Izinga lokuqala livame ukubonwa ku-troposphere, elichazwa yithonya le-substrate yendawo, eyaziwa njenge ungqimba lomngcele weplanethi. Kubuswa ingxube yomoya enesiphithiphithi, edalwa ukungqubuzana okungapheli nobuso obunzima bomhlaba nokukhuphuka okuvezayo kwamabhamuza omoya lapho evutha.
Lesi sendlalelo sabelwe ngokujwayelekile i- ukuphakama kusuka ku-600 kuya ku-800 m, kepha ingahle isuke emashumini ambalwa wamamitha iye kwikhilomitha elilodwa noma amabili, kuya ngezici ezahlukahlukene njengokuma komhlaba, ukuqina kobuso, imvelo yesembozo semifino, ukuqina komoya, izinga lokushisa noma ukupholisa kwenhlabathi, ukushisa kokushisa nomswakama, njll. Emini, umnikelo wokushisa nokuhlangana okuqondile mpo womoya kukhulisa ukushuba kwesendlalelo somngcele, esifinyelela ubude baso ntambama; kunalokho, ebusuku ukupholisa kwenhlabathi kuvimbela isiphithiphithi futhi ubukhulu baso buyancipha.
Kwesinye isikhathi, ngokungeziwe, ukwakheka mpo kwesendlalelo semingcele kwenza sikwazi ukuhlukanisa amazinga amaningana:
1) a ungqimba lwe-laminar yamangqamuzana, ukuxhumana nomhlabathi, ubukhulu obungamamilimitha ambalwa, kubuswa yimiphumela ye-viscosity ebusweni;
2) bese u-a ungqimba oluyaluzayo amashumi amaningana wamamitha ukuphakama, abonakala ngesiphithiphithi esikhulu somoya; futhi
3) izinga eliphezulu, lapho amandla eCoriolis emoyeni, abizwa khona ekman cape.
Sekuvele ngaphezulu kwe-troposphere yamahhala, enomoya ohlanzekile futhi ominyene, lapho izinga lokushisa lehla ngesilinganiso 6 ºC / km.