Ngenxa yemvelo emangalisayo yamafu kanye nezimo ezibucayi ezihlobene nawo, i ifu le-arcus ingenye yezinto ezifiswa kakhulu ezijaha izivunguvungu ezweni lakithi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubonakala kwayo, uhlangothi lwayo olumnyama, ifu elimnyama, elikleliswe esitezi esisodwa noma eziningana noma amapulatifomu, ngokuvamile ahambisana nokuhamba ngokushesha kwensiza ye-elekthronikhi, lenza libonakale ligqama kakhulu kobukele. Kodwa-ke, igama elithi arcus libonakala lisetshenziswa kalula futhi kwesinye isikhathi kalula.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela konke okudingeka ukwazi ifu le-arcus, izici zalo nokuthi libonisani.
ifu le-arcus
Ngokuya ngezigaba zemephu yamafu, i-cumulonimbus arcus ifu lesiphepho lohlobo lwe-cumulonimbus elinezici ezihlukile zokuba nephansi elimise okwe-arc. Ngisho namafu e-cumulus angahlotshaniswa nale ndawo. Nokho, kuzo zonke izinjongo ezingokoqobo, uma sisebenzisa igama elithi "arcus", sisho ukuduma kwezulu okunamandla, futhi ifu lesiphepho eliletha ukuphila yi-cumulonimbus. Isisekelo kufanele sibe ne-arch ecacile
Zakha nini ngokuvamile?
Mayelana ne-radar, singalindela nini ukuthi lezi zinhlobo zamafu zakheke? Lapho idatha ye-radar yesimo sezulu isetshenzwe sibonise uhlelo lwesiphepho esiqondile, umugqa we-squall.
Kodwa ngaphezu kwalokho, imigqa ye-squall kufanele futhi yakhiwe ngamaseli eziphepho ezinamandla ahlelekile. Icala elisobala kakhulu umugqa we-squall omise okwe-arc, owaziwa ngesiNgisi ngokuthi i-bow echo. Ngakho-ke, kuyaqondakala ukuthi kufanele siqaphele lapho sisebenzisa igama elithi arcus cloud, nakuba lokhu kungeyona inkinga yabagijimi abanolwazi oluneziphepho.
Ngoba leli gama ngezinye izikhathi lisetshenziswa lapho ikhethini lemvula enamandla libonwa emkhathizwe, umbono walo ungase ube ne-arc ethile, kodwa umele kuphela. uguquko phakathi kwendawo ngaphandle kwemvula kanye nengxenye enemvula. Ingaphambili elihlotshaniswa nemvula enkulu, enokuduma noma ngaphandle kwayo.
Kwesinye isikhathi la mafu angazihlela enze umugqa wamakhilomitha amaningana. Isithombe sesihloko salezi zindaba nesithombe esingezansi, kanye nezithombe ze-radar, ziyahambisana ku-arc eyabonwa e-Bay of Malaga ngo-2004, enganwebeka eduze kwe-arc cishe amakhilomitha angama-50. Njengoba sibonile ngo-2012, iminsalo ngezinye izikhathi ingafakwa esakhiweni samanye amafu, njenge-stratocumulus.
amafu e-cumulonimbus
Amafu eCumulonimbus amafu akhula aqonde phezulu, okungukuthi, lapho ungqimba lomoya luphansi (lufudumele) futhi luphakeme (kubanda). Lokhu kanye nezinye izinqubo zomkhathi eziyinkimbinkimbi ziletha umswakama omkhulu ezindaweni eziphakeme kakhulu zasemkhathini, ngokwakheka kwezindimbane zeqhwa ezindaweni eziphakeme kakhulu zamafu ngomhwamuko wamanzi, nesichotho siqala ukwehla, sidala ukuhlehla. .
Lokhu kugeleza okukhulu kwesiyaluyalu kudala ukungqubuzana okuningi, ekhiqiza ugesi omile. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, le nqubo ingaba nkulu kakhulu ize idale umehluko omkhulu emandleni kagesi phakathi kwezindawo ezahlukene zamafu noma kusukela phansi, ekugcineni ikhiqize umbani.
Izici zefu le-arcus
Amafu e-Arcus angamafu aphansi, avundlile amise okwe-wedge futhi amise okwe-arc. Abizwa nangokuthi amafu epulatifomu futhi abambelela esisekelweni sefu lomzali, ngokuvamile Cumulonimbus Ukuduma, kodwa angakha kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwefu eliguqukayo.
Ukunyakaza okuya phezulu kwefu kuvame ukubonakala engxenyeni eyinhloko (yangaphandle) yeshelufu yamafu, kuyilapho ingxenye engezansi ivame ukuba nesiyaluyalu futhi idwetshwe umoya. Umoya obandayo ovela efwini lesiphepho elicwilayo usakazekela ebusweni boMhlaba ngomphetho ohamba phambili obizwa ngokuthi i-gust front. Lokhu kuphuma kunqanyulwe ngaphansi komoya ofudumele ongena ku-updraft yesiphepho.
Njengoba umoya ophansi, opholile uphakamisa umoya ofudumele, onomswakama kakhulu, amanzi alo ajiya futhi enze amafu (i-wind shear) evame ukukhukhulwa imimoya eyahlukene.
Abantu ababona amafu eshalofu bangase bacabange ukuthi babona amafu odongeni. Lokhu kungaba iphutha, njengoba ishelufu lefu elisondelayo libonakala lenza udonga lwamafu. Amafu epulatifomu ngokuvamile avele phambi kwesiphepho, kuyilapho amafu odonga ngokuvamile ebonakala ngemuva kwesiphepho.
I-gust front eqinile izobangela ingxenye engezansi yeshalofu elingaphambili lefu ukuthi lizigzag, lihlanganiswe amafu ahlukanayo akhuphukayo. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ama-eddies akhula emaphethelweni, nama-scuds ezisontekile zingafinyelela phansi noma zihambisane nothuli olukhuphukayo. Amafu eshalofu aphansi kakhulu ahambisana nalezi zimpawu ayinkomba engcono kakhulu yokuthi isiphepho esingase sibe namandla sisendleleni. Isibonelo esedlulele salokhu okucishe kufane nenkanyamba kubizwa ngokuthi i-gust.
Imiphumela
Iqiniso liwukuthi uma leli fu lisemkhathini woMhlaba, lingaba nomthelela omubi empilweni eMhlabeni. Ake sibone ukuthi iyini imiphumela yako:
- Ray: Leli fu likhipha izivunguvungu zikagesi, into esibhekana nayo sonke ezimpilweni zethu. Nakuba umbani ungalimaza ingqalasizinda kagesi, mancane amathuba okuthi ufinyelele emzimbeni womuntu.
- Izikhukhula: Ukukhukhula noma ukuchichima kwemifula noma amachibi kungenzeka ngenxa yemiphumela yezimvula ezinkulu.
- Isichotho: Lesi mvula esiqinile singadala umonakalo kwezolimo, sicekele phansi amapulazi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubukhulu besichotho obukhulu bungabangela ukulimala kulabo abathinteke ngokuqondile.
- imimoya nezivunguvungu: Lolu hlobo lwamafu lungabangela umoya onamandla ongasiphula izihlahla. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, i-tornado ingenzeka, into ebhubhisa yonke into esendleleni yayo.
Naphezu kwale miphumela emibi, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi abantu sebejwayele ukuphila nalesi simo, ngakho-ke, ubungozi bokuthola ingozi ebangelwa ifu le-arcus buphansi kakhulu. Kwezinye izindawo ezifana nezokuthutha emoyeni, leli fu kumele libhekwe ngoba imiphumela yalo ingadala umonakalo omkhulu ezindizeni, njengombani noma isiphithiphithi esidalwa ukushaywa komoya onamandla.
Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nefu le-arcus nezici zalo.