Umqondo ungabonakala uhlanya, futhi yize bebabiza ngokungazi lutho, baqinisekile ukuthi isayensi nobuchwepheshe kungenza ukupholisa kweplanethi kwenzeke. Akusilo iqembu lendawo labantu, futhi abahlanyi abaqoqe amasiginesha. Sikhuluma ngabathile ababonayo, isayensi entsha ebizwa nge-geoengineering. Leli qembu lonjiniyela lihlehlisa okulandelayo. Isenzo somuntu sifudumeza iplanethi, akunjalo? Hhayi-ke, ake sisebenzise isenzo somuntu ukusipholisa.
Kuyo yonke le mibono, bebephelezelwa ngabahlambalazayo ngomphumela kanye nemiphumela abangaba nayo. Bahlukile kulokho kuyinto eyodwa ukuthi ushintshe isimo sezulu ungahlosile uqulekile futhi enye ukuyiguqula ngamabomu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abavikeli babona ngokusobala ukuthi ukungenelela okusheshayo kudingeka kanjani. Ucwaningo oluningi lukhombisa ukuthi uma isenzo somuntu singapheli, amazinga okushisa azophakama kakhulu. Ngokulandelayo, kunezifundo ezikhomba ukuthi noma ngabe bekuyekwe ngokuphelele ukusebenza kwabantu, ukufudumala, yize kunamandla, kuzoqhubeka. Ukuthola isisombululo ngokushesha, lesi sinyathelo siyazalwa.
Ukwenziwa kwe-geeoengineering
Kuyisayensi yakamuva ebhekene nokwenza lezi zindlela nokuphakamisa izixazululo. Njengoba siphawulile, kunodumo oluzungeza ngalo olungamukelwa kahle ncamashi. Ukuze uthole umbono, ake ucabange ngezinguquko ezimbalwa. Uma indawo ishaywa yisomiso, imifula engagcwali kakhulu, noma amaxhaphozi angenalutho noma omile… Yini engalungile ngokufisa ukuthi lina? Kunezilwandle ezome ngokuphelele. Imiphumela yalezi zimo iyesabeka. Ingabe ikhambi elibi kunalo lonke lalesi sifo? Futhi impikiswano iyavula.
ENyuvesi yaseScotland yase-Edinburgh, u-geoengineer uStephen Salter uhola omunye wemiklamo yokuvelela kakhulu geoengineering. Umqondo ulula kakhulu. Kwethulwa ama-granules omphunga wamanzi anokugxila okuphezulu kasawoti ku-troposphere. Kamuva, imikhumbi emikhulu ye-transatlantic yayizothwala oshimula abakhulu abazoba njengabafafazi bamaconsi amanzi nosawoti anomphunga. Lapho nje sebefinyelele kwi-troposphere, lawa maconsi abe yingxenye yamafu futhi azokhuphula izinga lokuphanjiswa kabusha amagesi asemkhathini. Lokho kungadala ukuthi imisebe yelanga engaphansi ifinyelele eMhlabeni. Ekugcineni, la mathonsi azosebenza njenge-condensation nuclei yamagesi emfu. ukuthanda imvula.
Ngubani owasungula?
Paul Crutzen, Umklomelo kaNobel eKhemistry ngo-1995, ngocwaningo lwakhe ngomphumela we-ozone esemkhathini. Naye ungomunye wososayensi abanikele kakhulu ekuvikeleni imvelo. Yena uqobo uchaze indlela amangqamuzana e-chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) athonya ngayo ukuncipha kocingo lwe-ozone.
Paul Crutzen, ngaphansi kwesisekelo sokuthi futhi umuntu unekhono lokupholisa iplanethi, wabheka ukupholisa okungazelelwe okwenzeka ngemuva kokuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo. Izindlela ezisebenza ngazo zibhekana nemijovo emikhulu yesibabule emkhathini ukudala imiphumela yezintaba-mlilo.
I-Scopex. Iphrojekthi entsha yobunjiniyela yango-2018 olandelayo
Manje ngibheke ngase i-Harvard University ehlonishwayo. Enye yamaphrojekthi alandelayo abafuna ukuwethulela i- Ngonyaka olandelayo, ehlane laseTucson, e-Arizona, zindla ngokoqobo ngomqondo we kuphole iplanethi.
Iphrojekthi yile elandelayo. Amanye amabhaluni omoya ashisayo alayishwe ngamanzi eqhwa e-calcium carbonate ne-sulfur dioxide, angavuka afike kumakhilomitha angama-20 ukuphakama futhi aqale ama-aerosols ngalezi zinto. Uma sebekhululiwe, babanga ukusakazeka kwemisebe yelanga, esebenza njengohlobo lwe-parasol ngokuyeka imisebe yelanga, wakhonza ukupholisa iplanethi. I-Scopex isivivinyo sokuqala sangempela sokuthi iyiphi imbewu yefu. Ngale ndlela, ihlose ukunxephezela ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke ngokupholisa.
Kukhona ukuvumelana ngokushisa komhlaba. Abaxhasi bokwenza i-geoengineering bayazivikela ngokubhekisa kokuthi mhlawumbe abaningi manje abakaqondi okwamanje, kodwa ukuthi ikusasa alinakugwemeka. Futhi ekugcineni wonke umuntu uzomgona bathi.
Impikiswano iyahanjiswa. Ingabe ihambe kakhulu? Ngabe ikhona indlela engavikela ukuphela? Ingabe ayinangozi noma izoba nemiphumela?