i-volcano yase-pompeii

Vesubio mont

Impela sonke sizwile ngenhlekelele yasePompeii futhi namamuvi namadokhumentari enziwe ngayo. Kuningi osekushiwo ngakho i-volcano yase-pompeii futhi ayaziwa kakhulu ngegama layo nezici eziyiqiniso. YiNtaba iVesuvius noma intaba-mlilo iVesuvius. Inezici ezithile eziyingqayizivele ezibangele le nhlekelele yomlando. Okunye ukuqhuma kwawo kwabangela isenzakalo esingokomlando esibalulekile.

Ngalesi sizathu, sizonikezela lesi sihloko ukuze sikutshele konke okudingeka ukwazi ngentaba-mlilo yasePompeii, izici zayo nokukhetha.

i-volcano yase-pompeii

i-volcano yase-pompeii

Yaziwa kangcono ngokuthi yiNtaba iVesuvius, intaba-mlilo enenye yezinhlekelele zemvelo ezinkulu kakhulu ezibangelwa ukuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo enkumbulweni ephilayo. Ngisho nanamuhla, ibhekwa njengenye yezintaba-mlilo eziyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni futhi iwukuphela kwentaba-mlilo eqhumayo ezwekazini laseYurophu.

Itholakala esifundeni saseCampania eningizimu ye-Italy, empumalanga yeBay of Naples, cishe amakhilomitha ayi-9 ukusuka edolobheni laseNaples. Igama lakhe ngesiNtaliyane nguVesuvius, kodwa waziwa nangokuthi iVesaevus, iVesevus, iVesbius kanye neVesuve. Ngenxa yokuthi yakhiwe ngezingqimba eziningana ze-lava, umlotha, i-pumice, nezinye izinto ze-pyroclastic, futhi ngenxa yokuthi ikhiqiza ukuqhuma kweziqhumane, ihlukaniswa njengentaba-mlilo eyinhlanganisela noma i-stratovolcano. Njengoba i-central cone yayo ivela ku-crater, ingaphansi kwesigaba se-Mount Soma.

INtaba iVesuvius inesigaxa esingamamitha angu-1.281 ukuphakama, eyaziwa ngokuthi "Isigaxa Esikhulu", esizungezwe kakhulu unqenqema lwentaba-mlilo yaseMount Soma, ecishe ibe ngamamitha angu-1.132 ukuphakama. Zombili zihlukaniswe yisigodi sase-Atrio di Cavallo. Ukuphakama kwekhoni kushintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngenxa yokuqhuma okulandelanayo. Esiqongweni sayo kune-crater engaphezu kwamamitha angama-300 ukushona.

INtaba iVesuvius ibalwa njengenye yezintaba-mlilo eziyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni. Ukuqhuma kwayo kwentaba-mlilo okwenhlanganisela ye-volcano noma uhlobo lwe-stratovolcano. Njengoba indawo emaphakathi yale ntaba-mlilo ivela ku-crater, iwuhlobo lweSoma. Njengoba ibhekwa njengenye yezintaba-mlilo eziyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni, i-cone ingamamitha angaba ngu-1.281 ukuphakama. Lesi sigaxa sibizwa nge-cone enkulu. Izungezwe unqenqema lwentaba-mlilo yaseMonte Somma. Intaba ingamamitha angu-1132 ngaphezu kwezinga lolwandle.

INtaba iVesuvius neNtaba iSoma ihlukaniswe yisigodi sase-Atrio di Cavallo. Ukuphakama kwe-cone kushintshile kuwo wonke umlando, kuye ngokuqhuma okwenzekile. Isiqongo salezi zintaba-mlilo yi-crater enobubanzi obungaphezu kwamamitha angama-300.

Ukwakheka nemvelaphi

intaba-mlilo yase-pompeii nomlando

Intaba-mlilo ihlezi ngenhla nje kwendawo yokunciphisa phakathi kwamapuleti ase-Eurasia nase-Afrika. Kulezi zingcwecwe ze-tectonic, ipuleti lesibili linciphisa (ukucwila) ngaphansi kwepuleti lase-Eurasia ngesilinganiso esingaba ngamasentimitha angu-3,2 ngonyaka, okwaholela ekwakhekeni kwezintaba zaseSoma kwasekuqaleni.

Ngokwemvelo, iNtaba iSoma indala kuneNtaba iVesuvius. Amatshe amadala kakhulu endaweni yentaba-mlilo cishe aneminyaka engaba ngu-300.000 ubudala. Isiqongo seNtaba iSoma sabhidlika lapho kuqhunyiswa ukuqhuma eminyakeni engu-25.000 XNUMX edlule, iqala ukwakha i-caldera, kodwa i-cone ye-Vesuvius ayizange iqale ukwakheka kwaze kwaba yiminyaka engu-17.000 79 edlule, phakathi nendawo. I-Great Cone yavela iyonke ngo-AD XNUMX, ngemva kokugqashuka okukhulu. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokunyakaza kwamapuleti e-tectonic, isiza sihlaselwe yiziqhumane futhi kube nomsebenzi omkhulu wokuzamazama komhlaba endaweni.

Izintaba-mlilo ziwumphumela we-magma efinyelela phezulu njengoba inzika evela epuletini lase-Afrika idudulwa phansi emazingeni okushisa aphakeme ize incibilike futhi iphushelwe phezulu kuze kube yilapho ingxenye yoqweqwe luphuka.

Ukuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo yasePompeii

i-volcano ye-vesuvius

I-Vesuvius inomlando omude wokuqhuma. Izinsuku ezindala kakhulu ezihlonziwe kusukela ku-6940 BC. C. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuye kwaqhuma iziqhumane ezingaphezu kuka-50, kanti ezinye ezimbalwa zinezinsuku ezingaqinisekile. Ukuqhuma okubili okunamandla ikakhulukazi, ngo-5960 C. kanye no-3580 BCE. C., yenza intaba-mlilo yaba enye yezinkulu kunazo zonke eYurophu. Ngenkulungwane yesibili BC kwaba nalokho okubizwa ngokuthi "i-Avellino Eruption", enye yeziqhumane ezinkulu kunawo wonke emlandweni.

Kodwa akungabazeki ukuthi ukuqhuma okuqine kakhulu kwenzeka ngo-79 AD ngenxa yamandla kanye nemiphumela yako. C. Kakade ngo 62 d. C. Izakhamuzi ezizungezile zakuzwa ukuzamazama komhlaba okunamandla, kodwa kungashiwo ukuthi zijwayele ukuzamazama komhlaba endaweni. Kucatshangelwa ukuthi ngosuku oluphakathi kuka-Okthoba 24 no-28, 1979, INtaba iVesuvius yaqhuma endaweni ephakeme engu-32-33 km futhi yakhipha ngobudlova ifu letshe., igesi yentaba-mlilo, umlotha, impuphu ye-pumice, udaka nezinye izinto ngamathani angu-1,5 ngomzuzwana.

UPliny Omncane, isikhulu sombuso waseRoma wasendulo, wabona lesi senzakalo edolobheni eliseduze laseMisenam (eliqhele ngamakhilomitha angaba ngu-30 ukusuka entabeni yentaba-mlilo) futhi wasibhala encwadini yakhe, eyayinikeza ukwaziswa okuningi. Ngokusho kwakhe, lokhu kuqhuma kwandulelwa ukuzamazama komhlaba ngisho ne-tsunami. Kwaphakama ifu elikhulu lomlotha, lakhukhula indawo ezungezile amahora angu-19 kuya kwangu-25, lagqiba amadolobha asePompeii naseHerculaneum futhi labulala izinkulungwane. Abasinda balishiya unomphela leli dolobha, futhi lakhohlwa kwaze kwaba yilapho imivubukulo iba nesithakazelo kulo, ikakhulukazi ePompeii.

Ngemva kweminyaka eminingana, intaba-mlilo yaphinde yakhipha eyayikuyo, enkulu kunazo zonke eyenzeka ngo-1631, yadala umonakalo omkhulu endaweni. Esokugcina senzeka ngo-March 18, 1944, sathinta izindawo eziningana. Lesi sakamuva kukholakala ukuthi sawuqeda umjikelezo wokuqhuma kokuqhuma owaqala ngo-1631.

Njengoba ubona, intaba-mlilo yasePompeii inokuningi ongakunikeza mayelana nomlando nokuqhuma. Injalo nje imicimbi yayo kuze kwakhiwe ngisho amafilimu namadocumentary ukuze akwazi ukukhombisa umphakathi konke okwenzekile. Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nentaba-mlilo yasePompeii nezici zayo.


Yiba ngowokuqala ukuphawula

Shiya umbono wakho

Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

*

*

  1. Ubhekele imininingwane: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.