Ngenkathi izifundo zigcwele ukuthi ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke kuzoholela isomiso okunzima kakhulu, okude futhi okuvame kakhulu, manje kukhona nolunye uphenyo olungavumelani nalokho. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokuhlanganyela yi-University of California e-Irvine nase-University of Washington, futhi okushicilelwe kumagazini wesayensi i-Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS).
Ngokusho kwababhali, ukugcwala okuphezulu kwesikhutha kuvumela izitshalo ukugcina amanzi amaningi emhlabathini, ngakho-ke zingakwazi ukuzivumelanisa kangcono namazinga okushisa aphezulu.
Kuze kube manje, kuphela amanani asemkhathini (izinga lokushisa, umswakama, imvula) abhekwe ukuthi ahlole isomiso, njengePalmer Drought Severity Index. Ngale nkomba, kulinganiselwa ukuthi ngaphezu kwama-70% azobhekana nesomiso uma eminyakeni eyikhulu ukukhishwa kwe-CO2 kuphindaphindwa izikhathi ezine zangaphambi kwezimboni. Kodwa-ke, uma imininingwane yokusetshenziswa kwamanzi yizitshalo ifakiwe, leli nani liwela ku- 37%, ngani?
I-Carbon dioxide ibalulekile ezitshalweni. Ngaphandle kwayo, bebengeke bakwazi ukwenza i-photosynthesize futhi bebengakwazi ukukhula. Ukuyimunca, bavula izakhiwo abanazo emaqabungeni abizwa nge-stomata, kepha lokhu kuyinkinga, njengoba kuvumela umswakama ukuba uphume. Yize isimo siguquka uma kuningi kwe-CO2 ekhona emoyeni kusukela lapho I-stomata ayidingi ukuvuleka isikhathi eside kangako, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ukulahleka kwamanzi kuncane.
Noma kunjalo, uma isomiso senzeka ngezikhathi ezifudumele, ayabulala. Izitshalo ziba buthakathaka, futhi ngokwenza kanjalo izinambuzane ziyazibulala ngezinsuku ezimbalwa kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, yize zimbalwa kakhulu izomiso, zingaba nemiphumela emibi.
Ungafunda isifundo esigcwele lapha (ngesiNgisi).