Yonke iplanethi iyasebenzela ukunciphisa imiphumela yokuguquka kwesimo sezulu kanye nesimo sezulu esifanele lapho niphile ngokuthula. Ngokufingqa kuka-2016 ngizokubeka esimweni sezulu.
Unyaka wezi-2016 ubonakala ngegama elizozwakala isikhathi eside: Isivumelwano saseParis. Lesi sivumelwano sesiqale ukusebenza futhi sigunyazwe amazwe ayi-120. Ake sibheke isimo sezulu njengoba besilokhu sikhona kulo nyaka.
Isivumelwano SaseParis
Isivumelwano saseParis sibe yindawo engenakuphikiswa yesivumelwano esedlule Isivumelwano seKyoto. Inhloso ukukwazi ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa ukuze silwe nokuguquka kwesimo sezulu futhi sikhuthaze ukuguqulwa kwamandla. Lesi Sivumelwano siqale ukusebenza Novemba 4 ngesikhathi sokurekhoda uma kuqhathaniswa nephrothokholi yaseKyoto lapho inqubo yokuvunywa yathatha cishe iminyaka eyisikhombisa.
Lesi sivumelwano esikhulu sesimo sezulu sigunyazwe amazwe abhekele ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa okuphezulu kakhulu emhlabeni. Kuningi kakhulu lokho zibala cishe i-90% yokukhishwa komhlaba. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukhetho lobumongameli baseMelika lwakhuphula umbono omubi wesimo sezulu seplanethi, njengoba wakhethwa UDonald Trump.
UDonald Trump uyindoda alikholelwa ekuguqukeni kwesimo sezulu ngoba ucabanga ukuthi yindaba eqanjwe amaShayina ukuze athole ukuncintisana. Kodwa-ke, yize u-Donald Trump anqobe isikhundla sikamongameli, ukungena ngokushesha kweNgqungquthela yesimo sezulu eMarrakech akuzange kudale noma yikuphi ukuqhekeka noma izinkinga kumhlahlandlela weSivumelwano. UDonald Trump, ngesikhathi sakhe sobandlululo, ukuqinisekisile ukuthi, uma engakhethwa njengoMongameli, uzokhipha zonke izimali ezenzelwe izenzo ezithinta ukulwa nokuguquka kwesimo sezulu, ngoba lokho okungekho kuye.
Njengengxenye yethemba ngesimo sezulu seplanethi yethu, alikho izwe elinikeze uphawu engqungqutheleni yaseMarrakech ukulandela umongameli wase-US uma kwenzeka esilahlile isivumelwano njengoba athembisa emkhankasweni wakhe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amandla omhlaba kanye nalabo ababhekele inani elikhulu kakhulu lokukhishwa komhlaba njenge-European Union, China, India noma iBrazil basheshe basho ukuthi ukuguqulwa kwamandla nokugxila emnothweni ohlaza okwedlulele ngamandla avuselelekayo kwakudingeka ukuze bakwazi ukugwema izimo ezingenakuguqulwa nezinhlekelele zemvelo.
Ukukhishwa komhlaba
Sekungunyaka wesithathu kulandelana, ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa komhlaba kuzinzile futhi akukhuphuki kusukela ngo-2014. Lokhu kudalwe kakhulu wukusha kwamalahle eChina nase-United States.
Kusesekuseni ukusho ukuthi ukukhishwa komhlaba kukhuphuke kakhulu futhi ngeke kwande esikhathini esizayo ngoba namanje asinayo imininingwane eyanele yokwenza isitatimende esinjalo. Kodwa kuyiqiniso ukuthi kunezimpawu ezisobala zokuthi kube khona ukungafani phakathi kwentuthuko nokukhula komnotho okungahlobene nokungcola. Lokho kusho ukuthi, kuyenzeka ukuthi kuthuthukiswe futhi kukhule ngokomnotho ezweni ngaphandle kwesidingo sokwandisa ukungcola sibonga ubuchwepheshe obusha, ukusebenza kahle kwamandla namandla avuselelekayo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, elinye iqiniso elinethemba ukuthi i-International Energy Renewable Agency (I-IRENA, ngesifinyezo sayo esiNgisini) imemezele ukuthi u-2015 umake irekhodi lotshalo-mali kuma-renewable (amadola ayizigidi ezingama-348.000) nokuthi amazwe amathathu aseLatin America ahamba phambili ohlwini lwabazothola okufanayo: iBrazil, iChile neMexico. Yize ukutshalwa kwezimali ngonyaka we-2016 bekulokhu kuphansi, irekhodi lamanani aphansi wamandla ahlanzekile nobuchwepheshe obuvuselelekayo kungabalwa. IChile ifinyelele entengo ephansi yamandla elanga we-photovoltaic esungulwe ngamasenti angu-2,9 ngehora le-kilowatt.
Ekugcineni, cishe 1% wabanikazi bezimpahla zomhlaba jikelele Banqume ukuhlukaniswa nezinto zokubasa ezimbiwa phansi, kufaka phakathi isikhwama esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, isikhwama sempesheni yomphakathi waseNorway, esithuthele izigidi ezingama-863.000 ekutshaleni imali ngaphandle kwezingozi ezihambisana nokuguquka kwesimo sezulu.