Kungani iChibi iBaikal lidume kangaka?

Ichibi leBaikal

Izikhathi eziningi empilweni kuthiwa iqiniso alaziwa kunenganekwane. Futhi kungenxa yokuthi emvelweni kunezimo ezehlukile zezindawo ezinobuhle obumangalisayo noma obukhetheke kakhulu ngenxa yezici zazo, izimbali nezilwane ezingaphandle kwezwe noma ngenxa yokuthi izinto zemvelo eziyinqaba emhlabeni zenzeka kuzo.

Kulokhu ngizokhuluma ngakho IChibi iBaikal. Leli chibi lidume kakhulu emhlabeni ngezizathu eziningi. Kubaluleke kakhulu kososayensi nakwezabavakashi. Ngabe ufuna ukwazi izizathu zokuthi kungani kubaluleke kangaka nokuthi ingahle ibe emangalisayo kanjani?

Umsuka nezici zeLake Baikal

Leli chibi linomsuka we-tectonic. Lokhu kusho ukuthi isungulwe ukunyakaza kwamapuleti ama-tectonic akhona eMhlabeni (ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngamacwecwe ama-tectonic afundwe Izendlalelo zangaphakathi zoMhlaba). Itholakala esifundeni esiseningizimu yeSiberia, eRussia, phakathi kwe-Irkutsk Oblast enyakatho-ntshonalanga neBuryatia eningizimu-mpumalanga, eduze nedolobha lase-Irkutsk. Kuyaziwa njenge "Iso Elihlaza okwesibhakabhaka laseSiberia" y "Iparele lase-Asia".

Ukwakhiwa kweLake Baikal kulinganiselwa ukuthi kwaqala emuva cishe iminyaka eyizigidi ezingama-25-30. Ngokwesimo sokuma komhlaba singasho ukuthi asilitholanga ichibi elidala kunawo wonke emlandweni.

Kunjalo-ke ukubaluleka kwaleli chibi eliqanjwe ngalo Indawo Yamagugu Omhlaba eyenziwe yi-Unesco ngo-1996. Ingelinye lamachibi amancane anamafu emhlabeni (yingakho igama lesidlaliso le-Blue Eye). Imfucumfucu ilinganiswa ngamadiski eSecchi. Lawa madiski asivumela ukuba sazi inani lemisebe yokukhanya engena emanzini futhi ngaleyo ndlela sazi ukukhanya. Yebo, inani lokukhanya elifinyelela ekujuleni lilinganisiwe futhi amamaki okukhanya arekhodwe afinyelela kumamitha angama-20 ukujula.

Leli chibi libuye ligqame ngokuba nezindawo ezizungezile Ama-20% wamanzi amasha, angafriziwe emhlabeni (cishe ama-23.600 km3 wamanzi). Ingabamba amanzi angaka kwazise ajulile kakhulu futhi ngoba yondliwe yimifudlana engu-336. Ubukhulu beLake Baikal yilaba: Ama-31.494 km² obuso, ama-636 km ubude, ama-80 km ububanzi no-1.680 m ukujula.

IChibi iBaikal iqhwa

IChibi iBaikal elineqhwa. Umthombo: http://www.rusiamia.com/rusia/turismo/lago-baikal-rusia/

Esinye isici esenza ikhetheke kangako ukuthi yilona kuphela ichibi lapho iziqu zalo zingazange zithinteke khona yiqhwa lasezwenikazi yize liyichibi eliphezulu le-latitude. Ucwaningo lwenziwe ezenzweni zamanzi echibi futhi kulinganiselwa ukuthi uma ngabe yonke inhlabathi eqoqwe kule minyaka eyizigidi ezingama-25 kuya ku-30 ​​ingasuswa, ichibi belizofinyelela ukujula okungafika ku-9 km.

Ichibi lizungezwe izintaba ngokuphelele (yingakho linezinhlabathi eziningi kakhulu) ezivikelwe ngobuchwepheshe njengepaki kazwelonke yokulondolozwa kwalo futhi lineziqhingi ezincane ezingaba ngu-22. Isiqhingi esikhulu kunazo zonke sibizwa ngokuthi i-Olkhon futhi singamakhilomitha angama-72 ubude.

Isiqhingi sase-Olkhon

Isiqhingi sase-Olkhon

Ukubaluleka kweLake Baikal

Leli chibi, njengoba ngishilo ngaphambili, linokubaluleka okukhulu eligxile emibonweni emibili: njengendawo yokuvakashela nokwenza ezokuvakasha noma njengososayensi lapho ungathola khona izici ezihlukile ezenza likhetheke kangaka.

Isici sokuqala esenza kubaluleke kangaka emphakathini wezesayensi ukuthi ichibi elilodwa njengaleli ligcina amaphesenti angama-20 wamanzi angenasawoti emhlabeni wonke. Esimweni lapho imifudlana yayo engu-336 iyeke ukuhlinzeka ngamanzi nokuyondla, kuzothatha ichibi Cishe iminyaka engama-400 ukukhipha konke ngenqubo yokuhwamuka. Okunye ukubala okuthakazelisa kakhulu okwenziwe ososayensi ukuthi uma bonke abantu bomhlaba benikezwa leli chibi kuphela, bangaphila iminyaka engama-40 futhi bangabi nezinkinga zokushoda kwamanzi.

Ukucaca kwamanzi okushiwo ngenhla nakho kukwenza kube okukhethekile. Ubuncane obuncane anabo kungenxa yokuthi ama-microorganism ahlala emanzini awo lokho hlanza emanzini bese wenza ukuhlanza okuhle. Ezinye izifundo zenziwe ukubona ukuthi ngabe lezi zinambuzane ezincane zingasetshenziswa ukuhlanza ukuchitheka kukawoyela kwamanye amanzi ngenxa yezinga lawo lokuhlanzwa eliphakeme.

Amanzi acwebezela nge-crystal asetshenziselwa ezinye izindlela zokwelapha, ikakhulukazi kwezinye izidlo ezingenaso usawoti wamaminerali. Ezikhathini zasendulo, abantu base-Asiya babebheka iChibi iBaikal njengendawo engcwele. Ngisho nanamuhla ungabona ezinhlangothini echibini izinsalela zezakhiwo ezazisetshenziswa izizwe zasendulo imicikilisho abatshalwe kuyo ngamandla echibi.

Esinye isici esenza ikhetheke kakhulu emphakathini wesayense yizimo zezulu ezimbi kakhulu lapho zitholakala khona. Ebusika amazinga okushisa echibini angafinyelela kuma-45 degrees ngaphansi kuka-zero. Nokho, iChibi iBaikal liyisiphephelo sezilwane nezilwane. Kuhlangana izizukulwane zezilwane eziyi-1.600 800 nezitshalo ezingama-XNUMX ezihlelwe kuze kube manje. Kuwo kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinhlobo zendalo ezinjenge-seal kanye ne-Baikal sturgeon, inhlanzi i-golomjanka kanye ne-epishura crab (isilwane esincane indima yaso ebaluleke kakhulu ochungechungeni lokudla, ngoba ihlunga amanzi ngomzimba wayo). Indima ye-epishura ibaluleke kakhulu njengoba iyinhlobo enenala enkulu. Zibalelwa ezigidini ezintathu lezi zinkalankala ngemitha eyisikwele ngayinye yobuso. Zincane kakhulu, zingamamilimitha amabili kuphela ubude, kepha amandla azo okuhlunga amanzi ayamangalisa. Ngiyabonga kakhulu kubo ukuthi kungani ichibi licace kangaka. Ngo-3, ifektri eyayiphethe ukwenza uginindela yaphosa imfucumfucu yayo ngqo eLake Baikal futhi engcupheni yokusinda kwalezi zinkalankala nezinye izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo.

IChibi iBaikal Crab

IChibi iBaikal Crab

Leli chibi liyakhula njalo ngonyaka cishe ngamasentimitha amabili. Lokhu kudala ukuzamazama komhlaba okuningi ngenxa yokuhamba okuqhubekayo kwamapuleti etektoni. Leli chibi lingagcina amanzi amaningi unyaka nonyaka.

Ilukuluku lweLake Baikal

Ezansi kwechibi lapho iphiramidi yensimbi engagqwali enengubo yezingalo zaseRussia. Lokhu kungenxa yomsebenzi wokuqala wokuhambela owakwazi ukufinyelela ezansi kwechibi ngoJulayi 29, 2008.

Leli chibi labuye laduma kakhulu hhayi eminyakeni eminingi edlule ngenxa yomcimbi owenzeka ebusweni balo futhi waqalwa okokuqala ngosomkhathi Isikhungo Sasemkhathini Samazwe Ngamazwe (ISS). Lesi senzo sasiqukethe uphawu olukhulu ebusweni bechibi (okwabe sekuyiqhwa) elifana kakhulu nelakwesobunxele ingilazi yamanzi etafuleni. Umaki wawungamakhilomitha angaba ngu-4,5 ububanzi. Abantu abazinikele ezifundweni ezinamandla amakhulu bathi kungenzeka kube yimiphumela yezinsalela zokufika kweUFO (ngokulandela umqondo ofanayo wemibuthano yezitshalo).

IChibi iBaikal Circle

IChibi iBaikal Circle

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umphakathi wezesayensi unikeze incazelo ethe xaxa ngalesi simo. Kwakuyindilinga emnyama ebangelwe ukuhanjiswa kwamanzi. Amanzi afudumele futhi aminyene akhuphukela phezulu futhi lapho ehlangabezana namakhaza emvelo aqandana akha ungqimba oluncane lweqhwa. Okholelwa ezeni kakhulu wathi uma uzulazula emaphethelweni alowo mbuthano kuzokwenzeka kuwe ngendlela efanayo nalokho okwenzeka kunxantathu waseBermuda, uzogwinywa yimisinga enesiyaluyalu esivela ekujuleni kwechibi.

Ezokuvakasha eLake Baikal

Ukuze uvakashele futhi ujabulele iChibi iBaikal, ungathatha uhambo ngesitimela iTrans-Siberian. Lesi sitimela kuwuzungeza ngokuphelele, weqa cishe amabhuloho angama-200 kanye nemihubhe engama-33. Ezitolo ezungeze ichibi bathengisa izinhlanzi ezibhemayo ezibhemayo futhi ungajabulela ngenkathi ubheka indawo enhle.

Ingxenye eseningizimu-mpumalanga yaleli chibi, ngokungangabazeki, iyindawo evakasha kakhulu kunazo zonke kusukela ingxenye esenyakatho-mpumalanga ishiywe cishe.

IChibi iBaikal nokuguquka kwesimo sezulu

Ucwaningo oluningi lwesayensi lukhombisile ukuthi imiphumela ye- ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kanye nokufudumala kwembulunga yonke bangenza leli chibi lingathandeki kangako. Esinye salezi zifundo sashicilelwa kumagazini i-BioScience. Umbhali walolu phenyo wayengu UMarianne V. Moore futhi waphawula ukuthi isimo sezulu saleli chibi sesibe mncane kakhulu ngamazinga okushisa angafani ngokweqile njengangaphambili. Ebusika leli chibi lihlala liqhwa isikhathi esincane kakhulu kunakuqala. Leli qiniso lingadala umonakalo ku-ecosystem nasezilwaneni ezisengozini kakhulu njenge uphawu lwe-nerpa. Lolu phawu lwendalo ukuphela kwodaka lwamanzi angenasawoti emhlabeni futhi lungazala kuphela futhi luzalele eqhweni leChibi iBaikal. Njengoba leli qhwa likhona isikhathi esincane, amandla okuzala kanye nethuba liphansi kakhulu, ngakho-ke inani le-seal liyancipha. Kulokhu kungezwa umuntu. Impela, umuntu zingela lezi zilwandle ngokunyenya nangokukhulu lokho kuyisisekelo esisodwa esiqinile somnotho wesifunda.

Uphawu Nerpa

I-nerpa seal idinga iqhwa ukuze ikhiqize kabusha. Umthombo: http://www.rdrusia.com/rusia-el-lago-baikal/

Ekugcineni, esinye sezimanga zeli chibi ukuthi liyilo ukuphela kwendawo lapho ungathola khona i-neutrinos. Lezi izinhlayiya ezitholakala ngokulambisa eMhlabeni futhi ezisinikeza inqwaba yedatha ngempilo yamanye amaplanethi nemithala nokuthi kwenzekani emkhathini.

Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, leli chibi, kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube sekugcineni, liyisimangaliso kubo bobabili ososayensi nabavakashi. Ngakho-ke ungakwazi ukupakisha izikhwama zakho bese uhlela uhambo lwakho olulandelayo 😉


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  1. Ubhekele imininingwane: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
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  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
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  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.