Ku-geology singabona ukwakheka okuhlukile okuzobangelwa ezinye izinqubo zokwakheka komhlaba. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngokuthi yini a i-canchal. Kuwukuqoqwa kwemfucumfucu etholakala phansi kwezintaba. Singazithola nasemathafeni athile.
Kulesi sihloko sizokhuluma ngezici zesikwele nokuthi sakhiwa kanjani.
Yini iscree
Kungukuqongelela imfucumfucu, okungukuthi, amatshe amancane ahlukaniswe nesiqongo sentaba. Ukwakheka kwesikwele kungenxa yesimo sezulu sezinsika zezintaba. Isimo sezulu singenzeka ngenxa yomoya owedlulele, ukuguquka okungazelelwe kokushisa, ukubanda nokuncibilika, kanye nezinguquko ekucindezelekeni. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi amadwala ayaqhekeka futhi akhubazeka, ngendlela yokuthi agcine esehlukanisiwe futhi awe phansi emthambekeni.
Ukuqoqwa kwamadwala amancane ahlukaniswe inqubo yesimo sezulu yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi yi-scree. AmaScots atholakala kakhulu ezindaweni ezinezintaba. Lapho amazinga okushisa endaweni enezintaba eqhubeka ehla ngaphansi kuka-zero (lokhu kwenzeka kaningi ebusika), amaconsi emvula amancane anqwabelana ekudleni kwamatshe enza inqubo yokuqandisa. Iqhwa linomthamo omkhulu kunamanzi awuketshezi, ngakho-ke lidala ukuthi ukudla kwamatshe kukhule ngosayizi. Ngokusobala, le nqubo ithatha iminyaka neminyaka.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi nokwenza kwe-gelling, ukuqhekeka kwamadwala kukhula kuze kube kudala ukuthi idwala lifakwe izingcezu ezincane ngeqiniso elilula lesenzo samanye ama-meteorological agents njengokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa. Phakathi kwemini nobusuku.
Lezi zindawo ezinamatshe ngokuvamile zihamba. Akunanoma yimuphi umhlabathi lapho bekwazi ukuzinza khona, ngakho-ke bavame ukunyakaza futhi baqhubeke nokuhlala ezingcezwini ezincane ezinamadwala. Imvamisa, singasithola isikhala lapho izindawo ezishisayo ziphakeme impela, ukuphakama okukhulu nezimbali zivame ukuba nezici ezinjengezimpande ezinde, eduze komhlaba noma amaqabunga amnandi.
Kwakhiwa kanjani iscree
Inqubo okwenziwa ngayo i-scree ngesimo sezulu. Isimo sezulu yinqubo amadwala abola ngayo futhi ahlukane ngenxa yomzimba womzimba, wamakhemikhali nowasemkhathini. Yize ngezinga elincane, izinto eziphilayo nazo zibambe iqhaza.
Amatshe athintekayo ngenxa yesimo sezulu atholakala noma eduze komhlaba. Lawa matshe abola abe izingcezu ezahlukahlukene futhi ancibilike akhe amaminerali amasha. Ukuguguleka okusiza ukususa nokuhambisa amadwala aqhekekile. Inqubo yesimo sezulu yilokho okusiza isenzo sokuguguleka endaweni.
Izinhlobo zezulu
Isimo sezulu somzimba
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zezulu futhi ngayinye isebenza ngendlela ehlukile. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, Isimo sezulu sezulu siyimbangela yokuwohloka kwedwala. Kodwa-ke, leli khefu aliguquli ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali noma kwe-mineralogical kwedwala. Idwala limane nje liyabhidlika bese kwakheka amadwala amancane. Njengoba ukuguguleka kwesisindo kuncane, kusebenza ngamandla amakhulu futhi nenqwaba yezinhlayiya ingahanjiswa. Izici ezibonakalayo zizolungiswa, kepha amakhemikhali ahlala ekhona. Lesi simo sezulu esibi sizodalwa abanye bezinto zemvelo njengokusebenza kwamanzi, ushintsho ekushiseni, usawoti, phakathi kwabanye.
Lesi simo sezulu sezulu akumele senzeke phezulu. Kungenzeka ngokuncipha okukhiqizwa yilawo madwala akhiwe ngokujula okukhulu futhi abekhuphukela phezulu. Lezi zinguquko zengcindezi yizo ezikhiqiza ukwanda kwedwala, ngakho-ke, ukwakheka kwalo okuqhekezayo.
Olunye uhlobo lwesimo sezulu esibonakalayo lwaziwa njenge i-thermoclasty. Lezi yimifantu eyakheka phezu kwamatshe ngenxa yokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa. Emini idwala liyashisa futhi liyanda futhi ebusuku liyaphola futhi livumelane. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, idwala ligcina liphuka. Lesi simo sezulu singesinye esivame kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ze-amplitude enkulu yokushisa efana nezingwadule. Amadwala e-Granite nawo angabhekana nesimo sezulu se-thermoclastic. Lawa matshe athola imisebe yelanga ezingxenyeni ezingaphezulu zegranite, ngakho-ke izinga lokushisa liyakhuphuka futhi landise kuphela amasentimitha ambalwa ukusuka kobuso bawo. Njengoba zipholile, ziyahlukana nedwala lonke, yingakho zibizwa ngokuthi yi-exfoliation emabhola.
IHaloclasty olunye uhlobo lwesimo sezulu esenzeka ngenxa yemiphumela kasawoti ofakiwe ezigxotsheni zedwala nange-crystallization yalo elandelayo. Lapho idwala likhanyisa ivolumu yalo iyanda. Ngale ndlela, ingcindezi engaphakathi kwamatshe iyanda, njengoba kwenzeka nge-gelling, futhi ibangela ukuthi izingcezwana ezincane ziqhekeke. Amadwala ahlupheke ngalolu hlobo lwesimo sezulu ngokomzimba anesimo se-angled futhi mancane ngosayizi, ngakho-ke ukuguguleka kusebenza ngendlela eqinile.
Isimo sezulu samakhemikhali nesezinto eziphilayo
Isimo sezulu samakhemikhali yilokho okwenzekayo lapho idwala liguqula ukwakheka kwalo kwamakhemikhali ngumenzeli wangaphandle. Isibonelo, amadwala e-limestone yiwona athinteka kakhulu isenzo semvula. Imvula ine-carbon dioxide okuthi uma ingena edwaleni le-limestone, yakhe lokho okwaziwa ngokuthi i-calcite. I-calcium carbonate equkethwe yidwala le-limestone ixubeka ne-carbon dioxide ukwakha i-calcite. Ngenxa yalokhu kusabela kwamakhemikhali kuzoba ukwakheka okufana nakho ama-stalactites nama-stalagmites.
Okokugcina, sikhuluma ngesimo sezulu sezulu. Imayelana nomthelela odalwe isenzo sezinto eziphilayo eziseduze kwedwala. Isibonelo izibungu, izibungu, izinambuzane, njll. Isenzo salezi zinto eziphilayo siqhekeza idwala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Nganoma yisiphi salezi zizathu, kungakhiwa i-scree. Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngenkambu.