Iplanethi yethu inesathelayithi eyodwa kuphela eyaziwa ngokuthi iNyanga. Iziphuphutheki zivame ukubizwa ngezinyanga, kubhekiswe kokwethu. Yena iplanethi iMars Inezinyanga ezimbili ezincane ezinokubukeka okufanayo namazambane futhi zatholakala ngekhulu le-XNUMX. Zincane kangangokuba azenzi ikota yeNyanga. Kukhona kungenzeka ukuthi eminyakeni eyizigidi ezimbalwa kungenzeka bangabe besaphila.
Kulesi sihloko sizokwembulela ezinye zezimfihlo eziphazamisa kakhulu ze- izinyanga zaseMars.
Izici zezinyanga zeMars
Izinyanga zaseMars zimbili kuphela. Amagama abo nguPhobos noDeimos. Lezi yiziphuphutheki ezimbili zemvelo ezimise ngokungajwayelekile ezizungeza le planethi. Zinosayizi omncane kakhulu uma uziqhathanisa nesathelayithi yeplanethi yethu, iNyanga. Sizohlaziya isathelayithi ngayinye ngazinye ukuze siqonde kangcono izici zayo:
Phobos
Le satellite ingamakhilomitha angama-27 kuphela ububanzi. Izungeza iplanethi ebangeni elingaba amakhilomitha ayizi-6.000. Ngamahora ayi-7 nohhafu nje iyakwazi ukuguqula iplanethi ngokuphelele. Inenqwaba yemigodi lapho iStickney sigqamile khona. Le crater iphethe isibongo senkosikazi yomtholi. Le crater idume kakhulu ngoba inobukhulu obungu-10 km ububanzi. Ubuso bugcwele imisele eminingi phakathi kwamamitha angama-20 kuye kwangama-40 ukujula. Le mifolo yeqe amamitha angama-250 ububanzi.
Ubuso bePhobos bugcwele uthuli, lufinyelela cishe kumitha ukuphakama. Lokhu kucatshangwa ukuthi kungenxa yemithelela ehlala ihlupheka amaPhobos avela kuma-meteorite amancane.
Deimos
Ake siqhubeke sichaze enye isathelayithi iMars. Le satellite incane kakhulu kunePhobos. Inamakhilomitha ayi-12 kuphela ububanzi. NjengePhobos, nayo inendawo engalingani. Ngenxa yobukhulu bayo obuphansi, amandla adonsela phansi awakwazanga ukuzungeza ubuso. Ngakho-ke kuthiwa zakhiwe njengamazambane.
Izungeza kakhulu kunePhobos. Ebangeni elingamakhilomitha angama-23.500 ukusuka enkabeni yeMars. Ngokungafani nenye i-satellite, kuthatha ama-Deimos cishe amahora angama-30 ukuzungeza iMars. Ayinayo imigodi ebanzi kangako, kepha mancane. Cishe ngo-2,3 km ububanzi. Ngokuba nokuningi kwalokhu, kukwenza ubukeke ubushelelezi kwesinye isikhathi.
Izinyanga ezimbili zeMars zihlala zikhombisa ubuso obufanayo, njengoba kwenzeka ngesathelayithi yethu. Lokhu kungenxa yamandla olwandle ayiqinisa.
Izinyanga zaseMars ezivela emhlabeni
IPhobos izungeza iMars ngejubane elisheshayo. Lokhu kungenxa yokusondela kwayo. Kungenye yezizathu zokuthi kungani ikwazi ukuzungeza iplanethi ngesikhathi esifushane kangaka. Ukusuka ebusweni beMars kufana nokuthi ivela eNtshonalanga iye eMpumalanga. Ngokungafani nokwenzeka ngeDeimos, engabonakala kuMars sengathi iyinkanyezi ngenxa yobukhulu bayo nebanga layo. Kuyabonakala ukuthi kuvela eMpumalanga kuya eNtshonalanga. I-Phobos ingabonakala ngosuku ku-Mars cishe amahlandla ama-3. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iDeimos ibizobonakala kuphela njalo ngolunye usuku, ngenxa yesikhathi esithathayo ukuzungeza iMars.
Ekuqaleni kwekhulu leshumi nesikhombisa, UJohannes Kepler ubengabikezela ukuthi ngabe iJupiter ibinezinyanga ezi-4 noMhlaba eyodwa kuphela, ukuthi kuMars kuzoba nokuzungeza okubili, ngoba nakanjani kuzodingeka kube nezinyanga ezimbili. Lokhu kucabanga kwakulungile njengoba sibona namuhla. Inkinga ngaleyo mbono ukuthi iJupiter yayingenazo izinyanga ezi-4, kepha ziningi kakhulu. Ukutholwa kuthathe isikhathi eside ukwenzeka, ngenxa yosayizi omncane uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinyanga zamanye amaplanethi.
Ngo-Agasti 18, 1877, isazi sezinkanyezi u-Asaph Hall, ngaphansi kwengcindezi evela kumkakhe u-Angeline Stickney, ukwazile ukuthola iziphuphutheki ezimbili eWashington Naval Observatory. Namuhla kungabonakala ngesibonakude se-amateur esincane njengo-20 cm noma ngaphezulu. Usuku lokutholakala kwalo kwakuhlobene nesibonakude sokuvula esingama-66 cm.
Umsuka wezinyanga zeMars
Ukuchaza umsuka ongaba khona wezinyanga zeMars, kunezinkolelo-mbono eziningana. Esinye sazo yileso esisikisela ukuthi zingaqhamuka kwibhande le-Asteroid elizungeza phakathi kukaMars noJupiter. Lo mbono ungenza kube lula ukuchazwa kokuthi kungani benesimo esingajwayelekile.
Kukhona neminye imibono eveza ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi lezi ziphuphutheki zemvelo zivela ngendlela efanayo naleyo eyenzeka ngeNyanga. Lokho kusho ukuthi, kwaba nesikhathi lapho babeyingxenye yeMars nokuthi ngenxa yemithelela yemeteorite baziqhelanisa neplanethi ukuze bahlale bezungeza yona.
Curiosities
Sizoklelisa ezinye izifiso ezibaluleke kakhulu izinyanga zeMars ezinazo:
- IPhobos ihlukaniswe neMars amakhilomitha angama-9.380 ukusuka enkabeni. Ngayo yonke iminyaka yekhulu edlulayo, isondela kumamitha ayi-9 ngaphezulu. Lokhu kungenxa yesenzo samandla adonsela phansi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi, kungakapheli iminyaka eyizigidi ezingama-40, iPhobos igcina ishayisana neMars.
- Ngokungafani nokwenzeka ngeNyanga, lezi ziphuphutheki azibonisi ukukhanya kwelanga ngenxa yobukhulu bazo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi lapho kuhwalala, konke sekuhwalele futhi iplanethi ayinalo uhlobo lokukhanyisa.
- Inyanga iDeimos iya ngokuya ngokuya kude neplanethi iMars. Njalo lapho iba nomzila omude futhi kuthatha isikhathi esithe xaxa ukuqedela inguquko ephelele. Eminyakeni eyizigidi ezimbalwa, uDeimos ngeke esaba yingxenye yohlelo lweMartian. Lokhu kuzokwenza i-asteroid ekhukhulekayo ize izungeze enye iplanethi noma izulazule endaweni yonke. Le micimbi izopela ukuphela kwezinyanga zeMars.
Ngiyethemba lolu lwazi lukusiza ukwazi okwengeziwe ngezinyanga zeMars nezintshisekelo zazo. Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, akukho okukhona unomphela, futhi yize isikhathi esikalini sendawo yonke singekho ndawo esikalini somuntu, kukhona ne-alpha ne-omega.