I-haic aeon, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-hadean noma i-hadean, yisikhathi esidala kunazo zonke eMhlabeni. Uyaqonda kusukela ekwakhekeni koMhlaba cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-4.550 edlule kuya eminyakeni engama-4.000 / 3.800 billion edlule. Isikhathi asisho ngqo, kepha kunalokho siyinkathi engahlelekile ngoba le mikhawulo ayikasungulwa noma yamukelwa ngokusemthethweni. Ikhomishini ebhekele ukusungula imikhawulo nokutadisha i-stratigraphy, geology kanye ne-geochronology emhlabeni wonke IKhomishani Yomhlaba Wonke Yezobuchwepheshe.
| Supereon | U-Eon | Izigidi zeminyaka |
|---|---|---|
| I-Precambrian | I-Proterozoic | 2.500 a 540 |
| I-Precambrian | Okudala | 3.800 a 2.500 |
| I-Precambrian | I-Hadic | 4.550 kuye ku-3.800 |
Lesi sikhathi, esingaziwa, ngasikhathi sinye ukuqala kweplanethi yethu. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi lonke uhlelo lwonozungezilanga mhlawumbe lwalwakha phakathi kwefu elikhulu legesi nothuli. I-haic aeon nayo iyinkathi lapho Umhlaba uhlangabezana nezinguquko ezinkulu. Ngenxa yokuqhuma okukhulu kwentaba-mlilo, kanye nesikhathi lapho uMhlaba namaplanethi amaningi angaphakathi wesistimu yelanga, athola imithelela emikhulu evela kuma-asteroid amakhulu. Enye yazo kwakuyiNyanga elwa noMhlaba (esikhulume ngayo muva nje, ku izifiso zomhlaba, iphuzu 5).
Ubufakazi beHadic Aeon
I-Supracortical Belt evela e-Isua. Imivubukulo emidala kunayo yonke eyatholakala yakhona, itholakala eminyakeni eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-3.480
Ufuna amadwala amadala kakhulu, siya eGreenland, eCanada nase-Australia. Baneminyaka engama-4.400 billion ubudala. Amatshe aseHadic, atholakala emashumini eminyaka adlule ekhulu lama-XNUMX, angamaminerali e-zircon crystal ngamanye. Yize kungamaminerali amadala kunawo wonke aziwayo, futhi acashe ngokujulile abekwe ngaphansi kwezidumbu entshonalanga yeCanada nasendaweni yaseJack Hills entshonalanga ye-Australia, awazona ezakhelwe emadwaleni.
Amatshe amadala kunawo wonke lezo zaziwa kusukela kudala 3.800 izigidi zeminyaka. Okudala kakhulu okwaziwayo kuseGreenland, okwaziwa njenge "Ibhande elingaphezulu kwe-Isua". Ziguqulwa ngandlela thile yimikhumbi yentaba-mlilo eyangena emadwaleni ngemuva kokufakwa. Encwadini ethi "Conceptions on the origin of life" ebhalwe nguGeorge Sebastián González noMarcel Ciela Gutiérrez siyithola, ngemininingwane yezobuchwepheshe kodwa enomlingo kakhulu, omunye wemibuzo esihlale sizibuza yona. Iqala kuphi impilo? Futhi kukhona, ubufakazi bokuqala bokuqala, ebhande elingaphezulu kwe-Isua, eHadic Aeon.
Umsuka Wokuphila Emhlabeni
Iziduli zaseGreenland ziqukethe ukwakheka kwensimbi eboshiwe. Ekuqaleni bekukholelwa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi aqukethe i-organic carbon, ekhombisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ama-molecule okuqala aziphindayo aqala ukuba khona. Manje kunobufakazi bokuqala bokuthi impilo ivela ebhande le-Isua supracortical, kusuka eNtshonalanga Greenland, kanye naseziQhingini zase-Akilia, ezivela endaweni efanayo. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi, yize ubufakazi besayensi butholakala kuleyo ndawo, asinakukukhomba esikhathini esedlule. Khumbula ukuthi uMhlaba, hhayi nje owawusanda kwakhiwa, kepha ngemuva kokumiswa kwawo, ukuhamba kwamapuleti ezwekazi kwaqhubeka.
Ukwakheka kwamadwala okuyihlanganisayo kunokuhlungwa okungu -5,5 weCarbon (C) 13, C13. Lokhu kungenxa yendawo ethanda i-biotic ekhetha ukukhanya kwe-C12 isotope. I-C13 ku-biomass inokugxila kokungu -20 no-30, okungaphansi kakhulu kokugxila okutholakala ekwakhiweni kwamatshe. Kusuka kulezi zindlela kucatshangwa ukuthi impilo eplanethi yethu empeleni ingaqala ezigidini ezingama-3.850 ezedlule iminyaka, ekupheleni kwe-Hadon eon.
Ukuqala kwamanzi
Kucatshangwa ukuthi phakathi kwezinhlayiya okwakhiwa ngazo iplanethi, kufanele ukuthi kube nenani elithile lamanzi. Lawa ma-molecule bekungafanele anqotshwe amandla adonsela phansi, futhi ukusuka kule ndawo, ahlala ebusweni bawo. Ngemuva kokuthi iplanethi ifinyelele kuma-40% yokwakheka kwayoLezi zinhlayiya zamanzi, kanye nezinye ezinokushintshashintsha okukhulu, nazo kufanele zitholakale ngaphezulu, ngobuningi obukhulu kakhulu. Ukushoda kwamagesi amaningi amahle okwakumele aphunyuke, njenge-helium noma i-hydrogen, kuyamangaza. Lokhu kwaholela enkolelweni yokuthi kumele kwenzeke okuthile okuyinhlekelele emkhathini wokuqala. Phakathi kwemicabango, sinomqondo kaTheia, esixoxe ngawo kulokho indatshana yokugcina (iphuzu 5), kwanikezwa incazelo yokuthi kungani iNyanga ikhona kanjalo.
Umphumela wayo wokuguqula impilo
Iziphakamiso zendlela amanzi asebenza ngayo njengesihluthulelo zanikezwa nguLazcano noMiller ngonyaka we-1994. Bachaza ukuthi isixhumanisi sizonikezwa ngokusakazwa kwamanzi ngemfucumfucu yolwandle engaphansi kolwandle. Isikhathi esiphelele sokuphinda ujikeleze isikhathi singahlala iminyaka eyizigidi eziyi-10, kepha noma iyiphi into ephilayo ingacekelwa phansi emazingeni okushisa angaphezu kuka-300ºC. Ngakho-ke, ngemuva kwalapho kuphola kancane kancane, umzimba wakudala I-DNA-protein heterotroph ene-genome yama-kilobase ayi-100, kungathatha cishe iminyaka eyizigidi eziyi-7 ukuqeda ukuvela ku-genome ye-cyanobacterial enezakhi zofuzo eziyi-7.000.
Futhi kukhona esingakakusho, ukuthi mhlawumbe ngolunye usuku luzothola impendulo. Namuhla kusalokhu kuwumbuzo omkhulu okufanele uphendulwe. Impilo, ngokwaziwa kwayo, ingaba khona kuphela ngendlela yekhabhoni noma i-silicon. Kuleplanethi yethu, ikhona njengekhabhoni, hhayi i-silicon, owaziyo ukuthi mhlawumbe ikhona kwenye indawo. Kepha umbuzo uwukuthi ngempela, impilo ibingakhula kanjani uma kungenzeka ukuthi lokho kungenzeka bekungekho nhlobo?
Akunakugwenywa ukuthi uma sicabanga ngakho ebusuku, sibheka phezulu ezinkanyezini. Ukuvumela thina ukuthi sihlaselwe yimicabango emikhulu evelayo.
Ngemuva kwe-Hadic eon, i- I-Archaic eon. Uma unentshisekelo yokwazi ukuthi kuqhubeke kanjani, chofoza lapha.