Ubudlelwano phakathi kokushisa nokushisa

Uyawazi umehluko phakathi kokushisa nokushisa? Imvamisa le mibono emibili ididekile, isetshenziswa ngendlela engafanele. Ngenkathi zihlobene kakhulu, azifani. Ngakho-ke, ngenkathi ukushisa kuyindlela yamandla, amandla okushisa, izinga lokushisa yikhwalithi enquma ukuqondiswa kokugeleza kokushisa.

Kodwa, Yiziphi izici umuntu ngamunye anazo? Sizokhuluma ngalokhu nokunye okuningi kulesi sihloko esikhethekile. 

Kuyini ngempela ukushisa?

Ngezinsuku ezibalele, futhi ikakhulukazi ehlobo, inkulumo esivame ukuyisho ithi: "kushisa kanjani!", Ngakwesokudla? Yebo, lo muzwa ukhiqizwa yilanga, okuyinto enkulu kakhulu kunePlanethi yoMhlaba (inobubanzi obungu-696.000km, kanti ikhaya lethu 'kuphela' lingama-6.371km), futhi lishisa kakhulu: I-5600ºC, uma kuqhathaniswa nesilinganiso esingu-14ºC esiqoshwe lapha.

Ukushisa kungathiwa yi- ukudluliswa kwamandla kusuka entweni yokushisa okuphezulu kuye kwenye ebanda kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, phakathi kwalezi zinto ezimbili kungafinyelelwa ukulingana okushisayo, okuyilokho okwenzekayo, ngokwesibonelo, lapho singena embhedeni ebusika: amashidi nezingubo zokulala kuyabanda ekuqaleni, kepha kancane kancane kuyafudumala.

Amandla okushisa angadluliselwa ngezindlela ezintathu ezihlukene:

• Imisebe: lapho isakazeka ngendlela yamagagasi kagesi, njengamandla elanga.
• Ukushayela: lapho isakazeka ngokuxhumana okuqondile, njengalapho sifaka isipuni ekhofi elisha.
• Ukuhlangana: lapho kusakazwa ngoketshezi noma igesi, njengezifudumezi esinazo ekhaya.

Futhi, lapho usuqedile, into ungaya kwesinye isimo, okungaba okuqinile, oketshezi noma okunomoya. Lezi zinguquko zaziwa ngegama lezinguquko zesigaba, ezihlala zakha imvelo yoMhlaba. Izinguquko zesigaba esivame kakhulu ku-meteorology yilezi:

• Kusuka kokuqinile kuya kuketshezi, okubizwa fusion.
• Kusuka kuketshezi kuye kokuqinile, okubizwa ukuqinisa.
• Kusuka kuketshezi kuye kwegesi, kubizwe vaporization.
• Kusuka kugesi kuya kuketshezi, olubizwa ukufingqa.

Amandla okushisa alinganiswa ama-kilojoule, ngokungafani namazinga okushisa alinganiswa ngamadigri (kungaba uKelvin, Celsius noma Fahrenheit), noma naseJoules (1 Julayi kulingana namakhalori angu-0,23 cishe).

Incazelo yokushisa

Izinga lokushisa ngu- impahla yendaba ekalwa nge-thermometer. Lapho into isondele kakhulu kokunye okushisayo, izinga layo lokushisa lizokhuphuka. Nathi uqobo, uma ngokwesibonelo sigula futhi sinomkhuhlane, izinga lokushisa lomzimba wethu nalo liyakhuphuka.

Kukhona izikali ezintathu ezilinganayo, njengoba sishilo ngaphambili:

• Celsius: leyo siyazi futhi siyisebenzisa kakhulu eYurophu, eneqhwa (0ºC) kanye nokubilisa (100ºC) njengezindawo zokubhekisela.
• Fahrenheit: isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi emazweni ase-Anglo-Saxon. Amaphuzu akhomba kuyo ukubanda kwengxube ye-antifreeze yamanzi nosawoti, kanye nokushisa komzimba womuntu. I-1 equC ilingana no-33,8ºF.
• Kelvin: ukusetshenziswa kwesayensi. Amaphuzu akhomba kuwo ayi-zero ngokuphelele nephuzu lamanzi amathathu. I-1ºC ilingana no-274,15ºK.

Amazinga Okushisa Emhlabeni 

Izinga lokushisa liyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi ukuphakama, ngokusondela noma ibanga lolwandle ne-equator, nge-orography futhi nangezimbali uqobo (Indawo enamapulangwe amaningi, lezi zitshalo zikhiqiza umhwamuko wamanzi lapho zifothisa isithombe, ezingasisiza ukubhekana kangcono nokushisa). Ngokubanzi, kunezindawo ezintathu ezinkulu emhlabeni:

• Indawo efudumele noma eshisayo: itholakala phakathi kwezindawo ezishisayo ezimbili futhi ihlukaniswe inkabazwe ibe izingxenye ezimbili ezilinganayo. Izinga lokushisa eliphakathi lingaphezulu kuka-18ºC.
• Indawo epholile (enyakatho naseningizimu): zisuka ezindaweni ezishisayo ziye ezigxotsheni. Amazinga okushisa aphakathi nonyaka ahlala cishe ku-15ºC. Ezifundeni ezisendaweni efudumele, izinkathi zonyaka zichazwe kahle.
• Indawo ebandayo (izingongolo): itholakala phakathi kwe-Arctic Circle neNorth Pole, ne-Antarctic Polar Circle neSouth Pole. Amazinga okushisa cishe njalo agcinwa ngaphansi kuka-0ºC, aze afinyelele ku -89C.

Futhi ukuzwa okushisayo? 

Yize endaweni yethu i-thermometer imaka izinga lokushisa elithile, mhlawumbe umzimba wethu uzizwa ngokuhlukile, okuzobe sekuyisikhathi sokukhuluma ukuzwa okushisayo. Yini ngempela?

Ukugodola komoya ukusabela komzimba esimweni sezulu endaweni, nokuzwa kokushisa kulapho kweqa u-26ºC, noma-ke kuye kwehluka kakhulu kuye ngesizini esikuso nakumuntu uqobo. Ngalesi sizathu, labo abahlala ezindaweni ezifudumele noma ezibandayo abavame ukukuthanda kakhulu ukushisa okunomswakama kwaseMedithera, futhi labo abahlala ezindaweni ezishisayo noma ezishisayo ngokuvamile bakuthola kunzima ukuzivumelanisa nesimo sezulu esibandayo.

Futhi ukuthi lapho kunomswakama omningi endaweni, kulapho kuzokuzwa khona ukushisa okwengeziwe; futhi uma kuba phansi, kuzoba kubanda kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ngokwesibonelo ukushisa okungu-30ºC nomswakama ongu-90%, kuzozwakala sengathi i-thermometer imaka ngempela I-40ºC.

Ubuwazi ubudlelwane obuphakathi kokushisa nokushisa?