Ngenxa yokufudumala kwembulunga yonke nokwenyuka kwamazinga okushisa omhlaba, uLwandle Olufile lube nezinguquko ezinkulu emashumini eminyaka amuva nje. Ngo-1983 kwavulwa i-spa ebhishi loLwandle Olufile lapho izivakashi zazingaphuma khona ngaphandle kwesakhiwo zifike emanzini. Namuhla isithombe sehlukile. Ukuze ukwazi ukusuka e-spa uye emanzini, kudingeke ukuthi bafake isitimela esingamakhilomitha amabili ethrekhi eya echibini.
Ngabe uLwandle Olufile lungasindiswa yini emiphumeleni emibi yokuguquka kwesimo sezulu?
Ulwandle olufile
ULwandle Olufile luyindawo ejulile ebusweni bomhlaba (hhayi olwandle) - amamitha ayi-430 ngaphansi kogu lolwandle - kepha umthamo wamanzi uyaqhubeka nokwehla. Umngcele weJordani ngasempumalanga no-Israyeli neWest Bank ngasentshonalanga, ulwandle empeleni luyichibi. Izinga lamanzi belilokhu lishintsha njalo. Umlando uthi waze wacwila cishe eminyakeni eyizi-10.000 XNUMX eyedlule. Kepha manje, amazinga okushisa embulungeni yonke enyukile, kanti isomiso namanzi kuyehla ngezinga eliphezulu.
ULwandle Olufile lunezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezisekelayo futhi eselivele selibhekene nemithelela yokuhlehla kwamanzi (eyehla cishe ngemitha elilodwa ngonyaka). Abezemvelo nososayensi bakhathazekile ngokuthi leli chibi linganyamalala ngokuphelele uma kungenziwa lutho ukuvimbela lokhu ukuthi kuqhubeke. Yize kungamagciwane kuphela angasinda emazingeni kasawoti oLwandle Olufile, leli chibi lisekela izilwane zasendle ezisendaweni yalo.
Izimbali nezilwane ezondla leli chibi
Libhekwa njengesimangaliso semvelo, leli chibi liqanjwa ngenxa yokuthi amagciwane kuphela nesikhunta esithile esingahlala kulo, ngoba amanzi alo cishe usawoti ophindwe kayishumi kunolwandle oluvamile. Kodwa-ke, inqwaba yezitshalo nezilwane, kufaka phakathi izilwane ezincelisayo ezifana nembuzi yasezintabeni nengwe, kuncike kuma-oase, azungeze leli chibi.
Abacwaningi nabezemvelo baxwayisa ngokuthi njengoba amazinga olwandle eqhubeka nokwehla, izindawo nezimo ezoma kakhulu kuzoba nomthelela ezixukwini zezinyoni ezifudukayo, ezima lapho unyaka nonyaka ukuze zizuze esimweni sezulu esipholile.
Ngubani obangela le nhlekelele?
Sibheke ukulimala kwekhwalithi nobungako bamanzi oLwandle Olufile, kepha ngubani imbangela yakho konke lokhu? Ochwepheshe bathi ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kudlala indima ebalulekile, ngoba ngokwanda kwamazinga okushisa emhlabeni, izinga lokuhwamuka lenyuka futhi nesomiso siyanda. Kodwa-ke, ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu akuyona imbangela enkulu yalokhu. Kungumsebenzi wabantu.
Ngokungabi nemininingwane esobala kakhulu yokuthi ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kulithinta kanjani izinga lokuhwamuka kanye nombuso wemvula, kusobala ukuthi Okuthinteka kakhulu ukwehla kwamazinga olwandle ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi okuphuza kwa-Israyeli, Jordan naseSyria.
IJordani elake laba namandla umfula omkhulu ohlinzeka le ndawo kanye noLwandle Olufile. Emsukweni wayo ingenye yemigwaqo emikhulu yamanzi emhlabeni, futhi ibalulekile emingceleni eseMpumalanga Ephakathi. Kodwa-ke, amadamu amakhulu, amapayipi kanye neziteshi zamaphampu ezakhelwe ukuguqula amanzi okuphuza zinciphise umfula waba ngumsele ezindaweni. Kuma-cubic metres ayi-1,3 wezigidi iJordani eliyihambisa oLwandle Olufile, yi-5% kuphela efinyelela kuleli chibi.
Inkinga yamanzi eMiddle East
Ikakhulukazi eJordani, esinye sezifunda ezome kakhulu emhlabeni, ukufinyelela emanzini ahlanzekile kungesinye sezizathu eziyinhloko zalolu dweshu. ULwandle Olufile lukhokhela ukusweleka kwamanzi esifundeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abahlala echibini nabo bezwa umthelela wezomnotho woLwandle Olufile. Izinkampani eziningi kule ndawo zincike ngqo kuyo, ngenxa yokunotha kwayo ngamaminerali, nangobuhle bayo bezokwelapha obudumile.
Izimboni ziphinde zikhiphe amaminerali echibini futhi kuya kuba nzima ukwenza ibhizinisi. Isixazululo sale nkinga enkulu kungaba ukwakhiwa komsele othutha amanzi ukusuka oLwandle Olubomvu uya oLwandle Olufile, ngaleyo ndlela ukuncipha kwamazinga awo kungamiswa.