Njengoba sazi ngaphakathi kwenkathi ye- Mesozoic Kunezikhathi ezi-3 ezibonisa umehluko ekwakhiweni kwezimbali nezilwane kanye nesimo sezulu kanye nokwakheka komhlaba. Lezo zinkathi ezi-3 yilezi: I-Triassic, I-Jurassic y Okuhle kakhulu. Namuhla sizogxila ekutadisheni i- Izilwane ze-Jurassic. Lesi yisikhathi lapho wonke ama-dinosaurs esakazeka ezindaweni eziningi ezishisayo zomhlaba.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela konke odinga ukukwazi mayelana nokuthuthukiswa kwezilwane zeJurassic.
Izici eziyinhloko
Uma isikhathi samaJurassic sagqama, kungukuthi intuthuko enkulu yempilo yahlanganiswa ngendlela ebanzi ezingeni lezitshalo nezilwane. Futhi kungukuthi eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingama-56 le nkathi ihlala, zonke izitshalo zingakha amahlathi kanye namahlathi lapho inani elikhulu lezilwane landa khona.
Kulezi zilwane ezakha izilwane sithola ama-dinosaurs. Izilwane ezazidlangile kuzo zonke izingqimba zomhlaba kwakuyizindawo zomhlaba nezasemanzini. Akufanele sikhohlwe ukuthi ngalesi sikhathi ezingeni le-geological kwakukhona umsebenzi omkhulu wamapuleti we-tectonic.
Ama-dinosaurs kwakuyizilwane ezaziwa kakhulu ngenxa yokuthi ziye zafundwa ngokujula okukhulu ngezinsalela ezitholakele. Impilo yezilwane ngalesi sikhathi yakwazi ukunqoba yonke indawo yokuhlala eyasolwandle, eyasolwandle neyasemoyeni.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwezilwane zeJurassic
Ezingenamgogodla
Ngaphakathi kweqembu lama-invertebrates siyabona ukuthi ama-mollusk ayedlula. Ngaphakathi kwama-mollusks, ikakhulukazi ama-gastropods, ama-bivalves nama-cephalopods akhuliswa kakhulu futhi ahlukahlukene. Ngenxa yokuqothulwa okwenzeke ngesikhathi seTriassic esedlule amanye amakilasi afana ne-Ammonoids, Nautiloids (qhubeka kuze kube namuhla) namaBelemnoideos.
Elinye iqembu lama-Invertebrates nalo elahlangabezana nokwehlukana okukhulu ngesikhathi seJurassic kwakungu-echinoderms. Ngaphakathi kwama-echinoderms, lawo asesigabeni sama-asteroid yiwona asabalalisa kakhulu. Kulesi sigaba sine-starfish. Ama-Echinoid ahlala ezindaweni eziningi zasolwandle. Ngaphakathi kwaleli qembu kunezinhlanzi zasolwandle.
Kuwo wonke ama-arthropods ayeningi. Ngokuyinhloko bonke labo abasesigabeni sama-crustaceans athuthukiswe endaweni yasolwandle, lapho sinenkalankala khona. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bekukhona ezinye izinhlobo zezinambuzane ezifana nezimvemvane, iminyovu nezintethe.
Ama-Vertebrates
Njengoba kulindelwe ngaphakathi kwama-vertebrate, labo ababebusa ngokuphelele lesi sikhathi kwakuyizilwane ezihuquzelayo. Futhi yilezo zezilwane zeJurassic iqembu lezilwane elalivame kakhulu kwakungamadinosaurs. Ama-Amphibian nawo aqala ukugqama kepha ngezinga elincane. Yize babembalwa abamele iqembu lezilwane ezincelisayo, nabo baqala ukukhula kule nkathi.
Ezindaweni ezihlala emanzini sithola imvelo igcwele impilo. Iningi lempilo eyayikhona ngaleso sikhathi yathuthukiswa endaweni yasolwandle. Kwakunezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlanzi, yize izilwane ezihuquzelayo zasemanzini kwakungamakhosi amanzi. Abamele kakhulu yilaba abalandelayo:
- Ichthyosaurs: lolu hlobo lwezilwane ezihuquzelayo lwasatshalaliswa yizo zonke izilwandle zomhlaba. Ukudla kwayo kwakudla ngokuphelele futhi kwahlasela inyamazane enkulu. Babengalinganisa amamitha ayi-18 ubude futhi babe namaphiko amaningana, umsila nomhlane. Kuyi-morphology yayo lapho sithola khona umzimba ovulekile kanye nephunga elide elisebenzela ukubamba kangcono isisulu. Kwakunezindawo ezithuthuke kakhulu ezazikwazi ukwenza izinyembezi ezinhle. Ngokusho kwezinsalela ezitholakele zama-ichthyosaurs singaphetha ngokuthi kwakuyizilwane ezi-viviparous. Okusho ukuthi, umbungu ukhula emzimbeni womama.
- Ama-Plesiosaurs: lezi zilwane zasolwandle zazinkulu kunezichthyosaurs. Babekwazi ukukala kuze kufike kumamitha angama-23 ubude. Intamo yayo yayine-morphology ende ngokwedlulele. Babenemilenze emi-4 eyayisiza ukuhamba ngokushesha ngaphansi kwamanzi futhi yayimiswe okwempiko. Umzimba wakhe wawubanzi impela.
Izilwane zeJurassic zohlobo lwasemoyeni nolomhlaba
Masingakhohlwa ukuthi ngesikhathi seJurassic izinyoni ezincane nazo zavela, yize izilwane ezihuquzelayo ezindizayo zazingabaphathi bomoya. Lawa kwakunguPterosaurs. Lezi zilwane zazinobukhulu obuhlukile ngokuya ngohlobo lwazo futhi sasingazithola kusuka kokuncane kuya kokunye okukhulu. Umzimba wayo wawumbozwe yizinwele namaphiko abanzi akhiwa ulwelwesi olwaluxhuma eyodwa eminweni yesandla ngendlela efanayo namalulwane.
Ngenxa yezinsalela eziningi esizitholile amaPterosaurs singazi ukuthi ayevundlile. Kungenzeka ukuthi babenombono omuhle wokukwazi ukubamba inyamazane kusuka ezindaweni eziphakeme. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukudla kwabo bekudla kakhulu futhi bebengadla nezinhlanzi nezinye izinambuzane. Ukuze babambe izinhlanzi ezisemanzini badinga ukubuka okuhle.
Njengama-vertebrate endawo yasemhlabeni esinayo ikakhulukazi ama-dinosaurs amakhulu. AmaDinosaurs akhona ezinhlobo ezimbili: izidlo ezidla inyama nezidla imifino. Phakathi kwezilwane ezidla imifino, i-apatosaurus, i-brachiosaurus, i-gigantspinosaurus nekhamera bezivelele, phakathi kwabanye. Sizobachaza kafushane:
- I-Apatosaurus: Ingaba nesisindo esifinyelela kumathani angama-30 futhi ibinkulu (amamitha angama-21).
- I-Brachiosaurus: Ihamba ngemilenze emi-4 futhi ibinobukhulu bayo obukhulu nentamo ende. Kwakungamamitha ayi-13 ukuphakama namamitha angama-23 ubude.
- I-Camarasaurus: ingalinganisa kuze kufike kumamitha ayi-18 ubude. Kwakunomgogodla womgogodla onohlobo oluthile lwamagumbi omoya asebenzela ukunciphisa isisindo somzimba.
- IGigantspinosaurus: yayiphethwe ngokuphelele ngamacwecwe amathambo. Yize yayingeyona enkulu kangako, yayinokuvikelwa okukhulu. Ingalinganisa amamitha ayi-5 ubude.
Phakathi kwama-dinosaurs adlayo sinakho okulandelayo:
- I-Allosaurus: emaphethelweni abo babenezinzipho ezanele ngokwanele ukuze bakwazi ukubamba inyamazane yabo. Babekwazi ukukala okungafika kumamitha ayi-12 ubude.
- ICompsognathusYize kwakuyi-carnivore, yayincane ngosayizi. Ifike kumitha ubude kuphela.
- I-Cryolophosaurus: wawungamamitha ayi-6 kuphela ubude namamitha ama-3 ukuphakama. Kusukela ezingalweni zayo zangaphambili yayinezinzipho eziqinile ezikwazi ukubhubhisa isisulu sayo.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngezilwane zeJurassic.