Impela bake bakuchazele isizathu sezinkathi. Okuhlukile ukunyakaza komhlaba abangela amazinga okushisa nezinye izimo zezulu nezimo zezulu ukuthi zishintshe futhi ziguqule izinkathi zonyaka. Ngesikhathi sokunyakaza kokuhumusha koMhlaba uzungeze iLanga, unamaphuzu ambalwa abalulekile adala izinhlwa zasehlobo nezasebusika. Lawo maphuzu yiwona perihelion futhi aphelion.
Kule ndatshana, sizokwethula imisebenzi ehlukene i-aphelion ne-perihelion ezinayo ezinhlelweni ezibalulekile zeplanethi. Ngabe ufuna ukwazi kabanzi ngayo?
Ibhalansi yomhlaba
Ukunyakaza kokuhumusha koMhlaba kwenzeka ngasikhathi sinye naleso sokujikeleza. Okungukuthi, njengoba izinsuku nobusuku zenzeka, uMhlaba uhamba ngokujikeleza kwawo ku Uhlelo lomkhathi ize yenze inguquko ephelele ezungeze iLanga. Njengoba sesazi, lokhu kubuya kuthatha cishe izinsuku ezingama-365, okuwunyaka wekhalenda kithi.
Phakathi nale nhlangano yokuhumusha, uMhlaba udlula emaphuzwini abalulekile ambalwa asiza ibhalansi yomhlaba. Lezi yi-perihelion ne-aphelion. La maphuzu amabili anesibopho sokusungula ukulingana okuqondile entuthukweni yemvelo ebaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni.
Iphuzu lokuqala esizolichaza kuzoba yi-aphelion. Yilapho iphuzu lapho uMhlaba usekude kakhulu neLanga.Kuyinto evamile ukucabanga ukuthi, njengoba sisekude kakhulu, sizoba nokushisa okuncane futhi, ngakho-ke, lokhu kuzokwenzeka ngenkathi yasebusika . Noma kunjalo, kuphambene impela. Lapho uMhlaba udlula e-aphelion, ijubane elihamba ngalo lihamba kancane futhi imisebe yelanga ifika ibheke kakhulu eMhlabeni. Lokhu kuyimbangela ye- I-Summer Solstice.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, lapho uMhlaba use-perihelion, kulapho usesimweni esiseduze neLanga futhi ijubane lawo landa. Isivinini esiphezulu sokunyakaza kokuhumusha senzeka e-perihelion. Ngalesi sikhathi iphuzu le- solstice ebusika futhi isizathu sokubanda kwayo ukuthambekela imisebe yelanga efinyelela ngayo enyakatho Nenkabazwe.
Izinqubo zePerihelion ne-aphelion
Umsebenzi oyisisekelo wala maphuzu amabili ukusungula ibhalansi yamazinga okushisa avumela ukushisa namakhaza ukuthi ajikeleze unyaka wonke. Ibhalansi yamandla asemhlabeni iyisihluthulelo ekugcineni ukusebenza kwezinhlelo zemvelo kanye nokulingana kwemvelo. Ukube besihlala siqongelela ukushisa njalo, amazinga okushisa ebengayeki ukukhuphuka futhi nomhlaba ubungeke uhlale. Kwenzeka okufanayo uma kuphambene nje.
Kuzo zonke lezi zizathu, ubukhona balawo maphuzu aqala ngaphambi nangemva kokushintshashintsha kokuhlukahluka komhlaba okuhlukahlukene kuyadingeka. I-aphelion ibhekwa njengendawo yokuqala lapho ijubane lokuhumusha kweplanethi lincane. I-aphelion yenzeka cishe ngomhlaka 4 kuJulayi. CLapho uMhlaba utholakala kuleli qophelo, kungamakhilomitha ayizigidi eziyi-152.10 ukusuka eLangeni.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, lapho uMhlaba use-perihelion, inqubo eyenzeka cishe ngoJanuwari 4, yilapho izobe isiseduze neLanga. Kulapha lapho itholakala khona ngamakhilomitha ayizigidi eziyi-147.09. Yize kulesi simo sikude neLanga, akusho ukuthi kuyabanda. Njengoba uMhlaba une-eksisi yokuthambekela kwama-23 °, izinkathi ezifanayo azivami njalo. ENyakatho Nenkabazwe, ubusika benzeka ezinyangeni zikaDisemba, uJanuwari noFebhuwari. Kodwa-ke, eningizimu yezwe kwenzeka ezinyangeni zikaJuni, Julayi noJulayi.
Ngamanye amagama, izinyanga zethu ziyashisa, ngoba amazwe aseningizimu yenkabazwe ayabanda. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthambekela imisebe yeLanga ekhomba ngayo ebusweni bomhlaba. Lapho kuthambekela ngokwengeziwe, kuba kubanda.
Imithetho Kepler sika
Ngenxa yemithetho kaKepler, kungachazwa ukusebenza kwala maphuzu ekuhambeni komhlaba. UJohannes Kepler wayengusonkanyezi waseJalimane lokho kwaveza uchungechunge lwemithetho ezokwenza lula ukuqonda ukuhamba kwamaplanethi. Wenze izibalo ezahlukahlukene ezazikhombisa ama-trajectories nokungafani phakathi kwawo.
Le mithetho ibilusizo olukhulu futhi ichaza ngokujule izisekelo eziningi ezibalulekile ezinqubweni ezenzeka ngesikhathi se-perihelion ne-aphelion. Sizohlaziya imithetho emithathu kaKepler.
Umthetho wokuqala, izizumbulu
Imizila yamaplanethi weSolar System inesimo esiyindilinga. Ngakho-ke, kunalawa maphuzu amabili abonisa ubude nobuncane bebanga leplanethi maqondana neLanga.
Umthetho wesibili, Umthetho Wezindawo
Lo mthetho ubhekise esivinini se-orbital seplanethi. Iveza ukwehluka okuphathelene nebanga ukusuka eLangeni. Ijubane liphezulu e-perihelion futhi lincane e-aphelion. Lapho iplanethi idlula endaweni ekude kakhulu yeLanga, ilahlekelwa amandla ayo okuhamba ngoba ukudonsa kwamandla adonsela phansi kuncane. Kodwa-ke, leyo nhlangano efanayo yokuhumusha ibizwa njengoba ukusondela kweLanga kukhulu.
Konke lokhu kunomthelela ebangeni lezinsuku nobusuku nesikhathi esithathayo ukwehlisa esigabeni esisodwa nakwesinye.
Umthetho wesithathu, umthetho weHarmonic
Lo mthetho ubheka izinkathi zemizila eseceleni yamaplanethi. Yilapho ubukhulu bamabanga amaphakathi ukuya eLangeni bumiswa khona. Okusho ukuthi, isikhathi esingemuva kweplanethi silinganiswa ngokuqhathaniswa nezinkanyezi futhi siyalinganiswa ngesikhathi esidlulile phakathi kwezindima ezilandelanayo zeLanga ngohlobo lwe-meridian olusungulwa yinkanyezi.
Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, la maphuzu abaluleke kakhulu kubhalansi yoMhlaba nezinkathi zonyaka. Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi nge-aphelion ne-perihelion.
ulwazi oluthakazelisayo, kuwusizo kakhulu ukuqonda izimo zeplanethi yethu, iplanethi esiyiphatha kabi ngenxa yokungabi nasibopho nokungazi; Ngifuna nje ukuphakamisa ukuthi ngikhulume ngeTropics of Cancer neCapricorn. Ngibona kakhulu.
Umthetho wesithathu ka-Kepler awuzange ubekwe, okhombisa isikwele sesikhathi somhlaba ngamunye, ulingana nekhiyubhu () ye-semi-major axis efanayo.