Kumhlahlandlela wohlaka lwamanzi, kufika encazelweni yesizinda se-hydrographic njengobuso bomhlaba obunomphumela wamanzi ogeleza wonke ngochungechunge lwemifudlana. Le mifudlana ingaba yimifula futhi ekugcineni ibe ngamachibi ohlangothini lolwandle ngomlomo owodwa, ichweba lomfula noma ulwandle. Umcengezi we-hydrographic njengeyunithi yokuphathwa kwezinsizakusebenza uthathwa njengengahlukaniseki. Ngakho-ke, konke izitsha ze-hydrographic zaseSpain banezici ezihlukile.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela zonke izici nokubaluleka kwamabhasi we-hydrographic eSpain.
Izitsha zeHydrographic zaseSpain
Umcengezi ngamunye nawo uhlukaniswe waba eminye imicengezi. Sichaza lezi zingqimba ezincane njengobuso bomhlaba obunomphumela wamanzi ogeleza ngokuphelele ngokusebenzisa uchungechunge lwemifudlana, imifula, futhi ekugcineni amachibi. Lokhu kugeleza kwamanzi kubhekiswe endaweni ethile emfuleni, okuvamise ukuba yichibi noma ukuhlangana kwemifula. Kusukela kulokhu kuhlangana kwemifula umfula ophakeme uzalwa ngokugeleza okuya ngasolwandle kuya emlonyeni. Sizobona ukuthi yiziphi izingqimba ezinkulu ze-hydrographic zaseSpain nezici zazo.
Umgodi we-duero hydrographic
Kuyisigubhu se-hydrographic esidabula enyakatho-ntshonalanga yenhlonhlo bese singena ePorto. Inendawo engaba ngamakhilomitha angama-97, ka- okuyi-81% yayo ehambelana nendawo yaseSpain kuthi i-19% iye endaweni yasePutukezi. Yibhasikidi elinendawo enkulu kunazo zonke elanda kuyo yonke iNhlonhlo Yase-Iberia.
Umfula i-Ebro
Yilelo elidlula ngasenyakatho-mpumalanga yeNhlonhlo Yase-Iberia. Iqala eSierra de Híjar bese ifinyelela emlonyeni wayo ogudle i-Ebro. Le ndawo ingamakhilomitha-skwele angama-85.000, iba eyesibili ngobukhulu kuyo yonke iNhlonhlo Yase-Iberia. Iningi lemvula elondla umfula i-Ebro livela ePyrenees engxenyeni esenyakatho.
I-Tagus hydrographic basin
Yileyo edlula engxenyeni esentshonalanga yeNhlonhlo Yase-Iberia futhi inomlomo wayo eLisbon. Ukunwetshwa kwayo kungama-78 km², 467 asatshalaliswa kuma-1% (66 km²) enhlabathini yaseSpain kanye nama-34% emazweni asePutukezi. Ingokwesithathu enendawo enkulu kunazo zonke kuyo yonke iNhlonhlo Yase-Iberia.
Umgodi we-Guadiana hydrographic
Yiyo ehamba phakathi nendawo naseningizimu-ntshonalanga yeNhlonhlo Yase-Iberia. Umlomo wayo uphakathi kweVila Real de Santo António ne-Ayamonte, okwenza umngcele ophakathi kwePortugal neSpain. Isibalo semitapo eyinhloko yalesi sigodi se-hydrographic singama-137. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kunemifula eyi-137 ephakela yonke imvelo ngamanzi amaningi. Phakathi kwemifula eyakha umfula wamanzi waseGuadiana kunalena elandelayo: iGuadlamez, iBullaque, i-Estena, iZújar, iZapatón, iGevorra, umfula uMurtigas nomfudlana i-Ardila, ukubala kuphela iminikelo engaphezu kuka-90 Hm³. yesimo semvelo.
Umcengezi we-Hydrographic womfula iGuadalquivir
Kubaluleke kakhulu eningizimu yenhlonhlo. Itholakala ngokuphelele eSpain. Ukunwetshwa kwayo kungama-57.527 km futhi kudlulela ezifundazweni eziyi-12 zemiphakathi emine ezimele, i-Andalusia emele ngaphezu kuka-90% wobuso besizi. Isikhala sokuma komkhawulo waseGuadalquivir siyalungiswa futhi sihlukaniswe ngezinto ezahlukahlukene. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, sinamaphethelo aseSierra Morena asenyakatho. Engxenyeni eseningizimu sinezintaba zeBetic nasengxenyeni eseduze nolwandle i-Atlantic Ocean.
Isimo sezulu sayo yonke le ngxenye iMedithera. Phakathi kwezici esinazo Lesi simo sezulu siyasibona sipholile futhi sishisa ngamazinga okushisa angama-degree angama-16.8 ngokwesilinganiso sonyaka. Kunokungahambi kahle kwemvula, kuba nesilinganiso samalitha angama-550 ngemitha skwele ngasinye. Isimo sendawo engxenyeni evulekele ngase-Atlantic lapho kungena khona izivunguvungu zasolwandle zengxenye esentshonalanga. Lezi zivunguvungu ziyimbangela yokusatshalaliswa kwezimvula ezithuthukela kwazo phambili ngaseningizimu-ntshonalanga mpumalanga. Lapho sebengenile eNhlonhlweni Yase-Iberia, bafinyelela amanani aphezulu eziqongweni eziphakeme kakhulu zomngcele futhi bahlukanise umcengezi we-hydrographic woMfula iGuadalquivir. Kuzo zonke izimvula, zisebenzisa isimo esinamandla, okusho ukuthi isikhathi eside sesomiso siyashintshana namazinga okushisa aphezulu abangela ukuguguleka.
Lapho izimvula zenzeka ngesifufula, ziba khona ngezikhathi ezithile kodwa ngamandla. Okungukuthi, lapho cEmvuleni ijwayele ukwenza kakhulu kushiya amanzi amaningi agijimayo agcina elimaza imvelo nezitshalo.
Izindishi zeHydrographic zaseSpain: Júcar
Le ngxenye ifaka yonke imicengezi egelezela oLwandle iMedithera. Siqala ngasemkhawulweni wohlangothi lwesobunxele lweGola del Segura nasemlonyeni walo nomfula iCenia. Ukunwetshwa okuphelele kungama-42.988,6 km² futhi kudlulela ezifundazweni zase-Albacete, Alicante, Castellón, Cuenca, Valencia naseTeruel, kanye nendawo encane esifundazweni saseTarragona.
Izitsha ze-Hydrographic zaseSpain: Umfula iSegura
Isigodi somfula iSegura yiso esidlula eningizimu-mpumalanga yeNhlonhlo yase-Iberia futhi sinomlomo waso oLwandle iMedithera. Ubuso bayo cishe buyi-18.870 km², ethinta imiphakathi emine ezimele, okuyisifunda saseMurcia (cishe sonke), umphakathi wase-Andalusia (izifundazwe zaseJaén, eGranada nase-Almería), eCastilla-La Mancha (esifundazweni sase-Albacete) kanye noMphakathi waseValencian (isifundazwe sase Alicante), ephethwe yiSegura Hydrographic Confederation, CHS.
Ukubaluleka kwamabhishi we-hydrographic eSpain
Njengoba sazi, imithombo yamanzi yezwe isuselwa enanini lamanzi angaphezulu nangaphansi komhlaba. Ama-Wathedheds anesibopho sokugcina amanzi angaphezulu ngangokunokwenzeka. Ukwenza lokhu, kwakhiwa amadamu inhloso yawo enkulu ukuqoqa amanzi emifula ukuwagcina. Ukusetshenziswa okunikezwa lawa manzi kuqala ngokusetshenziswa kwasekhaya, ezolimo, izimboni, njll.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngamabheshi ama-hydrographic aseSpain nezimpawu zawo eziyinhloko.