Esinye sezimo zesimo sezulu esingathinta indiza yi uqweqwe lukashukela. Kuyindawo yokufaka iqhwa endizeni futhi ikhiqizwa lapho amanzi angamanzi ancibilika eba yiqhwa lapho ethinteka nawo.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela zonke izici, imvelaphi nokubaluleka kocwecwe.
Yini i-icing
Sikhuluma ngomphumela wesimo sezulu owenzeka engxenyeni engenhla yomkhathi futhi ongathinta indiza lapho idlula kulezi zindawo. Kulesi simo, iqhwa linamathela ikakhulukazi ezintweni ezivezwa umoya. Zonke izinto eziphuma endizeni zingashintshwa ngenxa ye-icing.
Ake sibheke ukuthi iziphi izinguquko ezinkulu ezingadala uqweqwe lukashukela ezingxenyeni eziphuma esitokisini sendiza:
- Ukubonakala kwehlisiwe. Uma iqhwa linamathela ezingxenyeni ezithile, indiza ingadala ukubonakala okunciphile emabangeni amafushane naphakathi.
- Ukuguqulwa kwezakhiwo ze-aerodynamic: Lapho izindlela zokuhamba zingumoya, izakhiwo ze-aerodynamic zibalulekile ekusetshenzisweni kahle kukaphethiloli. Iqhwa lingadala ukungazinzi emkhathini wezindiza.
- Ukuzuza kwesisindo: indiza ingathola ukwanda kwesisindo kuye ngeqhwa elisele ngenxa yendawo engaphezulu.
- Ukulahleka kwamandla: kungumphumela oqondile wokuzuza isisindo. Njengoba isisindo sikhula, indiza ilahlekelwa amandla kancane kancane.
- Ukudlidliza: Lokhu kubambezeleka ngokuqhubekayo kungadala ukukhathala kwesakhiwo kuzo zonke izinto zendiza.
Siyazi ukuthi i-icing endizeni ingenzeka emafwini, enkungwini noma enkungwini. Konke kuncike ezimweni zemvelo ezitholakala ngaleso sikhathi. Kungenzeka futhi esifubeni semvula. Kulokhu, ibizwa ngokuthi yimvula ebandayo.
Ukuvikelwa ngokumelene noqweqwe lukashukela
Into yokuqala ukwazi ukuzivikela ku-icing ukwazi lezo zindawo lapho zivame ukwenzeka kaningi. Akukhuthazwa ukundiza ezindaweni lapho Izimo zezulu zivumela ukwakheka kwe-icing. Enye indlela yokuzivikela kulesi simo ukuthi ube nemishini yokususa uqhwishi ukusiza ukususa noma yini eqoqekayo. Kodwa-ke, le ndlela yokuvikela ibiza kakhulu ngoba kufanele ifakwe endizeni.
Kunemishini yokuvimbela ukubanda yokugwema ukwakheka okufanayo futhi ungayivumeli ukuthi inamathele ngaphezulu. Lezi zinhlelo zingaba ngezinhlobo eziningana:
- Mechanics Camera: Yilabo abanokumbozwa kwe-matic okuthi uma kugcwala umoya enjinini, kuphule iqhwa. Zivame ukusetshenziselwa ulwelwe kanye nomsila womsila.
- Okushisayo: Yilawo mafutha kagesi angasetshenziswa kubhubhu lePitot. Futhi yizishisi zomoya ezingasetshenziswa emaphethelweni okuhola amanzi, ophephela, ku-carburetor nasemsileni womsila.
- Amakhemikhali: Lawa ngamabhati ahlukahlukene enziwa ngezinto ezisiza ukugcina amanzi apholile esesimweni soketshezi. Into ejwayelekile kunazo zonke ukuthi ingilazi yesivikelo somoya isetshenziswa kaningi ophephela.
Izimbangela
Ake sihlaziye ukuthi yini edala uqweqwe lukashukela. Okokuqala, kudingeka uketshezi lwamanzi, emazingeni okushisa aphansi kakhulu (into ejwayelekile kakhulu ukuthi ingaphansi kuka-zero) futhi izinga lokushisa lendiza nalo lingaphansi kuka-zero. Amaconsi amakhulu kungenzeka abekhona ngakho-ke ngaphakathi kwamafu anamazinga okushisa angama-2 no -15 degrees namaconsi amancane atholakala emazingeni okushisa angama -15 kanye no -40 degrees.
Ezinye zezimo ezikahle zemvelo ekukhiqizweni kocwecwe ukuhlangana emazingeni aphansi kanye nokungazinzi komkhathi. Ngesikhathi sokungazinzi komkhathi, ukukhuphuka okunamandla kwenqwaba yamanzi ashisayo kuvame kakhulu, okuthi, lapho kushayisana nenqwaba yamanzi abandayo, kukhiqize amafu akhulayo abheke phezulu. Amaphakethe omoya obandayo ukuphakama athanda ukunyakaza okuqondile kanye nokwakhiwa kwamafu nokungazinzi okukhulu.
Ukudlula kwamasistimu angaphambili anomoya onesivinini esikhulu nakho kuvame ukudala uqweqwe lukashukela. Ngokuya ngendawo indiza edlula kuyo, lo mphumela kungenzeka ucishe uvele. Isibonelo, indawo enezintaba ivame ukuthanda ukuphakama komoya futhi iba nomthelela ekwandeni kwenani lamaconsi amanzi akha amafu. Lokhu kwandisa amathuba okuba uqweqwe lukashukela. Umphumela wasogwini ufana nomphumela we-orographic. Umoya onomswakama ovela olwandle ufinyelela ezingeni lokujiya lapho ukukhuphuka kwalo kukhuphuka. Lapho ukuphakama kukhuphuka, okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwamanzi oketshezi kukhiqizwa emafini futhi namathuba okuqhaqhaza ayanda.
Umumo oyisisekelo
Ake sihlaziye ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo eziyisisekelo ze-icing ezikhona:
- Iqhwa elihlanganisiwe: Kuyiqhwa elimhlophe, eli-opaque, elinempuphu eliphuma kalula. Imvamisa zakheka emazingeni okushisa aphakathi kuka -15 no -40 degrees ikakhulukazi kusuka emaconsi amancane. Inqubo yokwakha lolu hlobo lweqhwa eliwugwadule yenziwa ngokushesha okukhulu.
- Iqhwa elibonakalayo: luhlobo lweqhwa olucacile, olusobala, olubushelelezi futhi luphuma ngobunzima obukhulu. Imvamisa yakhiwa emazingeni okushisa aphakathi kuka-2 no -15 degrees futhi ingxenye enkulu yakhiwa ngamaconsi amakhulu. Inqubo yokuqandisa lolu hlobo lweqhwa ihamba kancane. Futhi iqiniso ukuthi amaconsi angageleza kancane ngaphambi kokuba aqandiswe. Ngale ndlela, indawo ebandayo iyanda. Ukuhamba kwamanje okuzungeze iphiko lendiza kungaphazanyiswa kakhulu kunezinhlobo zangaphambili zeqhwa.
- Imvula ebandayo: kungenye yezinto eziyingozi kakhulu ezikhona. Kuyi-icing eyingozi kakhulu endizeni. Futhi ukuthi iqhwa lisobala nemvula ihambisane ngokufanayo endizeni. Iphrofayili eshisayo enokuphendukezelwa kwamazinga aphakathi impela iyathandeka ekwakhekeni kwemvula ebandayo.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi nge-icing nezici zayo.