Konke esikubiza nge-meteorology nokunye izinhlobo zezulu zenzeka ku-troposphere. Lokho kungukuthi, kokukodwa kwe- izingqimba zomkhathi. I-troposphere yindawo yomkhathi esihlala kuyo futhi ephela phakathi kwamakhilomitha ayi-10 kuye kwayi-16 ukuphakama. Ngaphezulu kwale ndawo kune- stratosphere. Umkhawulo ophawula zombili izingqimba yi- ukuyeka kancane. Lesi yisihloko sale ndatshana.
I-tropopause inezici zokuhlukanisa phakathi kwezendlalelo ezihlukanisayo futhi yilokho okwenza isimo sezulu sigcine silayini. Kulokhu okuthunyelwe sikutshela konke mayelana ne-tropopause.
Izici eziyinhloko
Yindawo enganqamuki phakathi kwe-troposphere ne-stratosphere. Njengoba sazi kahle, i-troposphere yindawo lapho okuhlukile khona izinhlobo zamafu futhi kwezulu kwenzeka. Ngaphezulu kwalolu ungqimba, izici, ukwakheka kwamagesi nezinye izinto zomkhathi ziguquka ngokuphelele. Isibonelo, ku-stratosphere yaziwa kakhulu ungqimba lwe-ozone Kusivikela emisebeni yelanga eyingozi.
I-tropopause iyona ekhomba umkhawulo ophezulu wokuba khona komhwamuko wamanzi emoyeni. Kusukela kuleli zinga lokuphakama, umoya womile ngokuphelele. Esinye sezici lo mkhawulo omele ukuthi sithatha ukuguqulwa okushisayo. Lokho wukuthi, izinga lokushisa ku-stratosphere landa ngokukhuphuka esikhundleni sokuncipha. Lokhu kumisa konke ukunyakaza komoya mpo ngaphezu kwamandla emimoya evundlile ye-stratosphere.
I-gradient yethempelesha yokwanda kwe- ukuguqulwa okushisayo kungama-degree angu-0,2 ngamamitha ayi-100. Ngokuphikisana nenkolelo evamile, i-tropopause akuyona ungqimba oluqhubekayo. Ngokuphambene nalokho. Njengoba singena maphakathi nobude nasezindaweni ezishisayo, singabona amakhefu kuwo womabili ama-hemispheres. Into enelukuluku lokwazi ngayo ukuthi lokhu kuqhekeka kuqondana nezindlela ezihamba phambili ze- ukusakaza kwejet.
Ukuvuleka ku-tropopause kuvumela i-ozone ekhona ku-stratosphere nawo wonke umoya owomile ukungena ku-troposphere. Amanani wokuphakama we-tropopause ehla ezindaweni ezisuka enkabazwe ziye ezigxotsheni. Noma kunjalo, izinga lokushisa liyanda ngokuphakama.
Izinhlobo zokunqamuka kokuma komhlaba ngokuya kokuphakama nobude
Ngokuya ngokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu nesimo sezulu kumzuzu ngamunye, ukuphakama kwe-tropopause kuyahlukahluka. Isibonelo, liphakeme uma kunama-anticyclone ezingxenyeni ezingezansi futhi liphansi uma kunokudangala noma isiphepho. Izinga lokushisa liyashintsha kuye ngobubanzi lapho ukhona. Kunezindawo lapho okuku-85 ° C nakwezinye izindawo ku -45 ° C.
Ngale ndlela, izimo ezintathu noma izinhlobo ezintathu ze-tropopause zingabonakala, ngokuya ngendawo ekuyo kanye nobubanzi nokuphakama.
- Thayipha 1 noma ejwayelekile Kuyinto eyodwa enezimo ezimile kakhulu. Akukho ukukhwabanisa okufudumele noma okubandayo ku-troposphere.
- Thayipha 2 noma H kubizwa nangokuthi i-tropopause ephezulu. Yiyo ekhombisa uma kukhona uhlobo lokudumisa okufudumele endaweni engenhla naphakathi ye-troposphere. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka lapho kukhona ama-anticyclone afudumele.
- Thayipha u-3 noma u-S. Eyaziwa nangokuthi kushonile. Ihambisana nalapho ukukhishwa okubandayo sekuqhamuke ezingxenyeni ezingenhla ze-troposphere bese kuthi konke okunye kwakheke lapho kunezindawo zengcindezi ephansi ezingxenyeni ezingezansi.
Ukubaluleka
Yize kungahle kungabonakali kunje, lo mugqa ohlukanisa zombili izingqimba zomkhathi ubaluleke kakhulu empilweni eMhlabeni. Into yokuqala ukuthi ngenxa yokuzinza ekuhlinzekayo emazingeni aphezulu, abadumile amafu e-cirrus.
Isebenza njengechibi lamanzi, ngoba iyakwazi ukugcina umusi omningi wamanzi emngceleni wayo ophansi kusuka ezindaweni ezishisayo. Amakhemikhali amaningi akhona kulo mkhawulo asebenza ukuqonda kangcono imiphumela yokuguquka kwesimo sezulu nokuthi izothinta kanjani iplanethi. Le yindlela amanye amapulani angenziwa ngayo ukunciphisa omunye umonakalo oyingozi kakhulu obangelwa yile nto.
Amafu afinyelela endaweni tropopause ngama-convection currents ayayeka ukukhuphuka futhi kube sengathi agijimela odongeni lwengilazi. Ungavumeli amafu aqhubeke antanta phezulu ngoba iveza ukuminyana okufanayo nomoya ozungezile. Icala eliphikisayo livela ngaphansi kwe-tropopause, lapho umoya une-buoyancy oyivumela ukuthi iye phezulu naphansi. Iziphepho ezinamandla kakhulu ku-troposphere zishaya amafu athile phezu kwe-tropopause.
Izimo ezibangelwa yi-tropopause
Kunezimo ezithile ezenzeka ngenxa yobukhona balo mkhawulo. Sizozihlaziya ngamunye ngamunye.
Okokuqala ukuthi, njengoba ukugxila kwe-CO2 kukhuphuka, zandisa inani lokushayisana ama-molecule anakho namanye amagesi afana ne-nitrogen. Ngesikhathi salokhu kushaqeka, amandla e-kinetic ayangena futhi kulapho kukhiqizwa lokho okwaziwa ngokuthi yimisebe ye-infrared. Luhlobo lwemisebe engeye-spectrum kagesi futhi enobude obude obude. Lokhu kwandisa ukushisa.
Lapho lokhu kwenzeka, kukhona ukudluliswa okulula kokushisa esifundeni se-troposphere okwandisa izinga lokushisa. Uma lesi simo senzeka ku-stratosphere, imisebe ye-infrared ekhiqizwayo ingabalekela esikhaleni, ngoba kunomoya ophansi. Ngokuba nobukhulu obuncane, umoya uyakwazi ukupholisa izingqimba eziphakeme kakhulu zomkhathi.
Isenzeko sesibili esenzeka ngenxa ye-tropopause ukuthi Kwenzeka ngokwanda kokugxila kwe-CO2. Kulokhu, limunca ukushisa okuvela phansi futhi kube nokwanda kwezinga lokushisa engxenyeni engezansi yomkhathi. Ngakho-ke imisebe ifinyelela izingqimba eziphakeme kakhulu.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana ne-tropopause.