Isimo sezulu esiphakeme sezintaba

Everest

El isimo sezulu esiphakeme sezintaba Kubonakala ngokuba nobusika obubanda kakhulu obunesikhathi eside, lapho kubhalwa khona amazinga okushisa angaphansi kuka-zero abeka noma ngubani ofuna ukukhuphuka noma ukuhlala kuwo esivivinyweni. Amahlobo futhi apholile futhi amafushane, ngakho-ke asikho isikhathi sonyaka esishisayo, okungenani hhayi njengoba thina esihlala ezindaweni eziphansi siyazi.

Kepha ziyini izici zalesi simo sezulu? Ngubani noma ngubani ongaphila nalezi zimo? Sizokhuluma ngalokhu nokuningi ngezansi.

Izici zesimo sezulu esiphakeme sezintaba

Intaba

Isimo sezulu esiphakeme sezintaba sivela ezindaweni eziphakeme ngaphezu kwe-1200m. Ine-oscillation eshisayo, okungukuthi, umehluko phakathi kwezinga lokushisa eliphakeme nelincane, elingu-10,5ºC. Isimo sayo sezulu sihluke kakhulu kwesimo sezulu sendawo, ngenxa yokuthi izinga lokushisa lehla ngokuphakama. Ngenxa yalokhu, I-gradient ye-thermal ayifanele, ukusuka ku-0,5ºC kuye ku-1ºC njalo emamitheni ayi-100. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ikakhulukazi emthambekeni oya komoya, okungukuthi, lapho umoya ushaya khona kakhulu, umswakama ohambisanayo nezimvula ezikhiqizwa ukuphakama kokholomu womoya lapho uhlangana nentaba, eyaziwa njengezimvula ze-orographic, ukwanda. Emthambekeni obushelelezi nazo zingakhula, kepha hhayi kangako, ngoba umoya usuvele womile lapho wehla futhi umfutho womoya uyanda. Ngale njongo ibizwa ngeFoëhn Wind noma iFöehn Effect, futhi eSpain singayithola eNhlonhlweni Yase-Iberia, ikakhulukazi ePyrenees, Central System naseBaltic Mountain Ranges.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kungezwe ukuthi ezintabeni eziphakeme, ukuqothulwa kukhulu kunasezindaweni eziphansi. Kepha, yize kunombuso othile womoya, izindimbane zomoya nezindawo ezithinta isimo sezulu sendawo, nazo ziyabathinta. Imvula lapha ziyindlala kakhulu ngesimo semvula entwasahlobo nasehlobo, nangesimo seqhwa ekwindla nasebusika.

Ngubani ohlala ezintabeni eziphakeme?

Yize kubonakala kungakholeki, kunezilwane eziningi nezitshalo ezihlala ezintabeni.

Flora

I-Fagus sylvatica

Izimbali zihlukaniswa amakilasi, noma izimo zezulu ezazibizwa ngaphambili, futhi ngukuthi umehluko wezinga lokushisa nomswakama ezindaweni ezahlukene noma "phansi" kwenza ngamunye wabo abone uhlobo oluthile lwezidalwa zezitshalo ezihlala emithambekeni yezintaba. Kepha lokhu akusho ukuthi zingama "phansi" azimele, ngoba empeleni ziphazamisa ezinye.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zama-clisery:

  • Ukuphakama: okungenxa yokwehluka kwezinga lokushisa elihlobene nokuphakama.
  • Ububanzi: okungenxa yokuhluka kwamazinga okushisa ahlobene nebanga elisuka enkabazwe.

Ukwahlukanisa izitshalo zezintaba kusetshenziswa i-cliserie ye-altitude, okungabuye kuhlukaniswe izindawo ezinhlanu noma phansi:

  • Izingqungquthela: ezindaweni eziphakeme, sizothola izitshalo ezincane, ezigcinwa njalo eduze nomhlabathi, njengobulembu nobulembu. Ezindaweni ezipholile utshani bungakhula, bakhe utshani.
  • AmaConifers: kunama-conifers amaningi asetshenziselwe ukuhlala esimweni sezulu esiphakeme sezintaba, ngamazinga okushisa aqandayo. E-Spain sithola, isibonelo, umuthi we-fir waseSpain nophayini omnyama.
  • Khuhla: Ukwehla kancane sinamajunipha nojunipha, angama-conifers adinga amazinga okushisa aphakeme kancane.
  • Amahlamvu: Kule ngxenye yentaba singabona izihlahla eziningi ezinamakhaza zikhula, njenge-beech, i-oki noma i-chestnut, kepha futhi nezinye izihlahla eziluhlaza, njenge-holm oak, ezijwayele ukuhlala ezindaweni lapho imvula incane khona. Singabona nezihlahla zikaphayini, kepha kuphela lapho zinyamalale khona.
  • Izitshalo ezidinga amazinga okushisa aphezulu: engxenyeni engezansi yentaba, kukhula izihlahla zikakhokho, izihlahla ze-carob, i-Aleppo pines, i-holm oak.

Fauna

USarrio ePicos de Europa

Uma kunezitshalo, kukhona nezilwane, yize kungenjalo. Kepha bonke bangabasindile abazelwe, abakwazile ukuzivumelanisa nesimo sezulu esibi ngendlela exakile. ESpain sithola abaningana abahlala cishe ngaphandle kwezinkinga ezintabeni eziphakeme. Isibonelo, phakathi kwama-amphibian, sithola i- i-pyrenean newt noma i ixoxo elibomvu. Kukhona nenyoka yezikhathi ezithile, njenge inyoka yezinyoka, ngasendleleni enesihlungu esinobuthi, ngakho-ke ukuphepha kungcono ukungathinti noma iyiphi inyoka uma ungazi ukuthi wenzani.

Kunezilwane ezinegazi elifudumele, njenge- chamois ongabona esithombeni ngenhla. Lesi silwane esihle ngokubabazekayo sishintsha ijazi laso ebusika ukuze sikwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphansi. Futhi kukhona namagundane nawo, afana ne- iqhwa vole, uyabona. Izinyoni ziyathanda i-alpine weevil noma i ptarmigan Zihlala unyaka wonke ezintabeni eziphakeme, zondla ngakho konke ezikutholayo, kusuka ezinambuzaneni ezincane kuya ezimbewini.

Isimo sezulu esiphakeme sezintaba sinezici ezithile ezithandekayo, awucabangi?


Yiba ngowokuqala ukuphawula

Shiya umbono wakho

Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

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  1. Ubhekele imininingwane: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.