Emkhathini wethu, konke esingakuthinta, ukukubona, ukuhogela noma ukukuzwa kungama-5% kuphela wakho konke okukhona. Indaba esijwayele ukubhekana nayo futhi siyibona ayijwayelekile kakhulu endaweni yonke.
Uma sazi u-5% kuphela, kwenzekani kwabanye? Ubufakazi benza umuntu asole ukuthi u-27% wobukhulu namandla omhlaba wonke wakhiwe yilokho okuthiwa indaba emnyama. Yize indaba emnyama iseyimpicabadala yangempela namuhla, yini esiyaziyo ngendaba emnyama? Yenzelwe ini?
Indaba emnyama
Umkhathi wethu wenziwe ngendaba namandla. Sijwayele ukubhekana nodaba ngazo zonke izikhathi zosuku. Ikhompyutha, i-smartphone yethu, itafula, njll. Zakhiwe ngendaba ejwayelekile. Noma kunjalo, indawo yonke yethu hhayi eyakhiwe ngokuphelele yindaba ejwayelekile, kodwa indaba emnyama.
Lolu daba olumnyama alunakubonwa ngamehlo, kepha yilokho okunikeza indawo yonke amandla. Indaba emnyama kungabonakali ngoba kusendaweni ejulile futhi kubanda kakhulu. Ukubuka izinto ezisemkhathini ezivela kuleplanethi encane, okwenziwayo ukuthola imisebe, ehamba emkhathini. Lokhu kukhanya kusivumela ukuthi sihumushe ubukhona bezinto ezimnyama.
Into emnyama ayikhiphi imisebe eyanele ukuthi ibonwe, kepha ikhona futhi iyahlaziywa kusetshenziswa amathuluzi nokuhlaziywa kwezibalo ukubona ukuthi isebenza kanjani. Izinto ezimnyama ziyabanda futhi zimnyama kangangokuthi azikhiphi lutho, ngakho-ke azikwazi ukubonwa.
Ngoba ayinakuhlaziywa, akwaziwa ukuthi yakhiwe yini. Lokhu kulandela ukuthi kungenzeka kwenziwe i-neutrinos, izinhlayiya ze-WIMP, amafu wegesi angakhanyi, noma izinkanyezi ezincane.
Wazi kanjani ukuthi indaba emnyama ikhona?
Lowo mbuzo uthakazelisa impela, ngoba uma ungeke uthintwe noma utholwe, akunakwenzeka ukubona. Ungasho ukuthi udaba olumnyama luyingxenye yomcabango wethu kanye nefantasy, kepha isayensi isuselwe ebufakazini.
Yize kuliqiniso ukuthi ukuba khona kwendaba emnyama kumane nje kuyiphupho, okungukuthi, akulona iqiniso elifakazelwe nelifakazelwe, kunobufakazi obuningi obukhombisa ngokusobala ukuthi bukhona.
Kutholwe ngo-1933, lapho uF. Zwicky ehlongoza ukuba khona kwawo ngenxa yomphumela angakwazanga ukuwuchaza: ijubane lapho imithala ihamba khona. Akuzange kuvumelane nalokho umuntu angakulindela ngemuva kwezifundo nokubalwa okwenziwe. Lokhu bekuvele kutholwe kudala ngabaphenyi abahlukahlukene.
Ngemuva kokubheka kamuva, ubukhona be isisindo esishintshe isikhala nokuxhumana kwamandla adonsela phansi kwezindikimba zasezulwini, kodwa lokho akubonakali. Noma kunjalo, kufanele ibe lapho. Ukubona imiphumela yendaba emnyama, umuntu kufanele abheke izidalwa zasezulwini ezikude, njengeminye imithala.
Yini indaba emnyama?
Uma izinto ezimnyama zingabonakali, zithintwe noma zitholwe nganoma iyiphi indlela, kungani sifuna ukwazi ngendaba emnyama? Ngokuyinhloko, ososayensi bazama ukuthola izincazelo mayelana namandla wendawo yonke. Ukuhamba kwezindikimba zasezulwini, i-inertia, i-big bang ... Yonke into inencazelo yayo uma sethula ubukhona bezinto ezimnyama.
Izinto ezimnyama zisebenza kuphela ukwazi indawo yonke ngendlela esondele kakhulu. Ukucatshangelwa, ibhizinisi, okusivumela ukuthi siqonde kangcono ukuthi udaba olwaziyo lusebenza kanjani, futhi kuveze esingakwazi. Ukutadisha izinhlayiya ukuxhumana kwazo okubuthakathaka kusivumela ukuthi sithole izici zomhlaba wethu ebesingakaze sizicabange. Lokhu kuphenduka into emnyama ithuluzi, ngaphezu kwe-hypothesis, elibaluleke kakhulu. Futhi ukuthi asikwazi ngisho nokukubona.
Noma ngabe iyiphi into emnyama, kuyacaca ukuthi ibalulekile ngoba iningi lendawo yonke esiyaziyo lakhiwe ngayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungasinika izixazululo eziningi ngokusebenza kwendawo yonke.