Endaweni ethile lapho inganekwane nomlando kuhlangana khona, sithola izwe lezinganekwane. Kwabanye abantu, lezi zingosi ziyizindaba zasendulo zangempela. Kwabanye, bayinganekwane nje. Mhlawumbe izindaba eziyisingathekiso eziqaphe kakhulu okungathathwa kuzo ezinye izifundo eziwusizo kubantu besikhathi sabo. Izindawo eziyinganekwane ziyizinganekwane ezidumile, kodwa mhlawumbe lezo zikhombo zamazwekazi zigqama kakhulu ngoba kumelwe ukuba zazizinkulu kakhulu. Icala elidume kakhulu kithi i-Atlantis ngoba yayiyingxenye yezinganekwane zamaGreki namaRoma futhi iyingxenye ebalulekile yesiko lethu. besilokhu sizibuza njalo lapho i-atlantis.
Ngakho-ke, sizonikezela lesi sihloko ukuze sikutshele ukuthi i-Atlantis ikuphi, imvelaphi yayo, izici kanye nakho konke mayelana nenganekwane.
Indaba eyinganekwane ye-Atlantis
Ngokwezingxoxo zikaPlato, i-Atlantis yayiyizwe elisentshonalanga ye-Pillars of Hercules (iStrait of Gibraltar). Yayinamandla amakhulu ezomnotho, ezenhlalakahle kanye nezempi futhi yayibusa eNtshonalanga Yurophu naseNyakatho Afrika ngaphambi kokuba idolobha lase-Athens likwazi ukuyimisa.
Ngaleso sikhathi, inhlekelele engachazeki yacwilisa isiqhingi nawo wonke amabutho ayenawo. I-Atlantis inyamalele ngokuphelele kumephu nasemlandweni. Kusukela ngeNkathi Ephakathi, izinganekwane bezibhekwa njengezinganekwane, kodwa kusukela ngekhulu le-XNUMX, ngenxa ye-romanticism, ukuqagela kwezindawo zangempela kwaqala ukuvela.
Uma siyiqiniso emlandweni (isiqhingi esingaphesheya kweziNsika zeHercules), amehlo ethu agxile oLwandle i-Atlantic. Ithiyori yokuqala ibeka i-Atlantis lapho, okutholakale izintaba zayo eziphakeme kakhulu, futhi ezihambisana neziqhingi ezakha okuthiwa i-Macaronesia. Ngamanye amazwi: I-Azores, i-Madeira, i-Desertas Islands, i-Canary Islands ne-Cape Verde.
Umbono wokuthi izwekazi elikhulu kangaka liyoshabalala ngokuzumayo awukholeki ngokuphelele. Lo mbono ugxile emicabangweni eminingi eyimfihlakalo neminye ehlobene nempilo yangaphandle komhlaba.
lapho i-atlantis
I-hypothesis yesibili iyancipha kancane futhi ithatha ukuthi i-Atlantis yayiyinganekwane esekelwe ohlotsheni oluthile lwempucuko eyathakazelisa amaGreki. Lezi zindaba zingenziwa ihaba kuze kube yiphupho.
Okwaziwa kakhulu, ngakho-ke, bangabalingani bamasiko e-Atlantean kanye neTatsos, lena yakamuva itholakala kakhulu noma ngaphansi engxenyeni yokugcina yesifundo se-Guadalquivir. Njengoba inhloko-dolobha yayiyisiqhingi esinomzila, kuye kwasikiselwa ukuthi kwakuyiqoqo leziqhingi amaGreki ayelibiza ngokuthi iGadra, noma iCádiz (eyayihluke kakhulu kunedolobha lamanje).
UPlato ukhuluma ngezwekazi elicwile ngesikhathi uHerodotus ekhuluma ngaso ngo-Arganonia, inkosi yasenganekwaneni yaseTartessos, ngakho mhlawumbe lena indaba eyaziwayo eye yaba nemiphumela ethile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuphela kwesiko lamaTartis kubonakala kuyimfihlakalo. Noma kunjalo, kunzima ukwazi ukuthi ukuqhathanisa phakathi kweTartessos ne-Atlantis kuyiqiniso yini.
ukuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo yasendulo
Ithiyori yesithathu iphathelene nesigameko esithile somlando esibe yinganekwane ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane. Impucuko yamaMinoan yayiyimbangi enkulu yezwe laseGreece. Udumo lwakhe lwasakazekela kulo lonke elaseMpumalanga yeMedithera, futhi imikhumbi yakhe yayilwa izimpi emazweni ahlukahlukene. Inesiko elicebile futhi sekuyisikhathi eside iyisikhungo sezomnotho esibalulekile futhi abantu bakhona bajabulela izinga eliphezulu lokuphila langaleso sikhathi.
Kwezinye izazi-mlando, esinye sezizathu zokuwohloka kwempucuko yamaMinoan kwaba ukuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo esiqhingini saseSantorini (ebelaziwa ngokuthi yiThera) cishe ngo-1500 BC.
Ukuma kwamanje kwepharadesi eliyisiqhingi saseGreece kuwubufakazi benhlekelele engokwemvelo eyenzeka ezinkulungwaneni zeminyaka edlule. Ukuqhuma kwakungezinye ezinamandla kakhulu ezake zaqoshwa eYurophu. Ezindaweni ezikude njengaseGibhithe, umusi owugqinsi wawusibekela ilanga izinsuku eziningi. Ngisho naseShayina, umphumela wawo ungabonakala esibhakabhakeni. A) Yebo, inhlekelele kanye nokunyamalala kwesiko lamaMinoan kuzohambisana nenganekwane kaPlato.
Ingabe i-Atlantis ingokoqobo?
Umphakathi wesayensi ucishe waphika ngazwi linye ukuba khona kwe-Atlantis. Amaqiniso athile noma izimo ezikhuthazayo ezimpucukweni zomlando zihlukile. Nakuba lokhu kungase kube yiqiniso, ufakazela kanjani ukuthi uPlato wayekhuluma ngeSantorini noma i-Andalusia?
Kubonakala sengathi i-Atlantis izohlala iyimpicabadala isikhathi eside. Kodwa-ke, i-hypothesis yobukhona bayo akufanele ikhishwe ngokuphelele. Kuze kube sekhulwini le-XNUMX, UTroy wayeyinganekwane kithi njenge-Atlantis yaze yatholakala.
Impikiswano mayelana nokuba khona kwale mpucuko ecebile isekude ukuphela. UPlato wamchaza futhi amakhulu eminyaka izazi-mlando zikholelwa ukuthi wayebhala izinganekwane. Izazi zefilosofi eziningi, kuhlanganise no-Aristotle, nazo zazikholelwa ukuthi i-Atlantis yayiyinganekwane. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izazi zefilosofi, izazi-mlando, nezazi zezwe ziyithatha kalula le ndaba.
Kwaze kwaba ngu-1882 lapho uKhongolose wase-US u-Ignatius Donnelly eshicilela incwadi ebizwa ngokuthi "Atlantis: Umhlaba Wasendulo" lapho idolobha empeleni laliyindawo yangempela nokuthi ukuba khona nendawo yesayithi bekuthule kancane. Waze wathi yonke impucuko yasendulo eyaziwayo yavela kusiko lwe-Neolithic ephakeme yale ndawo.
Ngemva kweminyaka eminingi, ngisho namaNazi azikholelwa izindaba zedolobha elalicatshangelwa ukuthi lalilahlekile lase-Atlantis, lapho abantu “begazi elimsulwa” ngokusobala babehlala khona futhi kuthiwa bacwila ngemva kokushaywa umbani waphezulu. Emcabangweni wamaNazi, ama-Aryan ayesindile athuthela ezindaweni eziphephile. Isifunda sase-Himalaya sibhekwa njengenye indawo ephephile, ikakhulukazi iTibet, njengoba yaziwa ngokuthi "uphahla lomhlaba."
Kokuphelele, Izazi nezazi-mlando zithatha i-Atlantis njengenye yezinganekwane zikaPluto. Inkulumo yakhe isekelwa ukuthi ubesebenzisa izinganekwane. Ngendaba ka-Atlantis, lezi zazi zikholelwa ukuthi wayexwayisa amaGreki ngezifiso zezombangazwe kanye nezingozi zokukhulisa izicukuthwane ukuze kuzuze yena.
Njengoba ungase ubone, isayensi namuhla ayikuvumeli ukuba khona kwezinganekwane ezifana ne-Atlantis, kodwa kuyohlale kunabantu abakholelwa ukuthi ikhona. Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi i-Atlantis ikuphi, umsuka wayo nezici.