Isidalwa esingumuntu siqhubeka nohambo lwaso lokuqhubeka nokuphenya ngomkhathi. Kulokhu, i-rocket yokuqala yaseSpain ezokwethulwa yi- umra 1. Izokwethulwa e-Cádiz futhi inhloso enkulu ukusebenza njengesathelayithi yezokuxhumana kanye nocwaningo lwesayensi.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela konke okudingeka ukwazi mayelana ne-Miura 1, izici zayo, ukwakhiwa nokunye okuningi.
Iyini i-Miura 1
Yilona rocket kuphela elakhiwe eSpain ezokuthutha emkhathini, futhi kuzokwenza iSpain ibe ngelinye lamazwe ambalwa akwazi ukwethula amasathelayithi amancane emkhathini, ebalulekile emikhakheni ebalulekile efana nezokuxhumana, ezokuvikela noma ucwaningo lwesayensi.
Lena iphrojekthi engakaze ibonwe esikalini saseYurophu esakhiwe yi-PLD Space, inkampani yaseSpain enemvelaphi e-Elche. Umongameli omkhulu, u-Ezequiel Sánchez, ugcizelele enkulumweni lapho athi inkampani yazalwa "ephusheni labasunguli bayo ababili, uRaúl Torres noRaúl Verdú, umbono wokukwazi ukufaka isandla ngeziqhumane ezincane emjahweni wesikhala wemboni ezimele. ."
Ukwenza lokhu, inkampani ixhase iphrojekthi iminyaka eyi-11 ebavumele ukuthi babeke umshini wokuqala endizayo endaweni yokuqalisa namuhla: «Indlela yokufika lapha ibinzima kakhulu, futhi sisaqhubeka nokubhekana nobunzima obuningi.", uthi.
Ugcizelele ukuthi nge-Miura 1 kanye nesiteji sayo sokwethulwa, iSpain "ikhombisa ubuholi bayo bezobuchwepheshe eYurophu, ihlinzeka ngomthamo osivumela ukuthi sihole ingxenye yamasu amasathelayithi amancane. Lokhu kumele kube yinto eseqhulwini ezweni lonke.”
I-Miura 1, i-rocket yaseSpain
Umcimbi wokwethulwa uyisigaba sokugcina sohlelo lwe-Miura futhi uhlanganisa ukuhlolwa kwesici sendiza nokuhlolwa kwemishini yaphansi exhunywe ne-INTA njengendikimba ebusayo.
Konke lokhu kuzokwenzeka ku-hangar yenkampani e-El Arenosillo, lapho ukugcinwa nokulungiswa kwe-rocket kuzokwenziwa futhi. Umthwalo we-propellant kanye nokuhlolwa kwengcindezi nakho kuzokwenziwa.
Ngemva kokuhlola zonke lezi zinyathelo, i-Miura 1 izothuthela kuphedi yokusuka. Lapho kuzokwenziwa izivivinyo ezibaluleke kakhulu: okokuqala "ukuhlolwa okumanzi". Lokhu ukuhlolwa komthwalo ogcwele kwe-propellant okufaka zonke izinyathelo zokuqalisa ngaphambi kokudubula kwenjini, okulandelwa ukuhlolwa kokugcina noma 'ukuhlola okushisayo'. Isivivinyo sokuthungela esimile lapho injini yerokhethi izovutha khona imizuzwana emihlanu. Ukuphumelela kwalokhu kulingisa kuzonikeza imvume yokwethulwa kwe-suborbital microlauncher.
Izokhishwa nini?
Amathuba amane okundiza asabalale phakathi kuka-Ephreli noMeyi. Ukuze wethule ngempumelelo i-rocket emkhathini, kwakudingeka, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuthi i-Miura 1 ngokwayo iphumelele zonke izivivinyo futhi isilungele ngobuchwepheshe, futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi, yayidinga izimo zezulu ezivumayo: imimoya engaphezu kuka-20 km/h, izilwandle ezipholile futhi azikho iziphepho ezingase zibe khona eduze.
Le nkampani ixwayise ngokuthi uhlelo lokwethula lolu hlelo luthatha amahora angaba ngu-10, okuyilapho ithimba lezobuchwepheshe kufanele liqinisekise ukuthi konke kuhamba ngohlelo. Uma kutholwa izici zobungozi ezincane, ukusebenza kosuku kuzokhanselwa futhi iwindi lendiza elilandelayo lizoqala phansi.
Umsebenzi wokwethulwa uzobandakanya umqansa ocishe ube ngamakhilomitha ayi-150. Njengoba inobude obungamamitha ayi-12 kanye nomthwalo okhokhelwayo wamakhilogremu ayi-100, i-Miura iyisiqalisi esincane esisebenziseka kabusha ngesitayela serokhethi ye-Falcon yenkampani yendiza yasemkhathini i-SpaceX ka-Elon Musk omkhulu.
Amazwe ayisishiyagalolunye kuphela emhlabeni anamakhono wangempela okuhweba nawohulumeni emkhathini, futhi iSpain ingaba yizwe leshumi ukujoyina amabutho ne-PLDSpace.
umgomo oyinhloko
I-rocket i-Miura 1 yenza indiza yayo yokuqala isuka endaweni yayo yokwethula endaweni yokudubula amasosha eMédano del Loro. I-PLD iphothule izivivinyo zokuqala ezikhungweni ze-INTA eCedea del Arenosillo, futhi ithimba le-German Centre for Applied Technology and Microgravity (ZARM) yaseNyuvesi yaseBremen lahlola imoto ukuze liqinisekise konke. Njengoba inkampani ngokwayo isimemezele, isifikile e-El Arenosillo ukuqala ukusebenza ndawonye ohambweni lokuqala lapho nizoba nendima ebalulekile.
I-Miura 1 izokwenza indiza yokuqala ye-suite yezinzwa ze-ZARM ngenhloso yokuqinisekisa obunye bobuchwepheshe i-ejensi yesayensi eyenzele imboni yasemkhathini ezimweni ze-microgravity. Njengoba kuchazwe iphini likamongameli we-PLD, uPablo Gallego, umsebenzi ohlangene uhilela "ukuhlanganisa umthwalo weklayenti neminye imithwalo yangaphambilini." U-Thorben Konemann, unjiniyela omkhulu we-ZARM, uchaze ukuthi ukuhlolwa kokuqala kuzokwazisa amalungiselelo "okuhlolwa kwezindiza ezingaphansi kwe-suborbital." Ngalezi zinyathelo, "sizolungiselela izindiza ezintsha esikhathini esizayo."
I-PLD Space ine "iwindi lendiza" elihlukile elinikezwe uMnyango Wezokuvikela waseSpain. Ngaphezu kokuphepha kwendawo, ukwethulwa "kuye ngokuthi ukutholakala kwe-rocket ngokwayo kanye nezimo zezulu", njengoba imimoya yasemhlabeni engaphansi kwamakhilomitha angu-20 ngehora yayidingeka, "imimoya ezolile phezulu futhi ngaphandle kweziphepho ezingaba khona eduze," kusho inkampani.
i-rocket yesibili
Khonamanjalo, ithimba le-PLD le-Space Engineering lisebenzela umklamo wokugcina wemoto yalo ezungezayo, i-Miura 5. Umbono uwukusebenzisa elikufundile ku-Miura 1, engase yethulwe e-Kourou, e-French Guiana, ngo-2024. Irokhethi yesibili. ingamamitha angu-34,4 ubude futhi ingaphakamisa cishe amakhilogremu angu-540 ukuya endaweni ephansi ye-Earth orbit. I-PLD Space ithole ama-euro angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-60 zokutshalwa kwezimali ukuthuthukisa amaphrojekthi ayo emkhakheni wezomkhathi, futhi balindele ukufinyelela inzuzo efinyelela ku-150 million euros ngonyaka.
Izinhlelo zayo zokwethula ezishibhile ziza njengoba amazwe ase-Europe evuma ukwenyuka ngamaphesenti ayi-17 ekusetshenzisweni kwemali emkhathini, njengoba enza ngoSepthemba odlule, ukubambana neminye imibuso emikhulu njenge-United States neChina.
Njengoba ubona, iSpain nayo ijoyina ucwaningo lwasemkhathini ngobuchwepheshe obushintshashintshayo. Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana ne-Miura 1 nezici zayo.