Izici zelanga

ilanga nezinkanyezi

Inkanyezi eyakha isikhungo se uhlelo lwelanga futhi ilanga lisondele kakhulu emhlabeni. Ngenxa yelanga, amandla esimo sokukhanya nokushisa anikezwa iplanethi yethu. Yile nkanyezi eqala izimo zezulu ezahlukahlukene, imisinga yolwandle nezinkathi zonyaka. Lokho wukuthi, kungenxa yelanga ukuthi kunikezwe izimo eziyinhloko ezidingekayo ukuze kube khona impilo. I- izici zelanga ahlukile futhi ayathandeka ukukwenza.

Ngakho-ke, sizonikezela le ndatshana ukukutshela ukuthi ziyini izici zelanga, ukubaluleka kwalo kanye nezinye izifiso.

Origen

uhlelo lwelanga

Kumele sikhumbule ukuthi ilanga yinto ebaluleke kakhulu yasezulwini ukuze kusinde zonke izidalwa eziphilayo. Izinto abakheke ngazo kulinganiselwa ukuthi ziqale ukugcwala ngenxa yesenzo samandla adonsela phansi. Amandla adonsela phansi yiwo akhiqize lokho udaba lwalunqwabelana futhi izinga lokushisa nalo lalikhula. Ifike eqophelweni lapho izinga lokushisa lalibucayi ngamanani acishe abe yisigidi esingu-degrees Celsius. Kungalesi sikhathi lapho, ngenxa yezinga lokushisa eliphakeme kanye namandla adonsela phansi kanye nodaba, kuqale ukusabela kwenuzi, nokuyikho okhiphe inkanyezi ezinzile esiyaziyo namuhla. Kungashiwo ukuthi isikhungo sakho konke lokhu kusabela kwenuzi yisiphenduli.

Ngokuvamile, singabheka ilanga njengenkanyezi ejwayelekile yize inesisindo, irediyasi nezinye izinto ezingaphandle kwalokho okubhekwa njengesilinganiso sezinkanyezi. Mhlawumbe yilezi zici ezenza kube ukuphela kohlelo lwamaplanethi nezinkanyezi ezisekela impilo.

Umuntu ubelikhangwa yilanga futhi udale izindlela eziningi zokulitadisha yize engakwazanga ukulibuka ngqo. Ukubhekwa kwelanga kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa izibonakude esezinesikhathi eside zikhona emhlabeni. Kulezi zinsuku, ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe, ilanga lingafundwa futhi ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kweziphuphutheki zokuzenzela. Nge i-spectroscopy isivumela ukuthi sazi ukwakheka kwelanga. Enye indlela yokufunda le nkanyezi ama-meteorites. Futhi ngukuthi lena ingumthombo wolwazi ngoba igcina ukwakheka kwasekuqaleni kwefu le-protostellar.

Izici zelanga

izici zelanga

Ezinye zezici zelanga ezenza inkanyezi eyingqayizivele yilezi ezilandelayo:

  • Isimo cishe siyindilinga. Ngokungafani nezinye izinkanyezi, ukwakheka kwelanga kumane nje kuthabathe kancane ezingongolweni zalo. Lokhu kuthafa kubangelwa ukujikeleza. Ukusuka emhlabathini kungabonakala njenge disk eyindilinga ngokuphelele.
  • Izakhi zalo eziningi kakhulu i-hydrogen ne-helium.
  • Uma kulinganiswa kusuka emhlabathini, usayizi we-angular welanga ucishe ube yingxenye yezinga.
  • Ingqikithi yengqikithi cishe ingamakhilomitha angama-700.000 futhi ilinganiselwe kusuka kusayizi wayo we-angular. Ububanzi bayo sebuphindwe cishe izikhathi eziyi-109 kunalokho komhlaba. Noma kunjalo, ilanga libhekwa njengenkanyezi encane.
  • Kutholakele ukuthi ibanga phakathi kwelanga nomhlaba lithathwa njengeyunithi yezinkanyezi.
  • Ubukhulu belanga bungalinganiswa ngokusheshisa okutholwa ngumhlaba lapho usondela eduze kwawo.
  • Kuyaziwa ukuthi ilanga lihlangabezana nemijikelezo noma izinkathi zomsebenzi omkhulu futhi lihlobene nomazibuthe. Kungaleso sikhathi lapho kuvela khona ama-sunspots, ama-flares noma ama-flares nokuqhuma kobukhulu be-coronal.
  • Ubuningi belanga buphansi kakhulu kunobo bomhlaba. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi le nkanyezi iyinhlangano enegesi.
  • Esinye sezici ezithandwa kakhulu yilanga ukukhanya kwaso. Kuchazwa njengenani lamandla elikwazi ukukhipha iyunithi ngayinye yesikhathi. Amandla elanga alingana ngaphezulu kokuyishumi emandleni ama-kilowatts angama-23. Ukuqhathanisa, isibani se-incandescent siyaziwa ukuthi sikhipha ngaphansi kwama-kilowatts ayi-0.1.
  • Ukushisa kwelanga okuphumelelayo kwelanga cishe kungama-degree ayi-6.000. Kuyizinga lokushisa elijwayelekile, yize umongo nomqhele wawo kuyizindawo ezishisa kakhulu.

Ukwahlukaniswa nokwakheka kwelanga

isakhiwo selanga

Lapho sesibonile izici zelanga, sizobona ukuthi lihlukaniswa kanjani kusayensi yezinkanyezi. Kubhekwa njengenkanyezi encane ephuzi. Lezi zinkanyezi zisesigabeni sokuthi inesisindo esiphakathi kuka-0.8-1.2 ephindaphinda isisindo se- Ilanga. Izinkanyezi zinezici ezithile ze-spectral ngokusho kokukhanya kwazo, ubukhulu, nokushisa kwazo.

Ukwenza lula ukutadisha nolwazi lwezimpawu zelanga, ukwakheka kwalo kuhlukaniswe izendlalelo eziyisithupha. Isatshalaliswa ezindaweni ezihlukaniswe kahle kakhulu futhi iqala kusukela ngaphakathi. Ihlukaniswe ngo:

Umgogodla welanga

Kucishe kube yi-1/5 ye-radius yelanga ngosayizi. Kulapha lapho kukhiqizwa khona wonke amandla aphuma ngenxa yamazinga okushisa aphezulu. Lapha kufinyelelwa emazingeni okushisa ama-degrees Celsius ayizigidi eziyishumi nanhlanu. Futhi izingcindezi ezinjalo eziphakeme ziyayenza endaweni elingana ne-reactor fusion nyukliya. Amandla adonsela phansi asebenza njengesiqiniseko se-reactor lapho kwenzeka khona ukusabela phakathi kwe-hydrogen nuclei eba yi-helium nuclei. Kuyaziwa ngokuthi yi-nyukliya fusion.

Ezinye izinto ezisindayo nazo ziyakhiqizwa, njengekhabhoni ne-oxygen. Konke lokhu kusabela kukhipha amandla ahamba phakathi kwelanga ukuze asabalale kusimiso sonozungezilanga. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi ngomzuzwana ngamunye ilanga liguqula amathani ayizigidi ezinhlanu esisindo abe amandla amsulwa.

Indawo enemisebe

Amandla aqhamuka kuyi-nucleus ahambela ngaphandle aye emshinini wemisebe. Kule ndawo yonke into ekhona isesimweni se-plasma. Izinga lokushisa lapha aliphakeme njengomsuka, kepha lifinyelela ku-kelvin ongaba yizigidi ezinhlanu. Amandla aguqulwa abe ama-photon adluliswayo futhi abuyiswe kabusha izikhathi eziningi izinhlayiya ezakha i-plasma.

Indawo eqondisayo

Le ndawo yingxenye lapho ama-photon avela endaweni ekhipha imisebe afika khona futhi izinga lokushisa lilinganiselwa ku-2 million kelvin. Ukuthuthwa okuvela emandleni kuba nge-convection ngoba lapha lolu daba alunanjoni kangako. Ukuthuthwa kwamandla okwenziwa yi-convection kukhiqizwa ukuhamba kwama-eddies amagesi emazingeni okushisa ahlukahlukene.

I-Photosphere

Kuyingxenye yendawo ebonakalayo yenkanyezi kanye naleyo esihlala siyibona. Ilanga aliqinile ngokuphelele kodwa lenziwe nge-plasma. I-photosphere ungayibona ngesibonakude inqobo nje uma inesihlungi ukuze ingaphazamisi ukubona kwethu.

I-Chromosphere

Ingxenye engaphandle impela yesithombe sendawo futhi ilingana nalokho obekungumkhathi wayo. Ukukhanya lapha kubomvu ngokubomvu futhi kunokuqina okuguqukayo okunesilinganiso sokushisa esiphakathi kwamadigri ayizinkulungwane ezi-5 nezili-15.

Corona

Ungqimba olunesimo esingajwayelekile futhi ludlulela kuma-radii amaningana elanga. Iyabonakala ngeso lenyama futhi izinga lokushisa layo lizungeze u-2 million kelvin. Kusacacile ukuthi kungani izinga lokushisa lale ungqimba liphakeme kangaka, kodwa zihlobene namandla amakhulu kazibuthe akhiqizwa yilanga.

Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nezici zelanga.


Yiba ngowokuqala ukuphawula

Shiya umbono wakho

Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

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  1. Ubhekele imininingwane: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.