Njengoba sazi, kunezinhlobo eziningi zemvula ngokuya ngemvelaphi yayo nezici zayo. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngakho izimvula ezidlulisayo. Ziyaziwa futhi ngegama lemvula ye-convection. Yimvula ekhiqizwa ukwehla kwengcindezi yasemkhathini ezingeni lendawo. Zidaleka sengathi kungamafu esesimweni esime mpo futhi imvula eshiya yona ivame ukuba miningi.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela konke odinga ukukwazi ngezimvula eziletha imvula nokuthi ziqala kanjani.
Ukuzikisa nokwakha
Into yokuqala ebalulekile ukwazi ukuthi kwenzeka kanjani emvuleni. Lapho umoya ongaphezulu ushisa, ukhuphukela phezulu. I-troposphere izinga lokushisa lalo liyancipha ngokuphakama, okusho ukuthi, lapho siya phezulu kubanda kakhulu, ngakho-ke lapho ubukhulu bomoya bukhuphuka, bungena emoyeni obandayo bese busutha. Phezu kokugcwala, ihlangana ibe ngamaconsi amancane amanzi noma amakristalu eqhwa (kuya ngethempelesha lomoya ozungezile) futhi izungeze izinhlayiya ezincane ezinobubanzi obungaphansi kwamamitha amabili i-hygroscopic condensation nuclei.
Lapho amaconsi amanzi ebambelela kwi-condensation nuclei kanye nenqwaba yomoya ebusweni engayeki ukukhuphuka, kwakheka ifu lokuthuthuka mpo, ngoba inani lomoya eligcwala ligcwaliswe lifana nokuthi kugcina kukhula ukuphakama. Lolu hlobo lwamafu akhiwa ngu Ukungazinzi komkhathi ibizwa ngokuthi UCumulus uyazithoba ukuthi, njengoba zikhula zibheka phezulu futhi zifinyelela ubukhulu obukhulu (obanele ukuvumela noma imiphi imisebe yelanga ukuthi idlule), ibizwa I-Cumulonimbus.
Ngomphunga osesikhaleni somoya ofinyelela ukugcwala ukuze uhlangane ube ngamaconsi, kufanele kuhlangatshezwane nemibandela emibili: eyokuqala ukuthi ubukhulu bomoya selipholile ngokwaneleOkwesibili ukuthi kune-hygroscopic condensation nuclei emoyeni lapho kungenza khona amaconsi amanzi.
Lapho amafu esekwenzile, yini eyenza abangele imvula, isichotho noma iqhwa, okungukuthi, uhlobo oluthile lwemvula? Amaconsi amancane akha ifu futhi amiswe ngaphakathi kulo ngenxa yokuba khona kokuvuselelwa, azoqala ukukhula ngokudonsela amanye amaconsi awathola ekwindla kwawo. Amabutho amabili enza ngokuyisisekelo kudonsa ngamunye: ngenxa yokudonsa ukuthi umoya ophakeme usebenza kuwo, futhi isisindo samaconsi uqobo.
Lapho amaconsi emakhulu ngokwanele ukunqoba amandla okuhudula, azogijimela phansi. Uma amaconsi amanzi echitha isikhathi eside efwini, aba maningi, njengoba engeza kwamanye amaconsi nakwezinye izakhi ze-condensation. Ngaphezu kwalokho, futhi kuncike esikhathini lapho amaconsi achitha ekhuphuka futhi ehla efwini kanye nenani eliphelele lamanzi ifu elinalo.
Izimvula ezivezayo
Izimvula ezivezayo zenziwa zombili ngokuvuka komoya ofudumele nomoya oswakeme. Umhlaba ufudumala kwezinye izifunda ukwedlula ezinye. Konke kuncike ebusweni bomhlaba nasezimweni zemisebe yelanga. Kwenzeka okufanayo ngohlobo lwezimila ezakha indawo ngayinye. Lezi zici zenza ukuthi ukushisa kudluliselwe emoyeni okuyizingxenye eziphakeme kakhulu nangendlela ye-bubble. Njengoba ukuphakama kukhuphuka, izinga lokushisa liyashintsha futhi livikele kuze kube yilapho luba bubble lomoya obandayo. Endabeni lapho umoya ulayishwe khona umswakama, kwakheka ifu futhi kulapho inqubo yokuncipha kwenzeka bese imvula yehla.
Isimo semvelo sezimvula ezihambayo Kungabuye kwakhiwe uhlobo lwenkungu. Lokhu kuvumela ukuphakama okuqondile komoya oswakeme ohlobene nenqubo yokudlulisa futhi kuyisici sazo zombili izifunda ezishisayo nezinomswakama. Akumangazi ukuthi lo mkhuba uvame kakhulu ngezikhathi zonyaka zasehlobo nasezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esipholile kakhulu. Imvamisa zenzeka ngeziphepho futhi ziza nombani nokuduma.
Kwenzeka ezindaweni ezinezici ezicabalele noma ezinokungapheleli okuncane endaweni. Lezi zindawo zinobukhona bomswakama nomoya ofudumele odala ukwakheka kwamafu ohlobo lweCumulonimbus.
Umsuka wezimvula ezivezayo
Lezi zimvula zivela lapho isisindo somoya esisezingeni lokushisa eliphakeme sihlangana nomfula wamanzi njengomfula. Kubangela lokhu kuhlangana, okushisa okuhlukile, kwakheka ifu eligcwalisa ngokushesha umhwamuko wamanzi futhi likhiqize izimvula ezinkulu.
Lapho imisebe yelanga ihlasela kakhulu umhlaba, umhlaba uyafudumala. Lapho umhwamuko wamanzi ukhuphuka uyagcwala futhi uthintana nengxenye ephezulu kakhulu yomkhathi. Njengoba umoya ukhuphuka, ufinyelela amazinga okushisa aphansi futhi uyancipha njengoba behlangabezana nendawo yamazolo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izinga lokushisa lomhwamuko wamanzi lilingana nokwehla kwempuphu.
Ukuze izimvula ezivezayo zenzeke kuyadingeka ukuthi amafu akhe ngaphambili ngaphambilini ngemuva kwenqubo yokugcwalisa umusi wamanzi. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi imvula yenziwe ngamaconsi amakhulu amanzi.
Izici eziyinhloko
Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izici eziyinhloko zezimvula ezinamandla:
- Imvula zenziwa yimisinga ekhuphuka ngenxa yomoya oswakeme. Lo moya uyakhuphuka futhi uhambe ubonga amaseli we-convection owaziwayo.
- Umoya ukhuphuka ngokungalindelekile ngenxa yokungaguquguquki okuncane umoya okukuwo, okwenza amaphakethe emoyeni afana nebhaluni.
- Njengoba umoya uphola ufinyelela emazingeni okushisa aseduze nendawo yamazolo.
- Lapho ukufingqa komoya kuqala, ifu liqala ukwakheka futhi lidale izimvula esifundeni lapho lakhe khona.
- Izimvula ezivezayo Zifana nezifunda ezishisayo lapho kunomswakama nomoya ofudumele. Imvamisa ihambisana nombani nombani futhi idala izivunguvungu zikagesi.
- Ziyizimvula ezingadala nesichotho.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngezimvula ezivezayo nezici zazo.