Izinhlobo ze-quartz

I-Quartz yiminerali eningi kunazo zonke ezingxenyeni zomhlaba, ibonakala ngezinhlobonhlobo zayo, ubujamo nemibala, okwenza ikhange kakhulu futhi ibaluleke. Ngenxa yokuhlukahluka kwayo nokuhlukahluka kwayo, inezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo. Kukhona okuhlukile izinhlobo ze-quartz futhi zinokusetshenziswa okwehlukile kuye ngombala nokwakheka ezinakho.

Ngakho-ke, sizonikezela le ndatshana ukukutshela ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-quartz ezikhona emhlabeni nokuthi yiziphi izici zazo eziyinhloko.

Kuyini?

I-Quartz iqukethe ingxenye eyodwa ye-silica gel nezingxenye ezimbili zomoya-mpilo. Ngenxa yokwakheka kwawo, amelana ngokwedlulele futhi anezinto ezenza leli mineral libe yinto ephelele yamadivayisi afana newashi noma amadivayisi wokudlulisa amaza omsakazo. Lawa matshe akholelwa ukuthi anamandla okuphulukisa, okuvikela nawokulawula amandla. Impucuko yasendulo efana nabaseGibhithe, ama-Aztec namaRoma ayisebenzisa ezintweni zokuhloba neziphandla ngoba bakholelwa ukuthi inamandla okwelapha umzimba nengqondo nokumelana namandla amabi.

I-Quartz ivela cishe noma kuphi emhlabeni futhi iza ngemibala ehlukene. Zisukela kokusobala ziye kokungabonakali ngokuphelele, futhi ngayinye ibhekwa inencazelo ehlukile.

Ngokwakheka kwayo, kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-quartz, yize edume kakhulu i-amethiste, i-citrine ne-quartz yobisi, ebhekwa njenge-gemology. Yini enye, Kunezinhlobo ezithile ze-quartz ezibhekwa njengamatshe ayigugu naphezu kwenani lazo elincane. Ngokuvamile, lezi zihlukaniswa ngokwezinhlobo zazo zama-crystallites, okungukuthi, umbala wazo. Ezinye zezinto ezivame kakhulu yilezi:

• I-quartz emhlophe ebisi, eguqukayo noma ecishe ibe opaque.
• Ingilazi ebhemayo, amathoni asobala nampunga.
• I-quartz yeCitrine, ophuzi ngokukhanyayo oku-orange.
• I-Amethiste, ecishe ibe ngaphansi ngokujulile onsomi.
• I-rose quartz, ngenxa yobukhona be-aluminium.

Izici zezinhlobo ze-quartz

Phakathi kwezici ezivame kakhulu phakathi kwazo zonke izinhlobo ze-quartz ezikhona sinokulandelayo:

• Ingilazi ye-Quartz ingeyesigaba sama-silicates, ikakhulukazi ama-tectosilicates.
• Ukwakheka kwawo okumsulwa kwamakhemikhali kufana ne-silicon dioxide (SiO2), okuyingxenye eyodwa ye-silicon nezingxenye ezimbili zomoya-mpilo.
• Kubonakala ngokuqina kwayo okuphezulu kwe-Mohs kwe-7.
• Ubuningi bayo noma amandla adonsela phansi athile acishe afane nenani eliphakathi koqweqwe lomhlaba, olusuka phakathi kuka-2,6 no-2,7 amagremu nge-cubic sentimitha ngayinye.
• Ine-crystal system eyinhloko ehambisana nohlelo lwe-crystal olunamacala ayisithupha.
• Ukukhazimula kwayo kufana kakhulu namakristalu engilazi.
• Ukuhlukaniswa kwayo noma ukungafihli lutho kuyakhanya noma kukhanyise, ukuze ukukhanya kudlule kalula engilazini.
• Ekugcineni, umbala wayo omthende awunambala noma awukho nhlobo.

Izinhlobo ze-quartz

Izinhlobo ze-quartz zibhekisa kuzo zonke izinhlobo ze-quartz, umehluko kuphela ukuthi ukungcola ekwakhekeni kwamakhemikhali ngekristalu kuhlukile, kepha ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali okuqala kwe-quartz (SiO2) kusahleli. Ukwehluka kwalokhu ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kunikeza i-quartz imibala ehlukahlukene.

I-quartz yeCrystalline

ICrystalline quartz yizo zonke izinhlobo ze-quartz, avela njengamakristalu ahlelwe kahle nezinhlayiya ezibonakalayo, okungukuthi, lapha ungabona ngokusobala ukwakheka kwe-quartz nazo zonke izici zayo.

Izibonelo ezivame kakhulu zaleli qembu ngamakristalu e-quartz (amakristalu amadwala), izinhlayiya zamaminerali ezitholakala ku-granite nas sandstone, ne-quartz etholakala emithanjeni.

I-Cryptocrystalline noma i-microcrystalline

Leli qembu lakhiwa amaminerali e-quartz, akhiwa amakristalu e-quartz amancane, okungukuthi, lawa makristalu awabonakali ngeso lenyama, kodwa ngokuhlangene akha uhlobo lwe-quartz ye-microcrystalline. Leli qembu livame ukubizwa ngokuthi yi-chalcedony.

Umsuka nokwakheka kwamatshe

I-Quartz yiminerali eningi kunayo yonke emhlabeni, yingakho isetshenziswa kakhulu ohlelweni lokuhlukaniswa kwamadwala angenalutho, amadwala enziwe ngamatshe kanye namadwala e-metamorphic. Imvelaphi yayo, imvelaphi kanye nokwakheka kwayo kuncike kakhulu endaweni yemvelo ehlobene nayo. I-quartz eyakha amatshe itholakala ukuthi ixubana nenani elikhulu lamaminerali ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zamatshe, okwenza kube yingxenye yokwakhiwa kwamakhemikhali awo amaminerali nokuthungwa kwamatshe.

Emadwaleni angenalutho, i-quartz icwilisa ngaphakathi kwe-magma futhi yenze ingxenye yegranite, i-diorite, i-granodiorite, njll. Izinhlobo ze-quartz crystallite zingahlanjululwa kusukela ekupholiseni okungazelelwe kwelava nezinto zokwakha i-pyroclastic, ngokwesibonelo, i-quartz iyingxenye ye-rhyolite, i-pumice noma i-dacite. Ekugcineni kuma-las rocas sedimentarias los granos de cuarzo van aqhamuka e-disgregación, meteorización, erosión ethunyelwa lapho desde otro tipo de rocas hasta evumelana ne-nueva roca sedimentaria.

Asebenza ngebhethri Hydrothermal

Asebenza ngebhethri Hydrothermal uhlobo lwe-quartz elicwebezelisiwe elivela ku-silicon dioxide oketshezini lwe-hydrothermal, futhi ngokuvamile ihlobene nezinhlobo ezithile zamadiphozithi amaminerali noma imithambo ye-hydrothermal noma amadiphozi amaminerali ngendlela yemithambo. Iningi lalemithambo ye-quartz ivame ukuthakazelisa ekuhlolweni kwezimayini ze-geological ngoba ingaqukatha izinsimbi ezithakazelisayo ezifana negolide, isiliva, ne-zinc.

I-quartz ye-Hydrothermal iyinhlanganisela yemagma equkethe amanzi namakristalu akha udaka. Le nqubo ivela ekushiseni okuphezulu kakhulu nokucindezela ngaphansi komhlaba, futhi amanzi angancibilika amaminerali ahlukene. Njengoba izinga lokushisa le-magma lehla, uketshezi olusele yi-quartz namanzi, lesi sixazululo sigeleza ngemifantu edwaleni elizungezile, lapho iphola khona bese iqala ukuqina ngokushesha.

Le nqubo ingakha amakristalu amahle e-quartz, kanye namakristalu we-garnet, i-calcite, i-sphalerite, i-tourmaline, i-galena, i-pyrite, ngisho nesiliva negolide. Esinye sezibonelo ezisobala kakhulu zalolu hlobo i-amethiste, eyi-quartz onsomi ye-microcrystalline. Umbala ungaba mkhulu noma kancane, kuya ngenani lensimbi (Fe + 3) eliqukethe. Lokhu kwakhiwa ezinhlanganisweni zesisombululo esine-iron oxide, emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kuka-300 ° C, azokhombisa umbala onsomi.

Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngezinhlobo ze-quartz nezici zazo.