Lapho sikhuluma ngayo imisinga yolwandle Asikhulumi ngokuhamba okuvundlile kwamanzi okungolwandle noma izilwandle ezinkulu. Imvamisa zikalwa ngokuya ngejubane ezizohamba ngalo bese kusetshenziswa im / s noma amafindo. Ukutadisha imisinga yolwandle kubalulekile ukuze kuqondwe isimo sezulu seplanethi nokuthuthwa kwamandla kusuka endaweni eya kwenye. Kufanele wazi ukuthi lokhu kuhamba kwamanzi kuqhutshwa yizinto ezifana nomoya, ukuhluka kobuningi bamanzi kanye namagagasi.
Ngakho-ke, sizonikezela le ndatshana ukukutshela konke odinga ukukwazi ngamagagasi olwandle, amandla awo nezici zawo eziyinhloko.
Izici zemisinga yolwandle
Ukuze imisinga yolwandle ibe khona, kunezici eziningana okufanele zisebenze, okuyizona ezenza zihambe ngejubane elithile. Lokhu kuthuthwa kwamanzi kusiza ukufuduka kwezilwane, ukuthuthwa kwamandla kusuka endaweni eyodwa kuya kwenye kanye nokulawulwa kwesimo sezulu seplanethi. Phakathi kwezinto esizitholayo okuyizinto ezinquma umsuka wemisinga yolwandle yilezi ezilandelayo: umoya, ukuhluka kobuningi bamanzi namagagasi.
Umoya yiwo owenza le misinga yolwandle isuke kwenye indawo iye kwenye. Ukuze lokhu kwenzeke, umoya kumele ube seduze kobuso bolwandle futhi ube namandla anele ukukwazi ukushayela imisinga ehambisa amanzi emachibini olwandle. Ukwehluka kobuningi bamanzi ikakhulu kungenxa yobusawoti bezifunda. Ukuhamba kwemisinga yamanzi ngenxa yezinguquko ekuminyaneni kwamanzi kwaziwa njenge ukusakazwa kwe-thermohaline. Lokhu kwaziwa njengebhande lokuhambisa olwandle. Futhi lapha sibona ukuthi imisinga iqhutshwa ukwehluka kobuningi bamanzi ngenxa yokwehluka kokubili kokushisa nokwehluka kosawoti ezifundeni.
Siyazi ukuthi akufani ukuqhathanisa amanzi olwandle ngokusho kwendawo yawo. Usawoti ubangela ushintsho ekuhambeni kwamanzi. Kumele kucatshangwe ukuthi imisinga eqhutshwa ngaphansi kokwehluka kobuningi kwenzeka emazingeni angajulile najulile. Benza ukuthi amanzi ahambe kancane kakhulu kunamagagasi omoya. Lokho wukuthi, asizukubona ukuvuvukala okunamandla kweqiniso elilula lokuthi amanzi anokuqina okuhlukile.
Ekugcineni sinamagagasi. La magagasi ukukhuphuka nokuwa kwezinga lamanzi kuye ngokuhamba kwenyanga. Lokhu kususwa kwamanzi ikhiqiza imisinga enamandla ikakhulukazi eduze nogu. Imvamisa, le minyakazo yamanzi iyathinteka nesimo sezulu somhlaba jikelele. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi imijikelezo yamanzi enamazinga okushisa afudumele ayabonakala ezindaweni zase-equator kuya kwezinye izindawo ezibandayo eduze nezigxobo.
Umphumela weCoriolis
Omunye wemiphumela eyaziwa njengomunye wabashayeli abakhulu bemisinga yolwandle ngumphumela weCoriolis. Yize kungeyona into yokuhamba njengalezi esizibize ngamagama, ukusebenza kwaso kufanele kubhekwe. Ingabe mayelana isici sokunyakaza esenzeka njengomphumela wokujikeleza komhlaba. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi amanzi olwandle azungeze futhi agelezele ezifundeni ezahlukahlukene nezikhombisi-ndlela ngokuya ngendawo.
Ukunyakaza okukhiqizwa isango laseCoriolis ngeke kufane kuzo zonke izifunda zeplanethi. Ezindaweni ezengeziwe ezivela enkabazwe, ukuhamba kwemisinga yolwandle ngenxa yalo mphumela kuhamba kancane. Kodwa-ke, ezindaweni eziseduze kakhulu amanzi ajika ngokushesha. Ngakho-ke, singaphetha ngokuthi umphumela weCoriolis ubhekele ukuhlehlisa imisinga yolwandle iye kwesokudla enyakatho nenkabazwe nangakwesobunxele eningizimu yezwe. Ukuphambuka kuba kukhulu njengoba besondela ezigxotsheni futhi kungu-zero enkabazwe.
Izinhlobo zemisinga yolwandle
Kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zemisinga yolwandle ngokusho kwezinye izici eziyinhloko. Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini:
Imisinga yasogwini
Yilezo ezigeleza zifana nogu. Imvamisa azidluli ijubane lefindo, yize kungenzeka ukuthi lidlula leli jubane inqobo nje uma sibheka ngaphakathi kwendawo yokuvuvukala. Imvamisa umfutho wale misinga yasogwini uyancipha usuke ogwini. Bangase bethule ingozi kwababhukudi nabatshuzi abangena ezindaweni ezinezindawo ezinamadwala.
Rip imisinga
Ziyaziwa nangokuthi imisinga yokubuyisa. Le misinga yaziwa kusukela ulwandle luzama ukuthola izinga lalo. Le misinga ingaba rGijimisa amabanga ukusuka kumamitha angama-25 ukuya ekhilomitha kuye ngamandla amagagasi. Amabhola makhudlwana ngasogwini, kukhula kakhulu imisinga yokuqhekeka. Kumele kucatshangwe ukuthi amandla alo msinga unamandla ngesikhathi sokuthula kwamagagasi.
Isikhathi sokubuya sakhiwa ngokugqagqana okungajwayelekile kwamagagasi asendaweni yalo. Kumele sazi ukuthi amagagasi ngaphambi kokuqhekeka anamandla amaningi okuhamba. Ngalesi sizathu, la mandla abuyela olwandle ngesiteshi esakhiwe ukunyakaza okuqhubekayo kwamagagasi.
Imisinga yomoya
Yilezo ezaziwa futhi ngegama lama-surface currents. Kulokhu, ngumoya obhekele ukushaya izingqimba zamanzi ukuze uzihambise uye ngakunye. Imvamisa, ijubane lemisinga yomoya lilahlekelwa ngamandla ibanga elihanjiwe kakhulu. Kanjalo balahlekelwa ngamandla njengoba ukujula kwanda. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umoya unamandla amakhulu ezindaweni ezijulile. Umoya wenza umsebenzi uqine ngokwanele ukuthi ukwazi ukuthonya ukunyakaza kolwandle emhlabeni jikelele.
Ukushesha kwemisinga yomoya kuncike ekuqineni, isikhathi somoya namandla.
Imisinga ye-Convection
Yilezo eziqhutshwa kancane yimimoya, yize isici sazo esiyinhloko ukwehluka kwamazinga okushisa kwamanzi. Lokhu kuyefana nokwenzeka ngemisinga ye-convection engubeni yomhlaba. Lapho kunomehluko emazingeni okushisa, kukhona ukunyakaza ukulinganisela izinga lokushisa futhi kusatshalaliswa ngokuhlukile.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngemisinga yolwandle.