Iso lasogwadule iSahara

sahara desert iso

Siyazi ukuthi iplanethi yethu igcwele ilukuluku nezindawo ezingaphezu kwezinganekwane. Enye yezindawo ezidonsela ukunaka kososayensi yi- sahara desert iso. Yindawo emaphakathi ogwadule engabonakala emkhathini ngendlela efana neso.

Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela konke okwaziwayo ngeso logwadule lwaseSahara, umsuka walo nezici zalo.

Iso logwadule lwaseSahara

sahara desert iso esibhakabhakeni

Eyaziwa emhlabeni wonke njenge "Eye of the Sahara" noma "Iso Lenkunzi", isakhiwo se-Richat siyisici esinelukuluku lendawo esitholakala ogwadule lwaseSahara eduze kwedolobha lase-Udane, eMauritania, e-Afrika. Ukucacisa, ukuma "kweso" kungaziswa ngokugcwele emkhathini.

Isakhiwo esingamakhilomitha angama-50, esakhiwe ngemigqa emise okwe-spiral, satholwa ehlobo lika-1965 osomkhathi be-NASA u-James McDivit no-Edward White ngesikhathi sohambo lwasemkhathini olubizwa nge-Gemini 4.

Imvelaphi yeso Le-Sahara ayiqinisekile. I-hypothesis yokuqala yaphakamisa ukuthi kungenxa yomthelela we-meteorite, ongachaza ukuma kwayo okuyisiyingi. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo lwakamuva luphakamisa ukuthi kungase kube isakhiwo esilinganayo se-anticlinal dome eyakhiwe ukuguguleka phakathi kwezigidi zeminyaka.

I-Eye of the Sahara iyingqayizivele emhlabeni ngoba iphakathi nogwadule kungekho lutho oluzungezile.Enkabeni yeso kukhona amatshe e-Proterozoic (kusukela eminyakeni eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-2.500 kuya ku-542 million edlule). Ngaphandle kwesakhiwo, amadwala asukela esikhathini se-Ordovician (eqala cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingu-485 edlule futhi yaphela cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingu-444 edlule).

Ukwakheka okuncane kunakho konke kusendaweni ekude kakhulu, kuyilapho ukwakheka okudala kunakho konke kumaphakathi nedome. Kuso sonke isifunda kunezinhlobo eziningana zamadwala njenge-volcanic rhyolite, i-igneous rock, i-carbonatite ne-kimberlite.

Umsuka weso kusukela ogwadule lwaseSahara

izimfihlakalo sahara

Iso Le-Sahara libheka ngqo emkhathini. Inobubanzi obungamamitha angaba ngu-50.000 futhi izazi zezwe kanye nezazi zezinkanyezi ziyavuma ukuthi "indlela engavamile" yokwakheka komhlaba. Abanye ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi kwakheka ngemva kokushayisana kwesibhakabhaka esikhulukazi. Nokho, abanye bakholelwa ukuthi kuhlobene nokuguguleka komkhathi ngenxa yomoya.

Itholakala enyakatho-ntshonalanga yeMauritania, emaphethelweni asentshonalanga ye-Afrika, okumangazayo ngempela ukuthi ineziyingi ezigxile ngaphakathi. Kuze kube manje, yilokhu okwaziwayo mayelana ne-anomalies ye-crustal.

Ukuzungeza Kweso LeSahara kunamahemuhemu okuphawula umkhondo wedolobha lasendulo elalahleka. Abanye, bethembekile embonweni wozungu, bayaqinisekisa ukuthi iyingxenye yesakhiwo esikhulu sangaphandle komhlaba. Uma bungekho ubufakazi obuqinile, yonke le mibono ihlehliselwe endaweni yokuqagela kwesayensi mbumbulu.

Eqinisweni, Igama elisemthethweni lalolu hlobo lomhlaba lithi "Richat Structure". Ukuba khona kwayo kubhalwe phansi kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1960, lapho osomkhathi beNASA Gemini beyisebenzisa njengendawo eyinkomba. Ngaleso sikhathi, kwakucatshangwa ukuthi kwakuwumphumela womthelela omkhulu we-asteroid.

Nokho, namuhla sinolunye ukwaziswa: "Isici sokwakheka komhlaba esiyindilinga kukholakala ukuthi siwumphumela we-dome ephakanyisiwe (ehlukaniswa izazi zesayensi yokwakheka komhlaba njenge-anticline evalekile) eye yaguguleka, yadalula ukwakheka kwamadwala ayisicaba," kwabhala i-ejensi yasemkhathini efanayo. Ukusampula kwenhlabathi endaweni kukhombisa ukuthi yakheka eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingama-542 edlule. Ngokusho kwe-IFL Science, lokhu kuzokubeka enkathini ye-Late Proterozoic, lapho inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi ukugoqa kwenzeka lapho "amandla e-tectonic ecindezela idwala le-sedimentary." Ngakho-ke i-anticline ye-symmetrical yakhiwa, iyenza ibe yindilinga.

Ivelaphi imibala yezakhiwo?

indawo engavamile ye-geological

I-Eye of the Sahara ifundwe kabanzi ngamagatsha ahlukene esayensi. Eqinisweni, ucwaningo lwango-2014 olwanyatheliswa kuyi-African Journal of Geosciences lubonise lokho Isakhiwo seRichat akuwona umkhiqizo we-plate tectonics. Kunalokho, abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi idome lakhushulelwa phezulu ukuba khona kwedwala lentaba-mlilo elincibilikisiwe.

Ososayensi bachaza ukuthi ngaphambi kokuba liguguleke, amasongo angabonakala phezulu namuhla akhiwa. Ngenxa yobudala bomjikelezo, kungenzeka ukuthi kwaba umkhiqizo wokuhlukana kwePangea: i-supercontinent eyaholela ekusabalaleni kwamanje koMhlaba.

Ngokuqondene namaphethini ombala angabonakala ebusweni besakhiwo, abacwaningi bayavuma ukuthi lokhu kuhlobene nohlobo lwedwala elivela ekugugulekeni. Phakathi kwazo, i-rhyolite ehlanjululwe kahle kanye ne-coarse-grained gabbro iyagqama, eye yashintsha i-hydrothermal. Ngakho-ke, Iso Le-Sahara alinayo "iris" ebumbene.

Kungani ihlotshaniswa nedolobha elilahlekile lase-Atlantis?

Lesi siqhingi sasenganekwaneni sivela emibhalweni yesazi sefilosofi esingumGreki esidumile uPlato futhi sichazwa njengamandla ezempi angenakulinganiswa ayekhona ezinkulungwaneni zeminyaka ngaphambi kokuba khona kukaSolon, umniki-mthetho wase-Athene, ngokusho kwalesi sefilosofi uSolon ungumthombo womlando.

Uma sicabangela imibhalo kaPlato ngale ndaba, akumangalisi ukuthi abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi leli "so" livela komunye umhlaba futhi kungase kube nokuthile kokwenza ekupheleni kwezigidi zama-Atlanteans. Esinye sezizathu ezenza ukuthi iso lingatholakali isikhathi eside ukuthi likwenye yezindawo ezingemnandi kakhulu emhlabeni.

Njengoba wawuyingqopha-mlando futhi umangaza njengoba wawunjalo umfanekiso ka-Plato we-Atlantis, abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi wayenwaya phezulu kuphela. U-Plato uchaze i-Atlantis njengemibuthano emikhulu egxilile eshintshana phakathi komhlaba namanzi, efana ne "Eye of the Sahara" esiyibona namuhla. Lokhu bekungaba impucuko ecebile eyabeka isisekelo sesibonelo sase-Athene sentando yeningi, umphakathi ocebile ngegolide, isiliva, ithusi, nezinye izinsimbi namatshe ayigugu.

Umholi wabo, I-Atlantis, ngabe ungumholi ezifundweni, kwezokwakha, ezolimo, ezobuchwepheshe, ezinhlobonhlobo kanye nokunika amandla ngokomoya, amandla akhe asolwandle nezempi ayengenakuqhathaniswa kulezi zici, Amakhosi ase-Atlantis abusa ngegunya elidlulele.

Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana neso logwadule lwaseSahara nezici zalo.


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  1. Ubhekele imininingwane: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.