Misa imiphumela yokuguquka kwesimo sezulu kubaluleke kakhulu ekusaseni lezizukulwane zethu ezizayo kanye nokuqinisekisa ukunakekelwa kwemithombo yemvelo kanye nokuhlukahluka kwemvelo.
Kodwa-ke, izenzo zokunqanda ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu, njengokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi ekhipha ukushisa, ziyabiza. Kudinga isabelomali sangaphambilini nokulungiselela. Ngabe iSpain ikulungele yini ukunikela ekunciphiseni imiphumela yokuguquka kwesimo sezulu?
Isivumelwano saseParis
Amakhulu amazwe emhlabeni jikelele, abanikela ekukhishweni kwamagesi adala ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu, wasigunyaza iSivumelwano SaseParis. Lokhu kuzimisela kwamazwe ukusimamisa ukukhishwa kwe-CO2 emhlabeni jikelele kusho izinguquko ezahlukahlukene ohlelweni lwezezimali lomhlaba jikelele. Lezi zinguquko zenza ohulumeni namabhizinisi kufanele balungise izabelomali zabo. Kuthiwani ngomnotho waseSpain?
Lona ngomunye wemibuzo abazama ukuwuphendula ochwepheshe emkhakheni wokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu. Engqungqutheleni yezingxoxo ebibanjelwe eMadrid ngu-leya esikoleni sebhizinisi se-AFI kanye neFrance Institute for Sustainable Development and International Relations (Iddri)ubizile "Ukuphathwa kobungozi besimo sezulu kanye nokuxhaswa ngezimali okusimeme", babhekane nezindaba zalolu hlobo.
Ukuqinisekiswa kwesiVumelwano saseParis kusho "A before and after" emiphumeleni yezomnotho ohulumeni abazoba nayo ekulweni nokuguquka kwesimo sezulu. Phakathi kwaleyo miphumela kukhona nezinkampani ezinezimpahla zezimali eziningi ezishubisa isikhutha. Ukuze benze lokhu, kufanele bachaze amamephu engcuphe imikhakha ehlukahlukene ezobhekana nawo njengoba kuguquka amandla okuvuseleleka kuqhubeka. Lokho wukuthi, abatshalizimali baqala ukubuza ukuthi ngabe izimali ezinenzuzo kwezomnotho namuhla, ezincike ekuxhashazweni nasekukhishweni kukawoyela, zizoba njalo esikhathini esizayo lapho amandla avuselelekayo ezosebenza khona.
Le ndlela yokuguqulwa kwamandla, ukulwa nokuguquka kwesimo sezulu kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwamakhemikhali, kwenza sikwazi ukuhlaziya izingozi zezulu ezingaba khona ezihambisana nokutshalwa kwezimali ezikhungweni nakwezinkampani. Isibonelo, kufanele wenze ukuhlaziywa okubanzi ku- inzuzo yokukhipha izinto zokubasa ezingakatholakali noma izinkampani ezithuthukisa imisebenzi yazo ezindaweni ezisengozini yokuthinteka ezinhlekeleleni zemvelo ezibangelwa ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu.
Izinguquko ohlelweni lwezezimali lomhlaba jikelele
Ibhodi Lokuzinza Kwezezimali Ngumgwamanda okhuthazwe yi-G20 ukuguqula uhlelo lwezezimali lomhlaba jikelele.Ngenxa yezinguquko nemithelela yemiphumela yokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu, baphoqeleke ukuthi babeke umthelela wezezimali wokulwa nayo phakathi kwezinto abazibeke eqhulwini.
Ukubhekana nalolu shintsho lwezezimali, selusungule iqembu elisebenzayo eliphethe ukulungisa umbiko ozoqondisa amazwe ngokuthinteka kwezezimali ngokwanda kwemiphumela yokuguquka kwesimo sezulu.
Izinguquko kanye nemihlahlandlela kuzokwenziwa ezinyangeni ezisukela manje kuze kube nguJuni ukuze izinkampani nezinhlangano zikwazi ukubumba izinguquko zazo ohlelweni lwezezimali. Umbhalo ozokwethulwa engqungqutheleni ye-G20 ngoJuni eGermany uzoba ithuluzi elisiza ekwelulekeni ukwenziwa kwezinqumo ngezingcuphe namathuba avezwa ukufudumala komhlaba, kanye nezinhloso ezilula kakhulu okumele zikhethwe ukwenza lokhu kuhlaziywa.
Kwenzekani eSpain?
ESpain, ukuqwashisa ngokuguquka kwesimo sezulu kanye nokufudumala kwembulunga yonke akuthinti kakhulu utshalomali. Namuhla iBhange laseSpain alazi ukuthi zingaki izimpahla elihlangane nazo nezimpahla ezisebenza ngamalahle. Kungakho ingenalo isu lokusiza ukuthuthukisa isenzo uma imikhawulo eyingozi ngenxa yemiphumela yokuguquka kwesimo sezulu yeqiwe. Futhi kabazi ukuba sengcupheni kwengqalasizinda ekwandeni kwezinhlekelele zemvelo.
Ngamafuphi, iSpain, njengenjwayelo, ingemuva kwamanye amazwe. Kuze kube namuhla, akazi ukuthi ingcuphe engaba khona ngokuguquka kwesimo sezulu emnothweni wethu.