Ogwini nasezilwandle sithola izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-geological ezinezici ezikhethekile. Enye yazo yi- isitaki solwandle. Yinsika yedwala ehlangana namanzi eduze nogu. Zivamile ogwini lomhlaba wonke. NgesiNgisi yaziwa ngokuthi i-Sea Stack futhi kufanele wazi ukuthi ungazikhomba kanjani kahle ngoba zingadala izinkinga kumatilosi.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela konke okudingeka ukwazi mayelana nesitaki solwandle, yiziphi izici zayo kanye nokwakheka.
Siyini isitaki sasolwandle
Izitaki zasolwandle ziyizinsika zamatshe ezitholakala emanzini eduze nosebe. Izinsika zasolwandle zivamile ezindaweni eziningi zomhlaba, futhi ezinye zidume kakhulu. Njengezinye izici ezitholakala ngasogwini, izindunduma zasolwandle nazo zihlala ziguquguquka, nezindunduma zolwandle ezintsha zihlala zivela futhi ezindala ziyanyamalala. Kuyaziwa ukuthi ezinye izitaki zasolwandle zingaguguleka zibe izendlalelo ezingajwayelekile nezikhangayo, okuzenze zibe isihloko esidumile kubathwebuli bezithombe nabadwebi.
Ukunqwabelana kolwandle kungenxa yokuguguleka kwemvelo kwamakhanda asogwini. Ngokuvamile, ulwandle luqale lusebenzise imbobo emthonjeni ukwenza i-arc enwebeka kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ekugcineni i-arch iyawa, ishiye inqwaba yolwandle ngakolunye uhlangothi kanye ne-promontory ngakolunye uhlangothi. Ngemva kokuhlukana nogu, inqwaba yolwandle kancane kancane izoqala ukuguguleka, inyibilike emanzini, noma iwe.
Empeleni, inqwaba yolwandle ifana nesiqhingi esincane kakhulu. Kwezinye izimo, isitaki solwandle empeleni siyingxenye yesiqhingi esigugile. Izinyoni eziningi ezifudukayo zisebenzisa izitaki zasolwandle ukuze zakhe izidleke nezindawo zokukhosela futhi bayakwazisa ukuhlukaniswa kwabo nokuphepha okulinganiselwe. Izitaki zasolwandle nazo zithandwa kakhulu ngabaqwali, ngoba abaningi babo baletha izinselele ezithakazelisayo.
Izici eziyinhloko
Ukusatshalaliswa kwezitaki zasolwandle endaweni kuyahlukahluka, kuye ngohlobo lwamadwala akha i-promontory, izimo zemvelo kanye nesimo sezulu, kanye nemisinga ekhona. Kwezinye izimo, indawo ingase igcwale izinqwaba zasolwandle ezenziwe ngamatshe aqine kakhulu, kuyilapho kwezinye izimo, ugu lunezinqwaba ezimbalwa kuphela ezenziwe ngezinto ezithambile neziphukayo njenge-limestone ne-sandstone. Njengoba imithombo eminingi yenziwe imibhede yasolwandle yasendulo, ezinye izitaki zasolwandle zizobonisa izinsalela zezinto eziphilayo ezithakazelisayo phakathi nenqubo yokuguguleka.
Kunconywa ukuthi uqhubeke ngokuqapha lapho useduze nolwandle. Inqwaba ingabhidlika ngephutha, idale ukulimala kunoma ubani omile noma ozulazula eduze. Lapho ukhuphuka izindunduma zasolwandle, kungcono ukunaka amatshe athambile futhi aphukayo, okungase kunciphe ngaphansi kwesisindo sabaqwali, futhi ugweme ikakhulukazi izinqwaba zasolwandle ezincane nezincane ngoba zingaba ntekenteke kakhulu. Futhi, ngenxa yokuthi lezi zinyoni zisebenzisa izitaki zasolwandle njengezindawo zokuzalela, izikhungo zokuvikela zingase zibeke imingcele ekufinyeleleni kwezitaki zasolwandle ukuze zivikele izinyoni.
Ukwakhiwa kwesitaki solwandle
Zonke izitaki zasolwandle ezidingekayo ukuze zakheke iwa, amanzi amancane, nesikhathi esiningi. Izinkulungwane noma izigidi zeminyaka, eqinisweni.
La ukuguguleka kogu noma ukuguguleka kancane kwamadwala ngamanzi nomoya ngokuhamba kwesikhathi eside kudala inqwaba. Zonke izitaki zasolwandle ziqala njengengxenye yokwakheka kwamatshe aseduze. Iminyaka eyinkulungwane yomoya namagagasi ashaya idwala futhi alihlephula. Amandla alokhu okubili adala imifantu etsheni futhi, kancane kancane, imifantu iphenduka izicucu eziwa edwaleni elikhulu.
Uma ama-chips anele ewa, kwakhiwa izimbobo ezisuka kolunye uhlangothi lwe-rock outcrop kuya kolunye. Ekugcineni umoya namanzi kuya kolunye uhlangothi, kudala umhume noma ikhothamo. Ezizukulwaneni eziningi, le khothamo nayo iyawa, ihlukanise ingxenye yedwala eweni lokuqala. Lesi isitaki sakho sasolwandle.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, nalokhu kuyehla, yini edala ukuthi inqwaba idilike, eshiya lokho okwaziwa ngokuthi isiphunzi solwandle. Noma iyiphi inqwaba ingaphenduka isiphunzi njengoba amanzi enqamula phansi, ngakho abaqwali kufanele baphathe izinqwaba ngokuqapha.
Zingabonwa kuphi?
Izitaki zolwandle zingatholakala kuwo wonke amazwekazi ayisikhombisa, ngalinye ligqamisa umehluko ocashile endleleni enziwe ngayo. Ngokwesibonelo, izitaki zasolwandle eLagos, ePortugal, zidalwe edwaleni le-sedimentary, ngezinto ezihlukahlukene zemvelo ezihlanganayo ukuze zibanike umphumela omuhle oklwetshiwe. Kodwa-ke, leli dwala alizinzile futhi liyaphuka, okusho ukuthi ngisho namagagasi athambile angaqala inqubo yokuguguleka.
Futhi eYurophu, kuneNqaba yaseNorth Gaulton ebukeka ngokwesabekayo esiqhingini esikhulu sase-Orkney Islands eScotland. Sekuyisikhathi eside iheha abaqwala izintaba, njengoba ibanzi kakhulu phezulu kunaphansi. Ezinye izibonelo ezihlaba umxhwele zingabonakala eNingizimu Melika (eGalapagos), eNyakatho Melika (eNewfoundland, eCanada), e-Asia (Phang Nga Bay, Thailand), nasezindaweni ezizungezile zase-Arctic, njengeVik (Iceland) naseziqhingini zaseFaroe. .
Lezi ezimbalwa zezitaki zasolwandle ezihlaba umxhwele ezingatholakala emhlabeni wonke. Phela, noma iyiphi indawo enamawa futhi ulwandle lungadala eyodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, futhi abavakashi abanamehlo okhozi bangawabona kuwo wonke amazwekazi ayisikhombisa.
Njengoba ubona, eplanethini yethu ungathola ukwakheka okuhlukahlukene kokuma komhlaba okuthatha izinkulungwane zeminyaka ukuze kwakheke. Nokho, zingacekelwa phansi ngesenzo somuntu emizuzwini embalwa. Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nesitaki solwandle, yiziphi izici zalo nokuthi zakhiwe kanjani.