Umlando woMhlaba

umlando womhlaba

Iplanethi yethu njengoba siyazi namuhla yehluke kakhulu kunendlela eyayibukeka ngayo ngemva nje kokuzalwa kwayo. IPlanet Earth ilinganiselwa eminyakeni engu-4.470 billion ubudala. Ngaleso sikhathi kwakumane nje kungukuhlangana kwamatshe okwangaphakathi kwawo kwafudumala kwagcina kuncibilikisa iplanethi yonke. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amagxolo omile aze aqine. Ezingxenyeni ezingezansi kwakwenzeka ukuqoqa amanzi ngenkathi, ngenhla koqweqwe lomhlaba, kwakhiwa izingqimba zamagesi ezaholela emkhathini. I- umlando womhlaba kuyisici esithandekayo okufanele sisazi.

Ngakho-ke, sizonikezela le ndatshana ukukutshela konke odinga ukukwazi ngomlando woMhlaba nokubaluleke kakhulu kuwo.

Umsuka weplanethi

umsuka wezinhlobo

Iplanethi yethu yayingelutho nje njengeqembu lamadwala ahlanganayo ayeshisa ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwakha ungqimba lwamagesi akha umkhathi. Kuyaziwa ukuthi ukwakheka komkhathi kuye kwavela ngokuhamba kweminyaka. Bekulokhu kungafani ngaso sonke isikhathi njengoba sinakho manje. Amanzi, umhlaba nomoya kwaqala ukusebenzisana ngodlame kwaze kwaba yilapho udaka oluvela maphakathi nomhlaba luphuma ngobuningi ngemifantu eminingi eyayikhona kuqweqwe lomhlaba. Konke lokhu kwanothiswa ngokuziguqula ngenxa yomsebenzi wentaba-mlilo.

Ngokusho kososayensi nezifundo zabo, cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-13.800 edlule kube nokuqhuma okukhulu okwaziwa nge-Big Bang. Amandla akhishwe ngejubane elisheshayo ngokweqile, njengejubane lokukhanya, acindezela le ndaba eminyene ngokweqile kuzo zonke izinhlangothi. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, njengoba besuka kude isikhungo futhi behlisa ijubane, inani elikhulu lezinto zahlanganiswa zahlanganiswa kwimithala elandelayo.

Asazi ukuthi kwenzekeni endaweni yonke esikuyo iminyaka eyizigidigidi eziyi-9 zokuqala; uma kukhona amanye amalanga, amanye amaplanethi, indawo engenalutho, noma lutho nhlobo. Cishe maphakathi nalesi sikhathi, noma mhlawumbe ngaphambili, kungenzeka ukuthi kwakhiwa umthala.

Ukwakhiwa kweLanga namaplanethi

ukwakheka komthala

Eduzane nonqenqemeni lwale galaxy, manje esiyibiza ngokuthi iMilky Way, cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezinhlanu eyedlule, olunye udaba lwalugxile efwini elincane kakhulu. Lesi simo senzekile ezindaweni eziningi, kepha sinesithakazelo esikhulu kulokhu.

Kukholakala ukuthi inkanyezi eseduze kwaqhuma kwahamba isupernova cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-4.600 edlule. Amandla okushaqeka akhiqizwa yilokho kuqhuma abangela ukuthi ukwaziswa okuku-nebula yethu yokuqala yelanga kuqale ukunyakaza. Ifu laqala ukuzungeza ngokushesha futhi laba isicaba ku-disk. Amandla adonsela phansi aqoqa ubukhulu bawo bube semkhakheni ophakathi nendawo, futhi nxazonke uquqaba oluncane luyajikeleza. Ubuningi obuphakathi buba yindawo ye-incandescent, inkanyezi, ilanga lethu.

Lezi zindimbane ezincane ziyajiya lapho zizungeza ilanga, zakha amaplanethi nezinye izinyanga. Phakathi kwabo, kukhona okungenani ibanga elifanele nosayizi ofanele ukugcina amanzi esesimweni soketshezi nokugcina imvilophu ebalulekile enegesi. Ngokwemvelo, le planethi ingeyethu, umhlaba.

Umlando womhlaba

umlando womhlaba kanye nokwakheka komhlaba

Ngemuva kwesigaba sokuqala lapho umhlaba waphenduka into eshisayo, izingqimba zangaphandle zaqala ukuqina, kepha ukushisa okuvela ngaphakathi kwancibilika futhi. Ekugcineni, izinga lokushisa lehla ngokwanele ukwakha uqweqwe oluzinzile.

Ekuqaleni, umhlaba wawungenawo umoya, yingakho washaywa yi-meteorites. Umsebenzi wentaba-mlilo unodlame futhi inani elikhulu lodaka olushisayo luyaxoshwa. Njengoba uqweqwe luphola futhi luqina, ukushuba koqweqwe kukhula kancane kancane.

Lo msebenzi wentaba-mlilo ukhiqiza inani elikhulu legesi, eligcina selakha ungqimba koqweqwe lomhlaba. Ukwakheka kwayo kwehluke kakhulu kunokwamanje, kepha kungqimba lokuqala lokuvikela oluvumela ukuthi kuvele amanzi amanzi. Abanye ababhali babhekisa ku- "Atmosphere I" njengo Umkhathi wokuqala womhlaba wakhiwa i-hydrogen ne-helium, equkethe i-methane, i-ammonia, amagesi angavamile, nomoya-mpilo omncane noma ongenawo nhlobo.

Ekuqhumeni kwentaba-mlilo, umoya-mpilo ne-hydrogen kukhiqiza umhwamuko wamanzi, ojiyikayo emvuleni yokuqala lapho ukhuphukela emkhathini. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, njengoba uqweqwe lomhlaba luphola, amanzi emvula angahlala engamanzi engxenyeni ejulile yoqweqwe lomhlaba, akhe ulwandle, i-hydrosphere.

Ukusuka lapha, i-paleontology isebenza ngokutadisha umlando we-geological, kanti i-paleontology igxile ekutadisheni umlando wezinto eziphilayo emhlabeni.

Umlando we-Geological woMhlaba

Ephenyweni lokunquma nokuqonda umlando wokuma komhlaba, imininingwane nezinkomba zitholakala ezinhlotsheni ezine zamatshe. Uhlobo ngalunye lwedwala lukhiqizwa yizinhlobo ezahlukene zemisebenzi kuqweqwe lomhlaba:

  1. Ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi kanye nokuthutha kunika amandla ukubekwa okulandelayo futhi kukhiqize izingqimba eziqhubekayo zedwala le-sedimentary ukuminyaniswa kanye nokushintshwa kwamandla.
  2. ILava iyakhishwa ekamelweni le-magma elijulile futhi ipholisa phezulu koqweqwe lomhlaba ukuze yakhe idwala lentaba-mlilo.
  3. Isakhiwo se-geological esakhiwe emadwaleni akhona, ahlangabezane nokukhubazeka okuhlukahlukene.
  4. Imisebenzi ye-plutonic noma yemilingo eyenziwe ngaphakathi komhlaba futhi banomthelela phesheya.

Ukwahlukaniswa kwezilinganiso zesikhathi se-geological emlandweni womhlaba kusekelwe ikakhulu ekuguqulweni kwamafosili nezinye izinto ezitholakala kuhlaka oluqhubekayo. Kodwa-ke, iminyaka yokuqala eyizigidi ezingama-447 kuya kwengu-540 yoqweqwe lomhlaba iqoshwe emadwaleni aqukethe cishe imivubukulo, okungukuthi, Zimbiwa kuphela ezifanelekile ezikhona kusukela eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingama-540 edlule.

Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ososayensi bahlukanisa umlando omkhulu womhlaba ube yizikhathi ezimbili eziyinhloko: i-Precambrian, ehlanganisa i-Subzoic, i-Paleophonic, ne-Proterozoic, ne-Phanerozoic, okuyinkathi yezinsalela zaleso sikhathi futhi efinyelela ngokoqobo.

Ukutholakala kwe-radioactivity kwavumela ama-geologists ekhulu lama-XNUMX kanye nama-paleontologists ukuthi benze izindlela ezintsha zokuqomisana ezinganikeza iminyaka ephelele (ezigidini zeminyaka) esikalini sesikhathi.

Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngomlando woMhlaba nezici zawo.


Yiba ngowokuqala ukuphawula

Shiya umbono wakho

Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

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  1. Ubhekele imininingwane: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.