El ulwandle lwaseNorway Itholakala engxenyeni esenyakatho ye-Atlantic Ocean. Le ndawo yaziwa njengendawo esenyakatho. Itholakala ezweni elihle elisenyakatho-mpumalanga yezwekazi laseYurophu futhi inqamula inhlonhlo yaseScandinavia. Inengcebo enkulu yezitshalo nezilwane kanye nomnotho omuhle.
Ngakho-ke, sizonikezela lesi sihloko ukuze sikutshele konke odinga ukukwazi mayelana noLwandle lwaseNorway nezici zalo.
Indawo
Ulwandle lwaseNorwegian lutholakala endaweni esenyakatho ye-Atlantic Ocean, eyaziwa nangokuthi indawo esenyakatho. Nokho, uma singavezi isimo saseNorway emhlabeni, singakhuluma kanjani ngokuma koLwandle LwaseNorway?
Ake siqale ekuqaleni, iNorway iyizwe elihle elisenyakatho-mpumalanga yezwekazi laseYurophu, phakathi kweScandinavia. Imingcele yendawo yaseNorway yilena: Impumalanga imingcele yaseSweden, iFinland kanye neRussia, imingcele yoLwandle Olusenyakatho, uLwandle iBarents, iSkagerrak Strait kanye, vele, noLwandle lwaseNorway.
Manje njengoba sesiyazi indawo yaseNorway nemingcele yayo, kulula ukuqonda indawo yoLwandle lwaseNorway. Itholakala phakathi kweNorth Sea futhi ibizwa kanjalo kubhekiselwa eziqhingini zaseFrisian, ngoba ihluke ngokuphelele eNingizimu. I-China Sea kanye ne-Greenland Sea E-Norway Eduze nogu, idlulela ogwini lwe-Faroe Islands, i-Jan Mayen, i-Iceland ne-Svalbard. INorthwest Norway.
Izixhumanisi zendawo yendawo yeNorwegian Sea angu-69 degrees latitude enyakatho kanye no-0 degrees longitude yasempumalanga. Izintaba ezingaphansi kwamanzi zixhuma iGreenland, i-Iceland, i-Faroe Islands, nenyakatho yeScotland, ehlukanisa uLwandle lwaseNorway noLwandlekazi i-Atlantic.
Ukwakheka kolwandle lwaseNorway
Kulinganiselwa ukuthi kwakhiwa uLwandle lwaseNorway eminyakeni engaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-250 edlule, ngakho-ke kufanele ukuthi yakhiqizwa ukususwa kwamapuleti e-tectonic. Ipuleti ye-Eurasian iyipuleti ye-continental tectonic equkethe izwekazi lase-Eurasia. Izwekazi lase-Eurasia lapho iNorway itholakala khona ihlukaniswe nepuleti laseNyakatho Melika, kuhlanganise neGreenland.
Ngalokhu kunyakaza kwe-tectonic, ishalofu lolwandle phakathi kweNorway neGreenland laqala ukushintsha, liba banzi futhi lijula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Njengoba siphawulile ekuqaleni, isenyakatho. Iqoqo leziqhingi ezise-Arctic Ocean lisuka empumalanga lisuka eSvalbard futhi linwebeka eningizimu-ntshonalanga phakathi kweGreat Britain neziQhingi zaseFaroe. Kuyiqoqo leziqhingi ezizimele futhi liyingxenye yoMbuso we-Arctic Ocean. I-Denmark.
Umthambeka wezwekazi ubonakala ngezindawo ezicebe ngempela ngokudoba, yingakho nje usetshenziswa kakhulu njengendawo yokudoba abadobi, okungukuthi, lapho abadobi bebeka khona amanetha abo, kanye nezixhobo eziningi zamakhorali nazo ziyagqama.
Ukwakhiwa koLwandle lwaseNorway kukhiqize uchungechunge lwezenzakalo ezibalulekile mayelana nokudilika kwenhlabathi emabhuloki ezwekazi, edume kunazo zonke eyenzeka eminyakeni engaba ngu-8.000 XNUMX edlule, kuthiwa uthanda ukudilika kwe-Storegga. Lalilikhulu kangangokuba labangela i-tsunami enkulu.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ugu loLwandle lwaseNorway lwakhiwa ngesikhathi sokugcina seqhwa futhi lwaziwa nangokuthi i-Wisconsin Glacier e-United States. Amabhulokhi amakhulu eqhwa amakhilomitha ambalwa ukuphakama aya ngasezweni elikhulu, akhe ama-fjords.
Ukuthintana kwezingqimba zeqhwa kugudluza uqweqwe olwandle, ngaleyo ndlela andise umthambeka wezwekazi. Lesi simo sokwakheka komhlaba singabonakala ogwini lwaseNorway enyakatho yeHelgeland kanye neziqhingi zaseLofoten. Ukwakhiwa koLwandle lwaseNorway kwaholela ekwakhekeni kwamashalofu ezwekazi anobubanzi obuhlukene, isikhala esincane esitholakele. ibanga elingamakhilomitha angama-40 kanti ubude libe ngu-200 km, ukuma kwawo kwakuhlukile kweseNorth Sea kanye nenkundla yoLwandle iBarents.
Uma ubheka isiteji, ngaphezu kweziqongo ezimangelengele, kunemisele eminingi, ubukhulu bayo buhluka ukusuka kwamamitha ayi-100 aphansi kuya kwamamitha angama-400 aphezulu. Ngokuvamile zimbozwa ngengxube yetshe, isihlabathi nodaka futhi zisetshenziswa kakhulu njengendawo yokuzalela izinhlanzi.
Izici eziyinhloko
Manje ake sibe nokuqonda okujulile koLwandle lwaseNorway, olunendawo ecishe ibe yizigidi eziyi-1,5 zamakhilomitha-skwele, umthamo olinganiselwa ku-2,4 million cubic kilometers kanye nesilinganiso esibaliwe sokujula esingamamitha ayi-1.600.
Yaziwa njengephaphu lolwandle futhi inegama elifanayo nelaseGreenland Sea. Esinye sezici eziphawulekayo zoLwandle LwaseNorwegian ukuthi, naphezu kwendawo yalo nobusika obubandayo, luwulwandle olungakhindi ngenxa yeGulf Stream egeleza isuka eGulf of Mexico enyakatho. Ngakulo, le misinga yolwandle ihlangana nenqwaba yomoya namanzi abandayo asele ephezulu eYurophu.
Amanzi e-Gulf Stream abonakala enosawoti omningi, futhi imisinga yolwandle iwadlulisela entshonalanga, ngenxa yokuminyana kwawo okuphezulu, ayaphola futhi azike. Amanzi eGulf of Mexico azofudumala ngempela lapho efika oLwandlekazi i-Atlantic futhi ephumela e-Arctic.
Lokhu kudala izimo eziyingqayizivele, ngokuba ngesinye sezinto eziphilayo zasolwandle ezicebe kakhulu emhlabeni futhi wagcwalisa uLwandle LwaseNorway ngokuphila. Ukuhlukahluka kwama-microclimates kanye nezindawo ezihlala kuzo kuzenza zihluke kakhulu, yingakho zinikeza izinketho eziningi zezinhlobo ezahlukene zezilwane zasolwandle nezitshalo ezihlala kuzo.
Isimo sezulu, izitshalo nezilwane zasoLwandle lwaseNorwegian
Ngokukhethekile koLwandle lwaseNorway, singagqamisa ukujikeleza kwe-thermohaline, okunomthelela omkhulu esimweni sezulu soLwandle lwaseNorway, hhayi nje isimo sezulu solwandle, kodwa nesimo sezulu sesifunda, esihluke kakhulu esilinganisweni.
Esinye sezici ezimangalisa kakhulu ukushintsha kwe-10 degree Celsius okwenzeka phakathi kolwandle nogu. Nokho, uLwandle LwaseNorway aluzange luyibaleke imiphumela yokufudumala kwembulunga yonke. Kusukela ngo-1920 no-1960, ukwenyuka kwezinga lokushisa kuye kwabikwa, okuhambisana nokuncipha kwemvamisa yeziphepho. Ngakho-ke, ukuvama nokuqina kweziphepho kuhlobene nezinga lokushisa.
Ukwakheka okuyingqayizivele koLwandle LwaseNorway, isimo sezulu, nemisinga yolwandle kulwenza lube indawo eshintshashintshayo yezinto eziphilayo ngoba luphakathi kwezimo ezisenyakatho ne-arctic. Ngakho-ke, izitshalo nezilwane zezinhlobo zeNoriega Sea eziwuphawu lwezifunda ezimbili zesimo sezulu. Kungumbukiso.
Izinhlobo eziningi ezinenani elibalulekile lokuhweba ziye zahlonzwa njengezilwane zasolwandle zaseNorway, okwenza iNorway yaba umthengisi omkhulu wezinhlanzi nezimbaza emhlabeni, okuqinisekisa izimo ezikhethekile nezici zoLwandle LwaseNorway. Olunye lwalezi zinhlobo i-salmon enegama lesayensi elithi Salmo salar, iyinhlanzi ezacile, enezinhlangothi ezicindezelwe kancane namazinyo aqinile emhlathini ongezansi.
Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana noLwandle lwaseNorway nezici zalo.