Izintaba-mlilo yizinto zemvelo ezenzeka lapho i-magma evela ngaphakathi eMhlabeni ifinyelela phezulu. Lezi zimo zenzeka ezindaweni ezithile nangezikhathi ezithile. Ikakhulukazi incike endaweni yephutha nokuthi izintaba-mlilo ezisebenzayo noma ezithule. Ngakho-ke akuzona zonke izintaba-mlilo ezifanayo, zinezimo ezihlukene, izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-lava kanye nokuqhuma okuhlukene okunamandla ahlukene. Iziqhumane kakhulu ngokuvamile zibhekwa njengezintaba-mlilo eziyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela ukuthi yiziphi izintaba-mlilo eziyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni nokuthi ziyini izici zazo.
Izici zezintaba-mlilo
Khumbula, ukuvela kwezintaba-mlilo akukona ngengozi. Indawo yayo ngokuvamile inqunywa ukugqashuka kwamapuleti e-tectonic, izingxenye ezihlukene ezakha i-lithosphere. Lamapuleti ayanyakaza njengoba entanta phezu kwengubo ewuketshezi ngaphakathi eMhlabeni. Lapho zishayisana, noma lapho enye ihlukana kwenye, i-magma iyadalwa ngaphezu kokunyakaza okuwumphumela. I-Magma iwuketshezi olushisayo olwakha ingaphakathi lengubo. Emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, ivamise ukubheka izindawo zokuphuma, ekugcineni iyivumele ukuthi isebenzise noma iyiphi indawo ekhona oqweqweni loMhlaba ukuze ifinyelele phezulu. Uma lokho kwenzeka, yilapho kuzalwa khona izintaba-mlilo.
Nokho, ukuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo akukhona ukuqhuma okuqhubekayo kwe-magma. Ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho intaba-mlilo ikhafula i-magma phakathi kwayo, kuthiwa kuye kwaqhuma. Ukuqhuma kuncike ikakhulukazi emisebenzini yangaphakathi yoMhlaba. Ngale ndlela, singathola izintaba-mlilo ezisaqhuma nezingasebenzi kuye ngokuvama kokuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo. Ngokunengqondo, izintaba-mlilo eziyingozi kakhulu eMhlabeni kungaba izintaba-mlilo ezisebenzayo, njengoba kungenzeka ukuthi zikhiqize ukuqhuma kwe-magma okungalimaza indawo eseduze.
Nokho, lokho akusho ukuthi izintaba-mlilo ezithule azikho lokhu, njengoba izinsika ezidedela i-magma zihlale zikhona. Futhi, izintaba-mlilo zivame ukuba nokuqhuma okumangalisayo ngemva kokungenzi lutho isikhathi eside ngenxa yokuthi kwenzeka ngemithamo emikhulu ye-magma egcinwe isikhathi eside.
Izintaba-mlilo eziyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni kanye nedatha yazo yomsebenzi
Vesubio mont
Le ntaba-mlilo isogwini lwase-Italy, eduze kakhulu nedolobha laseNaples. Kuyintaba-mlilo edumile kusukela ngekhulu lokuqala AD Yayinesibopho sokungcwatshwa kwamadolobha aseRoma iPompeii neHerculaneum. Njengamanje, ibhekwa njengentaba-mlilo ethulile. Okuyingozi kakhulu kunanoma yini enye, njengoba ososayensi bethi izintaba-mlilo eziqhuma isikhathi eside zinamandla amakhulu omonakalo.
INtaba i-Etna
Enye intaba-mlilo enkulu e-Italy yiNtaba i-Etna, eseSicily oLwandle iMedithera. Ngo-1669, ukuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo kwahlasela idolobha elikhulu kunawo wonke esifundeni, iCatania. Ngo-1992, okunye ukuqhuma okufanayo kwacekela phansi ingxenye enkulu yesiqhingi, kodwa ngenhlanhla akuzange kufinyelele edolobheni.
nyiragongo
Le ntaba-mlilo itholakala eCongo. Ingenye yezintaba-mlilo eziqhuma kakhulu namuhla. Kwafa inqwaba yabantu lapho intaba-mlilo iqhuma ngo-1977. Futhi, ngo-2002, ukuqhuma kokugcina, kwafa abantu abangu-45 ngaphezu kokucekela phansi izakhiwo eziningi emadolobheni aseduze.
IMerapi
Le ntaba-mlilo e-Indonesia ingenye yezintaba-mlilo eziqhuma kakhulu emhlabeni wonke. Izazi zentaba-mlilo ziye zabala ukuthi ukusebenza kwayo kubangela ukuba iqhume njalo ngemva kweminyaka eyishumi noma ngaphezulu. Ngo-10, ukuqhuma kokugcina kwabulala izinkulungwane zabantu ababehlala eduze.
I-Papandayan
Enye intaba-mlilo, nayo ese-Indonesia, icishe iqhume njengeMount Merapi. Ukuqhuma kwayo kokugcina kwaba ngo-2002, okwadala umonakalo ezindaweni ezinkulu zomngcele. Kanye nokufuduka kwabaningi abahlala eduze, nakuba umonakalo ongokomzimba uncane kakhulu.
I-Mount teide
Kuyintaba-mlilo etholakala eCanary Island of Tenerife (Spain). Njengamanje, ihlukaniswa njengentaba-mlilo ethule. Nokho, lapho ivuka, ingaba nemiphumela eyinhlekelele kuso sonke isiqhingi, kusho izazi zentaba-mlilo. Asikwazi ukukhohlwa ukuthi iziQhingi zaseCanary zakhiwa iziqhingi zentaba-mlilo, okusinika umbono wamandla alesi simo.
sakura jima
Le ntaba-mlilo itholakala eJapane, ikakhulukazi esiqhingini saseKyushu. Yintaba-mlilo ephilayo futhi yagcina ukuqhuma ngo-2009. Ngaphezu kwezingozi ezibangelwa ukuba khona kwentaba-mlilo ngokwayo, sikhuluma ngezindawo ezinenani eliphezulu kakhulu labantu, okwandisa ingozi yokuthi intaba-mlilo izovimbela umsebenzi wokuphuma. .
I-Popocatepetl
Itholakala eMexico, amakhilomitha angama-70 kuphela ukusuka esifundeni saseFederal, intaba-mlilo iwusongo lwangempela uma kucatshangelwa inani labantu baleli dolobha elikhulu. Eqinisweni, i-Popocatepetl ingenye yezintaba-mlilo ezingaphezu kuka-20 ezisabalele kuyo yonke i-Aztec National Geographic, futhi ngenxa yokuthi ihlala phakathi kwamapuleti e-tectonic amaningana asebenza kakhulu, yaziwa ngomsebenzi wayo onamandla wokuzamazama komhlaba.
Isaha Elimnyama
Ukuze sisonge ukubuyekezwa kwethu kwentaba-mlilo eyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni, kusafanele sikhulume ngeSierra Negra eziQhingini zaseGalapagos. Ingenye yezintaba-mlilo eziqhuma kakhulu eMhlabeni futhi ukuqhuma kwayo kokugcina kwenzeka ngo-2005. Kulokhu, akudingeki sikhulume ngengozi ebeka ngayo kubantu, ngoba iziqhingi zaseGalapagos azinabantu abaningi kakhulu. Nokho, bakha i-ecosystem yezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zezinto eziphilayo ezihlale zisongelwa yile nto yemvelo.
eyjafjallajökull
Intaba-mlilo i-Eyjafjallajökull, i-titan engamamitha angaphezu kuka-1.600 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle, ihlezi phezu kweqhwa futhi ibilokhu isebenza iminyaka engu-8.000 edlule. Kuye kwaba nokuqhuma okuhlukene phakathi namakhulu eminyaka, okugqame kakhulu ukuqhuma kokugcina ngo-2010. Ukukhishwa kwemvelo kuye kwagcina iNyakatho Yurophu, ingakwazi ukusebenza ngenxa yokumiswa kwentaba-mlilo yomlotha, okuphoqelela ukukhanselwa kwamakhulu ezindiza izinsuku. Uma ufuna ukuhlola le ntaba enkulu, ungalandela umzila osogwini oluseningizimu ye-Iceland.
Iztaccihuatl
E-Izta-Popo Zoquiapan National Park, kukhona futhi enye yezintaba-mlilo eziyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni ebizwa ngokuthi i-Iztaccihuatl. Kuthiwa imidondoshiya emibili ethwesa umqhele wale ndawo yemvelo yizithandani ezimbili zaboMdabu ezabhekana nendaba yothando ebuhlungu.
Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nezintaba-mlilo eziyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni.