ISaturn inezinyanga eziningi, futhi ziza ngezinhlobo eziningi. Ngosayizi, sinezinyanga ezisukela emashumini amamitha nje kuya ku-Titan enkulukazi, ehlanganisa u-96% wazo zonke izinto ezizungeza uMhlaba. abantu abaningi bayazibuza i-saturn inamasathelayithi amangaki.
Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, sizonikezela lesi sihloko ukuze sikutshele ukuthi iSaturn inamasathelayithi nini, izici zalowo nalowo nokuthi zitholwe kanjani ngenxa yobuchwepheshe besayensi.
izici zeplanethi
Masikhumbule ukuthi iSaturn iyiplanethi yesithupha eseduze nelanga ohlelweni sonozungezilanga, iphakathi kweJupiter ne-Uranus. Yiplanethi yesibili ngobukhulu esimisweni sonozungezilanga. Inobubanzi obungamakhilomitha ayi-120.536 enkabazwe.
Ngokuphathelene nokuma kwayo, ithi nhlá ichotshozwe ngezigxobo. Lokhu kuhlakazeka kungenxa yejubane layo lokuzungeza ngokushesha. Iringi ibonakala eMhlabeni. Yiplanethi enama-asteroid amaningi ayizungezayo. Uma kubhekwa ukwakheka kwayo okunegesi kanye nobuningi bayo be-helium ne-hydrogen, ihlukaniswa njengesiqhwaga segesi. Ngenxa yelukuluku, igama layo lisuselwa kunkulunkulu wamaRoma uSaturn.
Iplanethi inama-asteroids ayizungeza ngemiphumela yamandla adonsela phansi. Uma iplanethi inkulu, idonsa ngamandla adonsela phansi futhi kulapho ama-asteroid amaningi ayizungezayo akwazi ukumumatha. Iplanethi yethu inesathelayithi esisodwa esijikelezayo, kodwa futhi inezinkulungwane zezingcezu zamatshe ezikhangwa umkhakha wethu wamandla adonsela phansi.
ISaturn inamasathelayithi amangaki?
Izinyanga zeSaturn zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu ahlukene ngokusekelwe endleleni ezizungeza ngayo iplanethi (ibanga elihambayo, isiqondiso, ukuthambekela, njll.). Kunezinyanga ezingaphezu kuka-150 ezincane ezicwiliswe emasongweni ayo. (okuthiwa ama-circummollites), kanye nezinhlayiya zamatshe nothuli ezakhayo, kuyilapho ezinye izinyanga zizungeza ngaphandle kwazo nasemabangeni ahlukahlukene.
Ukunquma ukuthi mangaki amasathelayithi iSaturn njengamanje kuwubuqili. Ilinganiselwa ukuthi inezinyanga ezingaphezu kuka-200, nokho ezingu-83 zazo empeleni singazithatha njengezinyanga ngoba ziyayazi imijikelezo futhi zitholakala ngaphandle kwamasongo. Kulawa angama-83, angu-13 kuphela anobubanzi obukhudlwana (ngaphezu kwamakhilomitha angama-50).
Izinyanga ezengeziwe zingase zitholakale ngokuhamba kweminyaka. Okunye okusanda kutholwa ngo-2019 kwaba ukwengezwa kwamasathelayithi okungenani angama-20 kulolo hlu. Izinyanga eziningi zeSaturn ziveza izindawo ezihluke kakhulu kulokho esinakho lapha eMhlabeni, nakuba ezinye zingase zisekele uhlobo oluthile lwempilo. Ngezansi, sizokujulisa kancane kwezinye eziphawuleka kakhulu.
I-Titan
I-Titan yinyanga enkulu, eneqhwa ubuso bayo bufihlwe umkhathi owugqinsi, osagolide.. Inkulu kakhulu kunenyanga noma iMercury. Yinyanga yesibili ngobukhulu esimisweni sonozungezilanga ngemva kwezinyanga zeJupiter, ebizwa ngokuthi iGanymede.
Ngaphezu kobukhulu bayo, iphinde iphawuleke ngokuba yiyona kuphela indikimba yasezulwini (ngaphandle koMhlaba) enamanani abalulekile oketshezi oluhlala njalo ebusweni bayo. I-Titan inemifula, amachibi, izilwandle, namafu okuvela kuwo i-methane ne-ethane, okwenza umjikelezo ofana nowamanzi asemhlabeni.
Ezilwandle ezinkulu, kungase kube nezinhlobo zokuphila ezisebenzisa izakhi zamakhemikhali ezihlukene kunalezo esizijwayele. Okwesibili, Ngaphansi kwegobolondo elikhulu leqhwa le-Titan, sithole ikakhulukazi ulwandle lwamanzi olungase futhi lusekele izinto eziphilayo ezincane kakhulu ezifana nalezo eziseMhlabeni.
Enceladus
Isici esihluke kakhulu se-Enceladus ukuthi singathola izinsika ezinkulu zamanzi anosawoti aphuma phakathi kolwandle olungaphansi komhlaba ngaphansi kwegobolondo layo elineqhwa emifantwini.
Lezi zimpaphe zishiya umzila wezinhlayiya ezineqhwa ezikwazile ukufinyelela ku-orbit, zakha enye yamasongo eSaturn. Okunye kuwela phansi njengeqhwa., okwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba le nyanga ibe nendawo emhlophe, ecwebezelayo, noma egqame kakhulu (albedo) kuso sonke isimiso sonozungezilanga.
Kusukela kumasampula alawa ma-plums, kungaphethwa ngokuthi, ngaphezu kokuba khona kwezakhi zamakhemikhali ezidingekayo ekuphileni, kungase kube nezikhala ze-hydrothermal ezifana nalezo ezingaphansi kolwandle eMhlabeni, nazo ezikhafula amanzi ashisayo. Ngakho-ke, I-Enceladus kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi isekele ukuphila.
URhea, uDione noThetis
I-Rhea, i-Dione, ne-Tethys ifana kakhulu ngokwakheka nokubukeka: mancane, ayabanda (zehlela ku-220ºC ezindaweni ezinomthunzi), futhi awanawo umoya (ngaphandle kwe-Rhea), anemizimba ebukeka njengamabhola eqhwa angcolile.
Lezi zinyanga ezintathu zodade zizungeza ngesivinini esifanayo ne-Saturn futhi zihlale zibonisa iSaturn ubuso obufanayo. Abuye agqame kakhulu nakuba kungenjalo njenge-Enceladus. Kukholakala ukuthi zenziwe ngokuyinhloko ngeqhwa lamanzi.
Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, i-Rhea ayinawo umoya: unomkhathi ontekenteke kakhulu omzungezile, ogcwele ama-molecule e-oksijini ne-carbon dioxide (CO2). I-Rhea nayo iyinyanga yesibili ngobukhulu yeSaturn.
Iapetus
U-Iapetus ukleliswe endaweni yesithathu phakathi kwezinyanga zikaSaturn. Ihlukaniswe ngama-hemispheres amabili ahlukene: eyodwa ekhanyayo nenye emnyama, ingenye yezimfihlakalo ezinkulu zesimiso sonozungezilanga. Kuyaphawuleka futhi "nge-equatorial ridge" yayo, enezintaba eziphakeme ezingama-10 km ezizungeze inkabazwe.
Ama-Mimas
Ingaphezulu le-Mimas limbozwe ngama-craters amakhulu. Enkulu kunazo zonke, engamakhilomitha angu-130 ububanzi, ithatha cishe ingxenye yesithathu yobuso obubodwa benyanga, okwenza ibonakale ifana kakhulu ne-Death Star evela ku-Star Wars. Ibuye ibe nobuso obufanayo noSaturn futhi incane kakhulu. (198 km ububanzi). Iseduze ne-Enceladus kune-Enceladus.
UFebe
Ngokungafani nezinyanga eziningi zikaSaturn, uPhoebe uyinyanga efiphele kakhulu ehambisana nesimiso sonozungezilanga sokuqala. Ingenye yezinyanga ezikude kakhulu zeSaturn, cishe amakhilomitha ayizigidi eziyi-13 ukusuka kuSaturn, cishe izikhathi ezine kude kunomakhelwane oseduze, i-Iapetus.
Izungeza iSaturn ibheke kolunye uhlangothi kwezinye izinyanga eziningi (futhi ngokuvamile kwezinye izindikimba esimiso sonozungezilanga). Ngakho-ke, umjikelezo wayo kuthiwa ubuyela emuva.
Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi mangaki amasathelayithi iSaturn nezici zawo.