Ngaphakathi kwamaqoqo ezinkanyezi esibhakabhakeni sithola eminye ebhalwe yisazi sezinkanyezi u-Irrigation Ptolemy. Phakathi kwemilaza engama-48 ebhalwe yileli zinkanyezi lapho kutholakala khona izinkanyezi ezingama-88 zesimanje, sinayo Umlaza i-Andromeda. Kuyisixuku esingabonakala kunoma iyiphi i-latitude inqobo nje uma singaphezulu kwama-degree angama-40 eningizimu. Ezingxenyeni ezingaphakathi, i-constellation ihlala ngaphansi kwesibhakabhaka futhi itholakala ku-quadrant wokuqala we-hemisphere esenyakatho.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela zonke izici, umlando, imvelaphi nokwakheka komlaza i-Andromeda.
Izici eziyinhloko
Ngaphakathi kohlu lwamaqoqo ezinkanyezi anamuhla angama-88, i-Andromeda ibalelwa ku-19 ngokobukhulu bayo. Indawo yayo kusuka kuma-degree angama-722 square kanye nemilaza yayo ehlanganayo yile: ICassiopeia, iLizard, Pegasus, Perseus, Inhlanzi noNxantathu. Phakathi kwezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ezingezomlaza i-Andromeda galaxy. Lo mthala waziwa nangegama leMessier 31. Luhlobo lomthala wokuvunguza osondele kakhulu IMilky Way.
Esinye sezici eziyinhloko zomlaza i-Andromeda ukuthi kwaziwa ukuthi kunamanzi amakhulu emeteor abizwa nge-Andromedids. Imvula iba minyaka yonke ngenyanga kaNovemba, ngoba iyenzeka ukungena emkhathini okuvela ezinsaleleni zikaComet Biela. Lesi sihlambi semeteor besilokhu simangalisa ikakhulukazi emashumini eminyaka adlule ekhulu le-XNUMX. Njengoba kunikezwe ukuthi njengamanje kunezinsalela ezimbalwa kuphela ze-comet, akunakwenzeka ukubona le shawa ngamehlo.
Umsuka nezinganekwane zomlaza i-Andromeda
Njengoba kungabonakala ezinganekwaneni zamaGrikhi, U-Andromeda wayeyindodakazi kaCassiopeia noCepheus. Bobabili babengamakhosi ase-Ethiopia. Isibalo se-Andromeda sidlala indima ebalulekile enganekwaneni kaPerseus. Ezinganekwaneni kuthiwa iNdlovukazi uCassiopeia wayehlale eqhosha ngokuthi indodakazi yakhe yayiyinhle kunawo wonke amaNereids. AmaNereid ayeyizimpethu ezazinobuhle obukhulu futhi ezazihlala phansi kolwandle. Ngenxa yokwedelela kweCassiopeia, amanye amaNereid futhi aziphindiselela kuNkulunkuku uPoseidon.
Kulapho izinkinga zaqala khona. Ephendula izicelo zeNereids, uPoseidon wathumela isilo uCetus ukuba siqede inyamazane yaseCassiopeia neCepheus. Ekuzivikeleni kwabo, basebenzise i-Oracle of Amun futhi wadlulisa ukuthi ukuze asindise umbuso wakhe, kwakudingeka anikele ngendodakazi yakhe u-Andromeda ukuze kuthuliswe lesi silo. Kungaleso sikhathi lapho u-Andromeda waboshelwa edwaleni eliseduze nolwandle futhi wanikelwa njengesipho kuCetus. Ngokusho kwezinganekwane, kwavela iqhawe uPerseus ukuze abhubhise lesi silo futhi asindise owesifazane. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuqhubeke, uPerseus no-Andromeda babeshadile futhi baba nezingane eziyisishiyagalolunye. Ngemuva kokufa kuka-Andromeda, unkulunkulukazi u-Athena wayibeka esibhakabhakeni wayiphendula yaba yinkanyezi. Ngalesi sizathu izinkanyezi ezihlobene nenganekwane kaPerseus zibekwe nxazonke.
Izinkanyezi zomlaza i-Andromeda
Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, kusekelwe eqenjini elikhulu kakhulu lezinkanyezi elibhekwa njengenye yezinkulu kakhulu kwirekhodi. Inezinkanyezi ezinkulu ezi-3 ezinobukhulu obubonakalayo obungaphansi kuka-3 I-Alpha Andromedae, i-Beta Andromedae kanye neGamma Andromedae. Sizohlaziya izici eziyinhloko zazo:
U-Alpha Andromedae
Yinkanyezi ekhanya kunazo zonke e-constellation i-Andromeda. Yaziwa ngegama lika-Alpheratz noma uSirah. Kuthathwa njengohlobo lwenkanyezi kanambambili eyakhiwa izinkanyezi ezimbili ezizungeza enye phezu kwenye. Itholakala ebangeni eliyiminyaka engu-97 lokukhanya ukusuka kwiplanethi yomhlaba. Le nkanyezi nayo ingeyezinkanyezi uPegasus. Ubukhulu bayo obubonakalayo ngu-2.07 futhi bukhanya kunazo zonke izinkanyezi ze-mercury-manganese.
I-Beta Andromedae
Le nkanyezi ingeyesibili ngokugqama kunenkanyezi i-Andromeda. Kuthathwa njengesigebenga esibomvu esilingana nesangaphambilini. Kuyaziwa ngegama likaMirach. Ngokwezibalo ezithile zezazi zezinkanyezi kucatshangwa ukuthi kungaba yiminyaka eyi-199 yokukhanya ukusuka kwiplanethi yethu. Ososayensi bacabanga ukuthi mhlawumbe le nkanyezi iliphinda izikhathi ezingaphezu kwezingu-100 ubukhulu belanga.
IGamma Andromedae
Siyayazi le nkanyezi ye igama lika-Almach noma u-Alamak. Ingenye yezinkanyezi ezikude kakhulu enkanyezini futhi yiminyaka engama-350 yokukhanya ukusuka kwiplanethi yethu. Ekuqaleni sasicabanga ukuthi kwakuyinkanyezi eyedwa, kepha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kutholakele ukuthi uhlelo lwenkanyezi olwakhiwa izinkanyezi ezi-4.
IDelta Andromedae
Kuyisistimu yezinkanyezi eyakhiwe izinkanyezi ezi-3. Okugqame kakhulu kulezi yizinsuku zeDelta Andromedae isiqhwaga esiwolintshi esinobukhulu obubonakalayo obungu-3.28. Ibanga elisuka kwiplanethi yethu cishe liyiminyaka eyi-101 yokukhanya.
U-Epsilon Andromedae
Enye yezinkanyezi zomthala i-Andromeda. Yisidlakela esiphuzi esisendaweni eyi-155 light years ukusuka kwiplanethi yethu. Ubukhulu bayo obubonakalayo ngu-4.4. Esinye sezici eziyinhloko ukuthi inkanyezi izungeza eMilky Way nge-orb elliptical. Lolu hlobo lwe-orbit lubanga i-giant yellow usondela elangeni ngejubane lamakhilomitha angama-84 ngomzuzwana.
Izinto zezulu
Kule nkanyezi kukhona nezinye izinto zasezulwini ezithakazelisa impela ukuzazi. Siyazi ukuthi umthala i-Andromeda uwuhlobo lomthala ovinjelwe oluvimbe cishe cishe kabili ubukhulu beMilky Way. Itholakala ebangeni eliyiminyaka eyizigidi ezi-2.5 zokukhanya ukusuka kwiplanethi yomhlaba.
Izilinganiso ezahlukahlukene zokuhamba komthala zenziwe futhi kunqunywe lokho Imithala emibili izoshayisana eminyakeni eyizigidigidi ezi-4500. Lonke leli qiniso elizokwenza kube nomthala omusha omkhulu. Lo mthala unemithala eyi-satellite eyi-15 kanti ngamunye wabo ugqame ngokuba nemithala eyi-elliptical eyaziwa nge-M32 ne-M15.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngomlaza i-Andromeda.