Izilwane ezinomsoco

Izilwane ezinomsoco

La Isikhathi se-Eocene wayengomunye walabo abakha inkathi yePaleogene ye- Isikhathi seCenozoic. Ngalesi sikhathi kube nezinguquko ezinkulu kusukela ekubukeni komhlaba nokwakheka kwezinto eziphilayo, ngoba kwakhiwa izintaba ezinkulu ngenxa yokushayisana kwezwekazi. Lokhu kuhamba kwamazwekazi kudale ukuthi Izilwane ezinomsoco ingathuthukiswa futhi ihlukaniswe ngamabanga abanzi.

Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela ngazo zonke izici nokuthuthukiswa kwezilwane ze-Eocene.

Izici eziyinhloko

Isikhathi se-Eocene yathatha cishe iminyaka eyizigidi ezingama-23. Yasatshalaliswa eminyakeni emi-4 emakwe ngoshintsho oluthile lwesimo sezulu, ukwakheka komhlaba kanye nezilwane. Kubhekwa njengesikhathi sezinguquko lapho iplanethi yathola khona ukuguqulwa okuthile ezingeni lokwakheka komhlaba kusukela izwekazi elikhulu iPangea lenziwa ukuthi liphule. Yile ndlela okwakhiwa ngayo amazwekazi njengoba siwazi namuhla.

Kube nezinguquko eziningi zesimo sezulu ezibaluleke kakhulu ngoba kube nemicimbi ethile ephikisana nePaleogene. Isibonelo, sinomcimbi we-Azolla odale ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa komhlaba jikelele ngendlela yokuthi kudale ezinye izimo lapho izidalwa eziphilayo bekufanele zivumelane nezimo. Kwakukhona nolunye ushintsho ekushintshashintsheni kwezinga lokushisa okwadala ukwehla kulo. Zombili izehlakalo zesimo sezulu zilethe imiphumela kubantu abaphilayo abagcwele iplanethi ngalesi sikhathi.

Izinyoni zazingelinye lamaqembu abhekana nokwehlukana okukhulu ngalesi sikhathi. Eziningi zalezo ezazihlala kule planethi zazizingela kakhulu ngobukhulu obukhulu. Ukuqhekeka okuphelele kwezwekazi elikhulu iPangea yikho okwadala noma ukwehlukahlukana kwezinhlobo eziningi zezilwane nezitshalo.

Sizohlaziya ukuthi izimbali nezilwane ze-Eocene ziguquke kanjani.

Flora

Ngalesi sikhathi sesikhathi izimo zemvelo zale planethi zavumela ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlobo eziningi zezitshalo nezilwane. Kwakuyisikhathi lapho izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo zazichichima khona ngenxa yesimo sezulu esiswakeme nesifudumele.

Ukuhlaziya izimbali sithole ukuthi kube ushintsho olubonakalayo. Lapho amazinga okushisa afudumele futhi enomswakama ekuqaleni kwe-Eocene, iplanethi yayinenqwaba yamahlathi namahlathi. Kunobufakazi obuthi lezi zigxobo nazo zazinehlathi ngalesi sikhathi. Into ebumbene egcina ukusweleka kwezitshalo okuncane imvelo yasogwadule engaphakathi kwamazwekazi.

Izitshalo ezikhule kakhulu ngalesi sikhathi bekuyi-metasequoia kanye nomndeni we-cupresaceae. Lezi zokugcina yizo eziseqenjini lama-gymnosperms, ngokuyisisekelo ama-conifers. Iqembu lezitshalo eliguqukayo njengoba lingaba mincane futhi likhulu. Amaqabunga awo ayafana nezikali futhi ahlelwe asondelene kakhulu. Abanye babo badedela okuthile okumnandi ngokwengeziwe.

Izilwane ezinomsoco

Izinyoni Ezilungele Izilwane

Kulapha lapho sigxila kuzilwane ze-Eocene. Singasho ukuthi izilwane ngalesi sikhathi zazihlukahlukene kakhulu. Amaqembu ezincelisayo nezinyoni yiwo ayegqame kakhulu. Sizohlaziya wonke amaqembu.

Ezingenamgogodla

Iqhubeke yahlukahluka impela ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zasolwandle. Kukhona inani elikhulu lama-mollusks, phakathi kwawo ama-gastropods, ama-bivalve, ama-echinoderms nama-cnidarians avelele. Ama-arthropod nawo aguquke ngalesi sikhathi, izintuthwane zimelele kakhulu.

Aves

Izinyoni kwakuyilezo zinhlobo ezaqala ukubonga kakhulu ezimweni ezinhle zemvelo. Ezinye izinhlobo zaziyizilwane ezinolaka ezinikeza amaqembu amabili ezinto eziphilayo futhi zazesatshwa kakhulu ngaleso sikhathi. Phakathi kwezinhlobo zezinyoni ezikhule kakhulu futhi eziningi kakhulu yilezi: I-Phorusrhacidae, i-Gastornis kanye nama-penguin. Sizochaza izici zalowo nalowo kubo:

  • I-Phorusrhacidae: Yiqembu lezinyoni isici salo esiyinhloko ubukhulu baso obukhulu. Ezinye izibonelo zazifinyelela kumamitha amathathu ukuphakama. Kungaqinisekiswa sibonga kumarekhodi amaningi wezinsalela ezikhona kusukela kulesi sikhathi. Muva nje, ezinye izingebhezi zalezi zilwane zingatholakala ukuze zizibone kangcono. Esinye isici sephiko yikhono lokundiza. Kodwa-ke, wakwenza ngokushesha okukhulu. Kucatshangwa ukuthi bafinyelela isivinini esifinyelela kumakhilomitha angama-3 ngehora. Babezingela izilwane ezisheshayo beshesha, kufaka nezilwane ezincelisayo.
  • UGastornis: Kuyaziwa njengenyoni yokwesaba. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi bebebukeka besabisa impela. Phakathi kwezici zayo eziphawuleka kakhulu sithola usayizi wayo omkhulu, ngezibonelo ezithile kuze kufike kumamitha ama-2 nangaphezulu kwamakhilo ayi-100 ngesisindo. Ikhanda labo elikhulu nomzimba omfushane, oqinile kwabenza baba ngokwesabeka impela. Uqhwaku belufana nopholi oyedwa namuhla. Amandla wobuhle ayemangalisa futhi enikezwa ukubamba inyamazane yabo. Yize yayingandizi, yayinejubane elikhulu.
  • Amaphengwini: Iqembu lama-bass angahambi. Leli qembu lisindile kuze kube namuhla futhi lise-Antarctica eningizimu pole. Ngalesi sikhathi kukholakala ukuthi babehlala ezwenikazi laseNingizimu Melika. Lokhu kwaziwa ngenxa yemivubukulo etholakele kulelo sayithi. Kwakunezinhlobo ezithile ezazilinganisa kufika ku-1.5 kanye nezinye ezincane.

Izilwane Eocene: Ezihuquzelayo kanye Nezilwane Ezincelisayo

Izilwane ezinwabuzelayo zazikhona futhi zakhula ngesivinini esikhulu. Ezazikhona kakhulu kwakuyizinyoka ezinkulu, ezazifinyelela ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-10 ubude kwezinye izibonelo.

Ngokuqondene nezilwane ezincelisayo, leli qembu lahlukahluka kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ama-ungulates, ama-cetaceans nezinye izidlo ezinkulu. Ake sihlaziye ngamunye wabo:

  • Iyahlukanisa: Isici sayo esikhulu ukuthi ikwazi ukunyakaza isekelwa ekugcineni kweminwe yayo. Lapha sinezingulube namakamela, izinkomo, izimvu nezimbuzi.
  • AmaCetaceans: athuthukile endaweni yasolwandle futhi kwakukhona izinhlobo ezinjenge-archaeocetos. Laba babe ngabokuqala ukuthuthukisa izici ezazivumela ukuthi zivumelane nempilo yasemanzini.
  • Ama-Ambulocytids: yimikhomo yokuqala ekhona kule planethi. Zinobude obungaphezu kwamamitha ama-3 kanti isisindo sazo singaba cishe ama-120 kg. Ibukeka ngendlela efanayo nezingwenya yize inezitho ezinde. Lezi zingalo zasebenza njengezinhlamvu zokuhamba. Ukudla kwabo kwakudla kakhulu.

Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngezilwane ze-Eocene.


Yiba ngowokuqala ukuphawula

Shiya umbono wakho

Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

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  1. Ubhekele imininingwane: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.