Siyazi ukuthi indawo yonke ayinamkhawulo nokuthi umuntu akakaze akwazi ukuthola lutho kukho konke ukunwetshwa kwawo. Enye yama-exoplanets atholwe edonsa ukunakwa okuningi kososayensi yi- J1407b. Yiplanethi etholakala ohlelweni lwenkanyezi i-J1407, etholakala cishe iminyaka engama-434 yokukhanya ukusuka eMhlabeni. Le planethi idale ukuthakasela okukhulu kosonkanyezi kanye nabalandeli basemkhathini ngenxa yezici zayo eziyingqayizivele nezingaqondakali.
Ngakho-ke, sizonikezela lesi sihloko ukuze sikutshele mayelana nezici, ukutholakala kanye nelukuluku leplanethi i-J1407b.
Izici eziyinhloko
Okuheha kakhulu ukunaka kwale planethi emphakathini wesayensi uhlelo lwayo lwendandatho olukhulu ngokungavamile futhi oluyinkimbinkimbi. Amasongo ale planethi makhulu kakhulu futhi makhulu kakhulu kunalawo eSaturn. Ububanzi obuphelele bezindandatho ze-J1407b bulinganiselwa kumakhilomitha ayizigidi eziyi-120, elilingana nebanga eliphindwe izikhathi ezingama-200 phakathi koMhlaba neNyanga. Lezi zindandatho zenziwe ngenani elikhulu lezinhlayiya, kusukela ezingxenyeni ezincane kuya ezintweni ezilingana nenyanga.
Kuyiplanethi eveza ukuhlukahluka okukhulu ekwakhekeni kwamasongo awo. Ucwaningo luveze ukuthi izindandatho zalo ziveza izici ezishintshayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi kungase kube nezinyanga noma ama-exomoons azungeza iplanethi, okusebenzisana kwayo amandla adonsela phansi kushintsha ukuma kwamasongo. Lesi simo siphakamisa imibuzo eminingi mayelana nokwakheka nokuziphendukela kwezinhlelo zamaplanethi, futhi kuye kwaholela emibonweni ethakazelisayo mayelana nokuba khona okungenzeka kwama-exomoons okuhlala ku-J1407b.
Mayelana nobukhulu bomzimba beplanethi i-J1407b, Inkulu ngokuphindwe ka-20 kune-Jupiter, lena kuyiplanethi enkulu kunazo zonke esimisweni sethu sonozungezilanga. Ubukhulu bayo obufanayo abukanqunywa ngokunembile, kodwa kulinganiselwa ukuthi buphindwe izikhathi eziningana kune-Jupiter. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umzila we-J1407b ozungeza inkanyezi yakhe awucacile ngokwedlulele, okusho ukuthi ibanga layo ukusuka enkanyezini yayo liyahlukahluka kakhulu esikhathini sokuzungeza kwayo. Konke lokhu kungaba nomthelela esimweni sezulu nesimo sezulu.
Ukutholwa kweplanethi i-J1407b
Ngo-2012, isazi sezinkanyezi sase-University of Rochester u-Eric Mamajek kanye nethimba lakhe babe ngabokuqala ukubika ngokutholakala kohlelo lwe-J1407 kanye nokusitheka kwelanga okungavamile. Kusuka ohlelweni lwendandatho ezungeze i-J1407b, umngane we-substellar, kuthathwe ekubonweni kwe ukusitheka kwelanga okude nokuyinkimbinkimbi kwenkanyezi i-J1407 phakathi nenkathi yezinsuku ezingama-56 ngo-April nango-May 2007.
I-J1407b yayibhalwe ukuthi "Super Saturn" noma "Saturn on steroids" ngenxa yohlelo lwayo olubanzi lwendandatho ye-circumplanetary. Umzimba oyindandatho unesisindo esilinganiselwe esifana nesoMhlaba, futhi singaqinisekiswa ngokuqiniseka okungaphezu kuka-99% ukuthi akuyona inkanyezi enesisindo esikhulu kunenqwaba ye-Jupiter engama-80.
Ngo-2007, ukulandelana kokulumba kwenkanyezi 1SWASP J140747.93-394542.6 kwabonwa izinsuku ezingama-56, okwaholela ekutholweni kwe-J1407b, i-exoplanet yokuqala enohlelo lwendandatho. Iphethini yesistimu enezindandatho eziningi ibihambisana nesistimu yeplanethi enkulu futhi inobubanzi obungaphandle obuphindwe izikhathi ezingama-640 kunendandatho yeSaturn. Ithimba labacwaningi liphinde lahlonza izikhala emasongweni, okuphakamisa ukuba khona kwama-exomoon, noma amasathelayithi, akha futhi anqwabelana entweni ezungezayo ye-J1407b. Kodwa-ke, uma kubhekwa ubudala besistimu yezinkanyezi (iminyaka eyizigidi ezingu-16 kuphela) kanye nosayizi omkhulu wesistimu yeringi (okulingana nesisindo soMhlaba), ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi kube i-circumplanetary disk noma i-protoexosatellite kule nqubo. ukwakheka esikhundleni sohlelo lwendandatho oluzinzile ohlelweni lweplanethi oluvuthiwe njengamasongo eSaturn.
Ulwazi mayelana nezindandatho zeplanethi i-J1407b
Njengoba kushicilelwe i-Leiden Observatory kanye nabaholi beNyuvesi yaseRochester, le planethi inezindandatho ezingu-37. Le nombolo yamasongo ingaphezu kwalokho obekucatshangwa ekuqaleni. Ngayinye yalezi zindandatho inobubanzi obungamakhulu amakhilomitha ayi-10,000, ezakhiwe yizinto ezimnyama kakhulu ezivimba cishe konke ukukhanya okuvela enkanyezini. Lesi sici besiwukhiye ekutholakaleni kwaso.
Kunembobo enkulu kulelo qoqo lezindandatho, okungase kubonise ukuba khona kwenyanga. Futhi leso sakhiwo empeleni siyidiski yokukhula emhlabeni esenqubo yokwakheka. Empeleni, Alikwazi ngisho ukuba yiplanethi bese likhukhuleka libe yinto encane ensundu., lapho okokusebenza manje okubukeka njengendandatho kugcina ngokunyamalala ngokwengxenye noma ngokuphelele.
Okwamanje, abacwaningi bakhuthaza izazi zezinkanyezi eziyizimfundamakhwela ukuthi zibheke impumalanga eqhumayo ngokufiphala kwayo okulandelayo, ngokusekelwe kulokho ezingakwazi ukufunda okwengeziwe ngakho.
Ezinye izifiso
Ngaphezu kophenyo mayelana nezindandatho, kube nokuqagela ukuthi i-J1407b inezici eziphawulekayo zomkhathi. Nakuba ukwakheka komkhathi wawo kungakaqinisekiswa, ososayensi benze ucwaningo nezifaniso ukuze baqonde kangcono izimo zezulu ezingaba khona kule planethi ekude.
Kukholakala ukuthi ingaba nomkhathi ocebile ngezinto ezifana ne-hydrogen ne-helium, efana neziqhwaga zegesi esimisweni sethu sonozungezilanga. Kodwa-ke, kuye kwachazwa futhi mayelana nokuba khona kwezakhi ezisindayo, njenge-methane ne-ammonia, okuyinto banganikeza imibala eyingqayizivele namaphethini emkhathini wakho. Lezi zingxenye zomkhathi zingase zihlanganyele nokukhanya kwelanga ngezindlela ezimangalisayo futhi zibe nomthelela ekwahlukeni kokukhanya okubonwa ku-J1407b.
Enye yezinto ezihlaba umxhwele kakhulu kule planethi amandla ayo okusingatha izinyanga noma ama-exomoon emzileni owuzungezile. Ukusebenzisana kwamandla adonsela phansi phakathi kweplanethi nalezi zinyanga eziqanjiwe ingaba nomthelela omkhulu ekwakhiweni kwamasongo, kanye nezimo zezulu zeplanethi ngokwayo. Uma ama-exomoons okuhlalwa kuwo ekhona ku-J1407b, ayenganikeza indawo engase ifanelekele ukuphila, akhulise isithakazelo sokufunda okwengeziwe ngeplanethi.
Ngithemba ngalolu lwazi ungakwazi ukwazi okwengeziwe nge-J1407b nezici zayo.