze useduze, ijubane eliphansi (esithombeni esingezansi, umcibisholo omfushane ubonisa isivinini esihamba kancane).

Ngokwesibonelo, ama- paraglider ngisho nabashayeli bezindiza bayazi ukuthi lapho umoya uvunguza (ngokuyingozi) ngamandla, bangehla, ngoba “ukushaywa” kwezihlahla kunciphisa amandla abo kakhulu.

Ukuqhubeka nesibonelo sebhola esishilo ekuqaleni, isibonelo, uma ukugeleza komoya phezu kwephiko ku-laminar ngokuphelele futhi akukho ungqimba lomngcele (esivele sazi ukuthi lufana nokusho ukuthi akukho viscosity), akukho mehluko. ingcindezi phakathi kwephezulu futhi phansi kwephiko, ngakho akukho lift; indiza ayikwazi ukundiza; kulula kanjalo. Ukundiza akunakwenzeka ngokuphelele, kodwa ngenhlanhla ukunamathela kuhlala kukhona. Futhi, ngaphandle kwe-viscosity, bebengeke babangele isiyaluyalu naphezu kokungazinzi.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwendaba ngomfutho ophansi

umbukwane womkhathi

Uma inhlayiya (efana ne-molecule yomoya) ingaphansi komfutho ophansi, iyayidonsa ngokusheshisa okunikezwa ukushintsha kokucindezela okuhlukaniswe ukuminyana. Ngomfutho ophakeme kwenzeka okuphambene, kuyaxosha noma ukusunduza.

Esimweni sezulu, izindawo zokucindezela okukhulu zibizwa ngokuthi ama-anticyclone, kuyilapho iziphepho noma iziphepho (iziphepho ze-extratropical kuphela ezimeni ezikhethekile) Zibizwa ngokuthi izindawo zokucindezela okuphansi.. Wonke umoya osemkhathini noma wonke amanzi asezilwandle zomhlaba uyanyakaza ngenxa yalo mehluko wengcindezi. Ingcindezi ingunina wazo zonke izakhiwo; empeleni, ezinye izinto eziguquguqukayo eziningi zithinta izinguquko zengcindezi: ukuminyana, izinga lokushisa, i-viscosity, amandla adonsela phansi, amandla e-Coriolis, inertias ehlukahlukene, njll.; empeleni, lapho i-molecule yomoya ihamba, yenza kanjalo ngoba i-molecule eyandulelayo ishiye indawo yokucindezela okuphansi, isifunda sivame ukugcwala ngokushesha.

Sibonile izimbangela noma ukuntengantenga okuvela emithonjeni yezindaba enjengomkhathi noma ulwandle, kwakha amajiyometri athile, enye yazo - isihloko salo msebenzi - yilawo abizwa ngokuthi ama-Von Karman vortices. Manje, uma sesiqonda izimbangela neziguquguquko eziphazamisa konke ukuguquguquka kwanoma yiluphi uketshezi, sesilungele ukufunda ngale geometry eqondile.

Lapho ukugeleza komoya kuzungeza noma yikuphi i-geometry, iguqukela kuyo, okuholela ekungazinzini, njengoba sesibonile kakade, benza isiyaluyalu; lezi zinxushunxushu zinezinhlobo nezimo ezingapheli; eziningi zazo azizona izikhathi; okusho ukuthi aziphindaphindwa ngesikhathi. noma indawo, kodwa abanye bayakwenza. Lokhu kuyindaba yeVon Karman vortices okukhulunywe ngayo ngenhla.

Zakha ngaphansi kwezimo zesivinini somoya eziqondile kanye nobukhulu obuthile bento esebenza njengesithiyo.

Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana ne-Von Karman vortices, izici zabo nokubaluleka kwe-meteorology.


Yiba ngowokuqala ukuphawula

Shiya umbono wakho

Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

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  1. Ubhekele imininingwane: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.