Yini ipoljé

IPoljé de Zafarraya

Ngaphakathi esikubizayo ukukhululeka kwekarst sinezinto ezithile ezithokozisayo okufanele sizazi. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngakho polje. Kuyisinki enkulu evame ukwakheka kwesigodi esivulekile futhi inemikhawulo engajwayelekile. Isisekelo se-massif sakhiwa yidwala le-karst.

Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela zonke izici ze-poljé nokubaluleka kwayo ku-geomorphology yendawo.

Yini ipoljé

karst ukwakheka kokuma komhlaba

Le poljé iyindawo yokuhlala encane eyakha isigodi futhi okuphansi kwayo kuyisicaba. Yakhiwe ngedwala le-karst futhi inemiphetho emaweni lapho idwala le-limestone livame ukuqhuma khona. Ukuze ukwazi ukukhipha amanzi aqoqekayo ngenxa yemvula, ipoljé imvamisa iba nesiga. Amanzi avamise ukuwela emfuleni onyamalala ngalesi sinki bese wenza amanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Ngenxa yalokhu kugeleza kwamanzi ngendlela eya ngaphansi komhlaba, ukwakheka okufana ne- ama-stalactites nama-stalagmites.

Lokhu kwakhiwa kungakhukhula okwesikhashana noma unomphela ngokuya ngombuso wemvula. Uma kugcwala izikhukhula unomphela, kungaba yichibi njengoba amanzi anqwabelene edlula umthamo wamanzi okusinki kanye nokudla kwamatshe amatshe e-limestone. Yilapho izinga lamanzi likhuphukela ezingeni lokwakha ichibi.

Ingaphansi lepoljé liyisicaba futhi lakhiwe ngobumba oluqhamuka ekudalweni kwamatshe amatshe omcako. Lo bumba waziwa ngegama le-terra rossa. Ngenxa yokwakhiwa kwalolu hlobo lobumba, kungashiwo ukuthi izigodi ezakhiwe ngokuwa kwepoljé zivundile kakhulu. Le nhlabathi ithola zonke izinhlobo zenhlabathi ezihlangana ngesikhathi esisodwa ngenxa yokudangala.

Ukubaluleka kwezidalwa ku-poljé

IPoljé de la Nava

Inhlabathi inqubo lapho izinto eziqinile zihanjiswa ngamanzi noma imisinga yomoya bese ibekwa ezansi echibini, emfuleni noma emseleni wokufakelwa. Imvamisa lezi zidalwa ziyanqamuka ngesenzo samandla adonsela phansi. Ngokuya ngosayizi, zingamiswa noma zihlanjululwe emanzini. Okusinda kakhulu kungadonswa kodwa badinga imisinga yamanzi eqinile noma umoya ongapheli.

Endabeni yenhlabathi ethuthwa emhlabeni, singasho ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezintathu zezokuthutha. Ukukhasa Luhlobo lwezokuthutha ezihamba ngalo izisekelo ezinkulu kakhulu. Ngemuva kwalokho sinefayela le- usawoti. Kuyinqubo yokuhambisa lapho inzika yenza ukweqa okuncane ngenxa yamandla omoya wamanje noma amanzi. Okwezidumbu ezincane kukhona ukumiswa emanzini nasemoyeni nasekuqothulweni emanzini kuphela. Sithola nokuthamba kulezo zidalwa ezingaminyene kakhulu kunamanzi. Isibonelo, isiqeshana sesiqu somuthi noma igatsha singantanta emanzini omfula bese siyiswa ekugcineni emlonyeni.

Cishe noma yikuphi ukugeleza kwamanzi kungakhathalekile ukugeleza kwawo, isivinini nokuma kwawo kunamandla okuhambisa ukumiswa kwento eqinile. Le nto, esekulengisweni, incipha kancane kancane ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi ize ifike ezansi. Uma isiteshi samanzi sishesha, singaba nomthelela ekugugulekeni osebeni lomfula noma phansi kwesiteshi. Lapho izinga lamanzi lincipha, zonke izinsalela eziye ezansi futhi ezinokuzala okukhulu ziza phezulu. Ngakho-ke, inhlabathi ye-poljé ivame ukuba namandla amakhulu okuyihlakulela.

Izimo eziningi ze-sedimentation zikhiqizwa ngumphumela wamandla adonsela phansi. Ngenkathi izenzakalo ezikhukhulayo zigcwele ezindaweni eziphakeme kakhulu zeplanethi yethu njengezintaba, ezindaweni ezicindezeleke kakhulu kunesibalo esikhulu sezinto zokubola. Lezi zikhala ze lithosphere lapho inqwaba inqwabelana khona ngobuningi ibizwa ngokuthi izitsha zamanzi.

I-poljé yeZafarraya

Polje

Enye ye-poljé esiseduzane nalapho singaqinisekisa khona konke esikuphawulile kuse-poljé de Zafarraya. Itholakala kokunye okubaluleke kakhulu kwe-endorheic yemvelaphi ye-karst e-Peninsula yase-Iberia. Isimo sezulu lapho le polje yakhe khona yiMedithera yezwekazi elipholile. Kulezi zindawo, imvula yaminyaka yonke icishe ibe yi-1000 mm. Kwesinye isikhathi kuphakamisa izikhukhula ngokuya ngamandla afanayo. Inhlabathi ingeyohlobo lwe-calcareous fluvisol futhi kunomsebenzi omkhulu wezolimo oniselwayo.

Umthamo omkhulu onawo wokulima lezi zindawo kungenxa yokuhudula nokuqongelela kwezidalwa ezibangelwe ukudangala nenkambo yamanzi. Imikhawulo ye-poljé de Zafarraya yiSierra Tejeda neSierra Gorda. Kuleli dolobha kunomugqa ohlukanisa izifundazwe zaseMalaga naseGranada ezihlangene nesifunda sase-Axarquia. Ngenxa yokuzala kwenhlabathi eyakhiwe yi-poljé, ukufuya imfuyo kungasetshenziswa futhi njengomthombo oyinhloko.

Kule ndawo sithola amathafa aseZafarraya, aziwa ngokuba yisigodi esibanzi esingamakhilomitha angaba yishumi. Kokubili amanzi emvula nalawo aqoqwa yimifula angaphansi kwe-Almijara, Tejeda ne-Alhama Natural Park. Indawo yemvelo yamanzi itholakala komunye wemigodi emikhulu eyaziwa kakhulu etholakala emazweni aseLoja naseMarchamonas. Lapho amanzi efinyelela kulesi sinki ulahleka ngaphansi komhlaba. Kucatshangwa ukuthi lokhu kungenxa yenala yemithombo nemithombo yamanzi ebonwa kumasipala waseLoja.

Uma kungenjalo ngalesi sinki esingaphansi komhlaba, yonke indawo ibingahlala ingaphansi kwamanzi, yakhe ichibi elikhulu. Kwezinye izikhathi, lapho imvula idlula umthamo wamasinki wokukhipha amanzi, kwakheka amachibi amancane. Lokhu kunqwabelana kwamanzi nomswakama obekuyisici esihle sokwakheka kwenhlabathi ekahle kwezolimo. Ngenxa yokwanda kwezolimo kulezi zindawo, itafula lamanzi liyancipha ngokusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwemithombo yamanzi.

Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngokuthi iyini ipoljé nokuthi ibaluleke kangakanani.


Yiba ngowokuqala ukuphawula

Shiya umbono wakho

Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

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  1. Ubhekele imininingwane: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.