Isitshalo se-geothermal
Amandla we-geothermal yilawo mandla angatholakala ngokusizakala ngokushisa kwangaphakathi koMhlaba. Lokhu kushisa kungenxa yezici eziningana, ukushisa kwaso okusele, i-gradient geothermal (ukukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa ngokujula) nokushisa kwe-radiogenic (ukubola kwama-isotopu e-radiogenic), phakathi kwabanye.
Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okushisa komhlaba kusakazeke kwamanye amazwe njenge Islandia elandisa cishe u-70% wamandla asetshenzisiwe ngenxa yendawo akuyo. Kwezinye izindawo ezinamathuba afanayo, njenge-Azores, ayandile kakhulu. Kwamanye amazwe afana Holland ukusetshenziswa kwayo kunqunyelwe ekushiseni futhi eMadrid ngokwesibonelo kusetshenziswa ohlelweni lokupholisa umoya lwangaphakathi lukamasipala. Isicelo kwezolimo, esasakazeke kakhulu, singavumela ukuthi kube nezindlu zokugcina izithombo ezonga amandla.
Amandla we-geothermal amandla asebenza kahle kakhulu kusukela ekubukeni kokusetshenziswa kwamandla nokonga ezomnotho. Imelela a ukonga amandla kanye nokonga phakathi kuka-60 no-80% uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlelo zendabuko zomoya ezifana negesi noma uwoyela kadizili. Isebenza kahle kakhulu kunamanye amandla avuselelekayo, njenge-biomass noma i-solar, uma kuqhathaniswa nokumelela ukonga okungaphezu kwama-50%.
Izindlu zokugcina izithombo ze-geothermal
Kufunwa ngokusebenzisa amandla we-geothermal, hhayi kuphela ukuhlinzeka izitshalo ngezimo ezingcono kakhulu zemvelo nezentuthuko kuyo yonke indawo yazo yokuziphendukela kwemvelo, kepha futhi ukunciphisa izindleko zamandla kuze kube sezingeni eliphezulu futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, ukunciphisa ubukhulu ukungcoliswa komkhathi.
Izindlu zokugcina izithombo zokusetshenziswa kwezolimo zinezidingo zamandla ezingadinga cishe amathani angama-400 kaphethiloli ngokwesilinganiso ehektheleni ezinyangeni ezingafudumele kangako. Lezi zidingo zikaphethiloli zizokwehliselwa ku-0 ngokusebenzisa ukushisa kwangaphakathi negesi yemvelo ekhiqizwa ekujuleni okuthile.
Ngokusebenzisa amasu ahlukene wokungenisa umoya, izinga lokushisa elifanele linganikezwa unyaka wonke ngokwandisa izinga lokushisa ebusika nokunciphisa izinga lokushisa langaphakathi njengoba kudingeka ehlobo. Ukusetshenziswa kwesisetshenziswa se-geothermal ku-cascade kuvame kakhulu, ngoba akuzona zonke izitshalo ezidinga ukudla okufanayo kwekhalori. Kumamojuli okuqala we-greenhouse, lapho kuthintwa amanzi ashisayo, izitshalo ezinesidingo esikhulu kunazo zonke zizotholakala. Lokhu kusetshenziswa kwe-cascade konga izindleko namandla.
Lolu hlobo lwamandla lunezinzuzo eziningi: ukuncika kwamandla ngaphandle bekungagwenywa, imfucuza ibizoncishiswa ibe sezingeni eliphansi futhi ingadala umthelela ophansi kwezemvelo kunalowo odalwe amandla omlilo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lolu hlelo lusindisa kakhulu, ngokonga nangamandla futhi lucabanga ukungabikho ngokuphelele komsindo wangaphandle. Kumele futhi kubhekwe ukuthi ingamandla avuselelekayo futhi angabi ngaphansi kwamanani emakethe. Usayizi odingekayo esitshalweni mncane kakhulu uma uqhathaniswa namanye amandla futhi umthelela wawo wokubuka uphansi kakhulu ngoba awudingi ukwakhiwa kwamadamu, ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, noma ukwakhiwa kwamathangi okugcina uphethiloli.
Yize futhi inezinkinga ezithile: kwezinye izimo ukukhishwa kwe-hydrogen sulfide okungabonakali kakhulu futhi kuyabulala, ukungcoliswa kwamanzi aseduze ngezinto ezifana ne-arsenic, i-ammonia, ukungcola okushisayo, ukuwohloka kwezwe futhi okungeke ezokuthutha (njengamandla ayisisekelo) futhi ukusetshenziswa kwazo kukhawulelwe ezindaweni ezithile.
Ukwaziswa okwengeziwe:Ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu: ingabe iplanethi izobhujiswa yinhlekelele?, INyakatho Yurophu ixwayile ngesiphepho esinamandla, Izithombe ezibabazekayo zokuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo iGrímsvötn,