Kunabantu abaningi abadida ifayela le- Isimo sezulu ezivamile kanye nemeteorology. Uma sikhuluma ngesimo sezulu sikhuluma ngawo wonke amaphethini okwehlukahluka kokuhlukahluka komkhathi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lezi zinto eziguquguqukayo zomkhathi ukushisa, umswakama, ingcindezi yasemkhathini, umbuso womoya, imisebe yelanga, njll. Isimo sezulu sivame ukuhlukaniswa kusukela esikhathini lapho esokuqala sibhekise ezimeni zesikhathi eside esifundeni. Isimo sezulu sibhekisa esikhathini esifushane.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela zonke izici, izinhlobo, izici nezinto zesimo sezulu.
Siyini isimo sezulu
Kubhekiswa kuwo wonke amaphethini okwehlukahluka kokuhlukahluka okuhlukile nezimo zezulu zezintshisekelo. Lezi zici zichazwe esifundeni esithile sendawo. Izifunda ezahlukahlukene zomhlaba zinesimo sezulu esihambisana futhi sinqunywa yizici zomzimba nobudlelwano obukhona phakathi kwalezi zinto. Lonke leli qoqo lamanani wokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu laziwa njengohlelo lwesimo sezulu. Lezi zinto zisebenza ngokuhlelekile nangokubuyisela esimweni sezulu esibi kakhulu.
Amaphuzu okusebenzisana kwesimo sezulu ami ngale ndlela elandelayo: umkhathi, i-hydrosphere, i-lithosphere, i-biosphere nokuthi yini i-biosphere. Ngasikhathi sinye, isimo sezulu sifundwa ngemibono eyahlukene yomlando ukuze kuqondwe zonke izinqubo zokwakheka nezentuthuko zeplanethi yethu. Inhloso enkulu ukwenza izibikezelo ezahlukahlukene nokuqonda izinqubo ezikhona zamandla asemkhathini.
Isimo sezulu siyinto ebalulekile ekuhleleni imisebenzi ehlukene yabantu. Ikakhulukazi inomthelela kuyo yonke leyo misebenzi yezomnotho yomuntu edinga izimo ezithile zemvelo. Enye yazo ezolimo. Izinguquko esimweni sezulu somhlaba njengoba zinjalo ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kanye nokufudumala kwembulunga yonke kungaba kubi kakhulu empilweni yomuntu.
Izinhlobo zezulu
Siyazi ukuthi kuya ngokuthi sikuphi nezimo zemvelo ezikhona manje kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zesimo sezulu. Isibonelo, esimweni sezulu sentaba amazinga okushisa ngokuvamile ayabanda. Kunenqwaba yamasu wokuhlukanisa isimo sezulu kusetshenziswa izitebhisi nezifundo ngalolu daba. Ukwahlukaniswa okulula kunakho konke ukubheka izinga lokushisa esimweni esithile sezulu. Ake sibone ukuthi yini umehluko ohlobo lwesimo sezulu kuye ngethempelesha:
- Isimo sezulu esifudumele: Yileyo ndawo eletha amazinga okushisa aphakeme njalo. Lapha sithola isimo sezulu esisenkabazwe, esishisayo, esomile, esiwugwadule nesiwugwadule. Kulezi zimo zezulu kunezindawo zemvelo ezinokuhlukahluka okuncane kanti ezinye zinokuhlukahluka okuningi. Futhi ukuphela kokuguquguquka okuthonya ukuba khona kwempilo akukhona ukushisa. Isibonelo, ezindaweni ezishisayo kunenqwaba yezitshalo nezilwane ngoba imvula iningi.
- Isimo sezulu esipholile: luhlobo lwesimo sezulu esiphakathi nendawo phakathi kokushisa nokubanda. Inokuhlukahluka okubalulekile ngokwesizini kanye nokwehluka okuningi kwesimo sezulu. Lapha sithola indawo eshisayo enomswakama, iMedithera, i-oceanic kanye nezwekazi.
- Isimo sezulu esibandayo: Yilapho amazinga okushisa aphansi kakhulu atholakala unyaka wonke. Bajwayele ukuba nezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezinikezwe izimo ezingezinhle ezingakuvumeli ukuthuthukiswa kwezimila nezilwane. Sinesimo sezulu se-polar, sentaba noma se-tundra.
Izimo zezulu
I-Climatology yakhiwe ngochungechunge lwezinto ezivame ukukalwa futhi zihlolwe unyaka wonke ukuthola izimo zemvelo zesifunda. Sizobona ukuthi iziphi izakhi eziyinhloko ezifundwayo zahlolwa ukuze zikwazi ukukhipha ukubikezela kwesikhathi eside:
- Ithempelesha yegumbi: izinga lokushisa noma ukubanda okuvame ukubakhona emoyeni womoya wesifunda. Izinga lokushisa liyakhuphuka noma livikele ngokuya ngenani lemisebe yelanga ethinta indawo ethile.
- Ingcindezi Atmospheric: Ingcindezi yasemkhathini ichazwa njengesisindo somoya osemkhathini. Yingcindezi eyenza isenzo kuzo zonke izinkomba kumoya womoya okhona emoyeni wesifunda. Kungokunye kokuguquguqukayo okuthinta kakhulu ezinye izinto zesimo sezulu ngenxa yamandla womkhathi.
- Imimoya: umbuso womoya empeleni ungenxa yokuhluka kwengcindezi emoyeni. Futhi ngukuthi lezi zinguquko kwingcindezi yasemkhathini zidala ukufuduka kwenqwaba yomoya esiyazi ngegama lomoya. Lokhu kuhamba kwenqwaba yomoya kuvumela ukwabiwa kwawo wonke amandla nokushisa ngokulinganayo endaweni.
- Umswakama: yizinga lomhwamuko wamanzi okhona emkhathini. Ingxenye yomjikelezo we-hydrological kulapho amanzi esesimweni somusi futhi umoya uhlala kuze kube yilapho izimo zemvelo ziguquka.
- Ukuzikisa: ubuningi bomphunga wamanzi emkhathini buholela ekufinyeleleni kwawo ekwakhekeni kwamafu. Amafu asuswa indawo ngumoya futhi lapho efika kusayizi othize, amaconsi amanzi awela ngaphansi kwesisindo sawo.
Izinto
Kunezici ezithile ezibalulekile ekunqumeni isimo sezulu sesifunda. Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi ezibaluleke kakhulu:
- Ububanzi: yindawo yendawo yesifunda esithile. Ukushisa komoya kanye nokuvela kwemisebe yelanga kuthonya kakhulu. Kungenxa yobubanzi lapho izinkathi zonyaka zingachazwa kahle. Futhi ukuthi izinga lokushisa lixhomeke ebangeni lokuthambekela kokuthambekela kwemisebe yelanga.
- Ukuphakama: i-gradient ezishisayo yemvelo iyinto ebalulekile ehluka ngokuya phezulu. Akufani ukuqhathanisa izinga lokushisa olwandle kunokuphakama okuthile. Imvamisa, inani le-gradient ezishisayo yemvelo lingama-degree ama-3 ngamamitha ayi-100. Okusho ukuthi, njengoba sikhuphuka phezulu, amazinga okushisa ancipha. Kanjalo nengcindezi yasemkhathini.
- Imisinga ye-Ocean: ukunyakaza kwamanzi olwandle kunesibopho sokusabalalisa kabusha ukushisa namakhaza emhlabeni wonke.
- Ibanga ukusuka olwandle: ukusondela ogwini olukude noma imizimba emikhulu yamanzi nakho kunquma inani lomswakama okhona emoyeni.
- Nciphisa: Ukuqondiswa kobuso bendawo yokwakheka komhlaba kungenza indawo ijwayele ukomiswa noma umswakama ophezulu.
- Isiqondiso somoya: izindimbane zomoya ziyahamba futhi zivumela umoya oshisayo nobandayo ukuthi usabalale ezifundeni ezahlukahlukene.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngokuthi siyini isimo sezulu nokuthi yiziphi izinto ezibalulekile ezinomthelela kuso.