El ozone (O3) i-molecule eyakhiwe ama-athomu amathathu omoya-mpilo. Kwakheka lapho amangqamuzana omoya-mpilo ejabula ngokwanele ukuba ahlehlele emazingeni amabili ahlukene wamandla omoya-mpilo we-athomu, futhi ukungqubuzana phakathi kwama-athomu ahlukene kuyimbangela ye-ozone. Kuyi-allotrope yomoya-mpilo, okungukuthi, kuwumphumela wokuhlelwa kabusha kwama-athomu omoya-mpilo lapho ama-molecule ekhishwa. Ngakho-ke, iwuhlobo olusebenza kakhulu lomoya-mpilo.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela konke okudingeka ukwazi mayelana ne-ozone, izici zayo kanye nokubaluleka kokuphila.
Yini i-ozone
I-ozone iyinhlanganisela yegesi enombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Kusimo se-liquid, Iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka e-indigo emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kuka-115ºC.Empeleni, i-ozone i-oxidizing kakhulu, ngakho-ke inesibopho sokubulala amagciwane, ukuhlanza nokuqeda ama-microorganisms we-pathogenic, afana namagciwane, amagciwane, isikhunta, isikhunta, izinhlamvu, njll.
I-ozone ingakwazi ukuqeda iphunga elibi ngokuhlasela ngokuqondile imbangela yephunga elibi (into enukayo) futhi ayifaki nanoma yimaphi amanye amaphunga njengama-air fresheners ukuzama ukulivala. Ngokungafani nezinye izibulala-magciwane, i-ozone iyigesi engazinzile ezobola ngokushesha ibe umoya-mpilo ngaphansi kwesenzo sokukhanya, ukushisa, ukushaqeka kwe-electrostatic, njll.., ngakho-ke ngeke ishiye izinsalela zamakhemikhali.
I-Ozonization yinoma yikuphi ukwelashwa okusebenzisa i-ozone. Izicelo eziyinhloko zalokhu kwelashwa ukukhishwa kwamagciwane kwemvelo kanye nokuqeda iphunga nokwelashwa nokuhlanzwa kwamanzi. Ngale ndlela, ama-microorganisms we-pathogenic kanye nephunga angaqedwa.
I-ozone ingakhiqizwa ngokuzenzekelayo yi-generator ye-ozone noma i-generator ye-ozone. Lawa madivaysi adonsa umoya-mpilo emoyeni uye ngaphakathi futhi akhiphe ukukhishwa kwamandla kagesi kuwo wonke ama-electrode (okuthiwa "umphumela we-corona"). Lokhu kulanda ihlukanisa ama-athomu amabili akha izinhlayiya zomoya-mpilo, yona ehlanganisa amathathu noma amathathu alawa ma-athomu akhe i-molecule entsha ebizwa ngokuthi i-ozone (O3).
Ngakho-ke, i-ozone imelela uhlobo olusebenzayo kakhulu lwe-oksijeni, olwakhiwe ama-athomu amathathu e-oksijini, angalwa nama-pathogenic kanye / noma ama-organic compounds ayingozi (ingxenye eyinhloko yokungcoliswa kwemvelo).
Sebenzisa
Kungase kube isici esibaluleke kakhulu se-ozone futhi inezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi. Ama-microorganisms ayinoma yiluphi uhlobo lwempilo lokho iso lomuntu alikwazi ukubona futhi lidinga isibonakhulu ukuze liwabuke. Ama-microorganisms abizwa ngokuthi ama-pathogens yilawo angabangela izifo ezithathelwanayo. Zivame ukuhlala kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezindawo, zonke izinhlobo zoketshezi, noma zintante emoyeni, zihambisane nezinhlayiya zothuli ezincane, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezivaliwe lapho umoya uvuselelwa kancane kancane.
Ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ze-oxidizing, i-ozone ibhekwa njengenye ye-microbicides esheshayo futhi ephumelela kakhulu eyaziwa, ekwazi ukusebenza ngenani elikhulu lama-microorganisms, njengama-bacteria, amagciwane, isikhunta kanye nezinhlamvu. Konke lokhu kuyimbangela yezinkinga zempilo yabantu kanye nephunga elibi.
I-ozone yenza lawa ma-microorganisms angasebenzi ngokusabela ngama-enzyme e-intracellular, izinto ze-nucleic acid kanye nezimvilophu zamaseli, ama-spores nama-viral capsids. Ngakho, Ngenxa yokucekelwa phansi kwezakhi zofuzo, ama-microorganisms awakwazi ukushintsha futhi athuthukise ukumelana nalokhu kwelashwa. Indima ye-ozone iwukuba i-oxidize izinhlayiya kulwelwesi lweseli ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi aziphinde zivele.
Ukwelashwa kwe-ozone akunaphunga, ngakho-ke akugcini nje ngokubulala amagciwane kanye nokunciphisa noma yiluphi uhlobo lwephunga, kodwa futhi akusho iphunga elithile ekupheleni kokusetshenziswa. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-ozone ayikhiqizi noma iyiphi imfucuza, njengoba iyizinhlayiya ezingazinzile, ijwayele ukubuyela esimweni sayo sokuqala, i-oxygen (O2), ngakho-ke, ihlonipha imvelo nemikhiqizo, nokuqinisekisa inhlalakahle yabantu.
Omunye umsebenzi we-ozone ukuthi ingaqeda noma yiluphi uhlobo lwephunga elibi ngaphandle kokushiya insalela. Lolu hlobo lokwelapha luwusizo kakhulu ezindaweni ezivaliwe lapho umoya awukwazi ukuvuselelwa njalo. Kulolu hlobo lwesikhala, uma inani elikhulu labantu lingena, iphunga elibi (ugwayi, ukudla, umswakama, umjuluko, njll.) lizokhiqizwa ngenxa yemiphumela yama-molecule amisiwe kanye nama-microorganisms ahlukene kuwo.
Kunezimbangela ezimbili zokuhlasela kwe-ozone: ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-oxidizes izinto eziphilayo, ngaphandle kokuyihlasela nge-ozone, futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi, ihlasela ama-microorganisms adla kuwo. I-ozone ingahlasela iphunga elihlukahlukene. Konke kuncike esimweni sento ebangela iphunga. Ngokusekelwe kulesi sakhiwo, ungakwazi ukunquma ubungozi bakho ku-ozone kanye nomthamo odingekayo ukuze kukhishwe i-ozone.
Isendlalelo se-ozone
I-ozone ingumvikeli obalulekile wokuphila emhlabeni. Lokhu kungenxa yokusebenza kwayo njengesisefo esivikela emisebeni ye-ultraviolet evela eLangeni I-ozone inesibopho sokumunca ikakhulukazi imisebe yeLanga ekubude begagasi obuphakathi kuka-280 no-320 nm.
Lapho imisebe ye-ultraviolet evela eLangeni ishaya i-ozone, i-molecule yehlela ku-athomu oxygen ne-oxygen ejwayelekile. Lapho umoya-mpilo ovamile nowe-athomu uhlangana futhi ku-stratosphere baphinde bahlangane bakhe i-ozone molecule. Lokhu kuphendula kuhlala ku-stratosphere ne-ozone ne-oxygen kuhlala ngasikhathi sinye.
I-ozone ikhiqizwa ikakhulukazi lapho ama-molecule e-oksijini ethola inani elikhulu lamandla. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, la mangqamuzana aphenduka abe ama-radicals oksijini we-athomu. Le gesi ayizinzile ngokwedlulele, ngakho lapho ihlangana nenye i-molecule yomoya-mpilo evamile, iyohlangana yakhe i-ozone. Lokhu kusabela kwenzeka njalo ngemizuzwana emibili noma ngaphezulu.
Kulokhu, umthombo wamandla we-oxygen ejwayelekile yimisebe ye-ultraviolet evela elangeni. Imisebe ye-Ultraviolet iyimbangela yokubola kwe-oxygen yamangqamuzana ibe yi-oxygen ye-athomu. Lapho ama-athomu nama-molecule e-oxygen yamangqamuzana ehlangana futhi enza i-ozone, ichithwa yimisebe ye-ultraviolet uqobo.
Ungqimba lwe-ozone luqhubeka ngokuqhubekayo ukudala nokucekela phansi ama-molecule e-ozone, i-oxygen yamangqamuzana ne-oxygen ye-athomu. Ngale ndlela, kwenziwa ukulingana okunamandla lapho i-ozone ichithwa futhi yakhiwa khona. Le yindlela i-ozone esebenza ngayo njengesihlungi esingavumeli imisebe eyingozi ukuthi idlule ebusweni bomhlaba.
Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana ne-ozone nezici zayo.