Yize zonke izilwandle zomhlaba zingathathwa njengezinye njengoba iplanethi yoMhlaba imbozwe kakhulu ngamanzi, i- i-Pacific Ocean ivela olwandle olukhulu kunawo wonke. Ingenye yezingxenye zeplanethi ezihlala indawo engamakhilomitha ayi-15.000. Ukunwetshwa kwayo kuqala kusuka ku- ulwandle olubhodlayo futhi ifinyelela emanzini aseningizimu ye-Antarctica asevele eyiqhwa. Phakathi kwamanzi alo kuneziqhingi ezingaphezu kwezi-25.000 eziseningizimu ye-equator yoMhlaba. Lokhu kulwenza ulwandle lube nenani elikhulu leziqhingi ukwedlula zonke ezinye izilwandle ezihlanganisiwe.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela zonke izici, imvelaphi, izitshalo nezilwane zoLwandlekazi iPacific.
Umsuka wolwandle iPacific
Kunemibono ethile yesayensi ethi amanzi akhona emhlabeni wethu aqala ukuvela ngenxa yomphumela womsebenzi wentaba-mlilo ngamunye ngamandla ajikelezayo afaka ukufezeka kwendawo yonke. Lokhu kusho ukuthi cishe amaphesenti ayi-10 awo wonke amanzi akhona kule planethi asevele akhona ekuqaleni. Kodwa-ke, yasabalala ngokukha phezulu kuyo yonke insimu.
Lolu lwandle, namanje, ihlala ingenye yezinto ezingaziwa kakhulu emkhakheni we-geology. Enye yemibono esetshenziswa kakhulu ukusayina ukuzalwa kwePacific ukuthi kwenzeka ngenxa yokuhlangana kwamapuleti athile avumela ukuhlangana. Kulokhu kuhlangana kwezitshalo, kwenziwa imbobo ukuze udaka luqine ukuze kwakheke izisekelo zolwandle eziningi kakhulu emhlabeni.
Abukho ubufakazi bokuthi lokhu kwenzekile, kepha kungenye yezinto ezithandwa kakhulu namuhla. Futhi kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ukukwazi ukukhombisa lo mbono kanye nanoma iyiphi enye. Omunye umbono ngemvelaphi yoLwandlekazi iPacific uvela eqenjini labafundi abaphakamise ukuthi lapho kuphakama ipuleti elisha lama-tectonic, likhiqizwa ukuhlangana kwabanye ababili ngephutha. Endabeni yalezi zingcwecwe, iya ezinhlangothini zayo futhi ikhiqize isimo esingazinzile lapho kuvela khona umgwaqo noma imbobo. Kulapha lapho lolu lwandle lungavela khona.
Izici eziyinhloko
Sizogqamisa izici eziyinhloko zoLwandlekazi iPacific. Ngokuya ngendawo, kungumzimba omkhulu wamanzi onezici ezinosawoti ezisukela esifundeni sase-Antarctic ziye enyakatho ye-Arctic. Basabalalisa futhi entshonalanga ye-Australia nase-Asia bafinyelela eningizimu nasenyakatho yezwekazi laseMelika ohlangothini olusempumalanga. Singasho ukuthi imikhawulo yayo isentshonalanga ne-Oceania ne-Asia futhi empumalanga neMelika.
Mayelana nobukhulu bayo, sithe lolu lwandle olukhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni futhi luhambisana nendawo engamakhilomitha-skwele ayizigidi eziyi-161,8, enokujula ibanga eliphakathi kwamamitha angu-4280 namamitha ayi-10 924. Lesi sibalo sokugcina sishintsha njalo njengoba sitholakala kwifayela le- UMariana Trench futhi ukuhambela kwenziwa isikhathi uma kungangena kujule.
Kusukela inomthamo wamakhilomitha-skwele angama-714 839 310, ikuvumela ukuthi uzuze ingcebo enkulu maqondana nokwehluka kwezinto eziphilayo. Imvelo yayo icebile ngokuhlukahluka kwemvelo futhi lokhu kukwenza kubaluleke kakhulu ekulinganisweni kwemvelo komhlaba.
I-Geology nesimo sezulu
Sizohlaziya okuyizici zesakhiwo nokwakheka komhlaba. I-Pacific Ocean yisizinda solwandle esidala kunazo zonke futhi esibanzi kunazo zonke. Kungabhalwa cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingama-200 edlule. Phakathi kwezici ezibaluleke kakhulu zokwakheka kwethambeka lamazwekazi kanye nebhesheni, zilungiselelwe ngenxa yezimo ezahlukahlukene zokwakheka komhlaba ezenzeka ezindaweni eziseduze nemiphetho yamapuleti we-tectonic.
Ishalofu layo lasezwenikazi incane impela kwezinye izifunda zaseNingizimu Melika naseNyakatho Melika, kodwa ibanzi impela e-Australia nase-Asia. Kule ndawo, inqwaba yengcebo imvamisa iqongelelwa kukho kokubili ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo nezinto zokwakheka komhlaba. Ingaphakathi loLwandlekazi iPacific kunentaba yezintaba iMesoceanic enokwandiswa kwamakhilomitha angama-8.700 XNUMX futhi itholakala ukusuka eGulf of California kuya eningizimu ntshonalanga yeNingizimu Melika. Imvamisa inokuphakama okumaphakathi kwamamitha angu-2130 ngaphezu kolwandle.
Ngokuqondene nesimo sezulu, izinga lokushisa lalo lingasethwa ezifundeni ezahlukahlukene zezulu. Ngokuqondile, ichazwa ezifundeni ezinhlanu zezulu. Sinendawo yezindawo ezishisayo, maphakathi nobubanzi, indawo yesiphepho, isifunda semoniyoni kanye nenkabazwe. Umoya wokuhweba ukhula ebangeni eliphakathi nendawo futhi useningizimu nasenyakatho ye-equator. Izinga lokushisa lihlala likhona unyaka wonke futhi liphakathi kwama-5 no-21 degrees.
Izimbali nezilwane zoLwandlekazi iPacific
Kuvame ukukholelwa ukuthi amanzi oLwandlekazi iPacific anohlobo olufanayo nokuzola. Kodwa-ke, noma iyiphi indawo, ngisho ne-pelagic, yehluka kakhulu njenganoma isiphi esinye isimiso semvelo sasemhlabeni. Lapha kuvela imisinga ehlukahlukene yasolwandle, ngakho-ke, izimila ziba umthombo wokudla obaluleke kakhulu wezilwane zasolwandle. Ama-seaweed nama-chlorophytes amaningi. Kukwahlukanisa ulwelwe oluhlaza oluhlanganisa izinhlobo ezifika ku-8200 XNUMX futhi ezibonakala ngokuba ne-chlorophyll a no-b. Kukhona nenani elikhulu lama-algae abomvu abonakala ngamathoni abomvu ngenxa yezingulube ze-phycocyanin ne-phycoerythrin.
Ngokuphathelene nezilwane, ngoba ukunwetshwa kwayo kukhulukazi, kugcina izinkulungwane zezinhlobo, ikakhulukazi izinhlanzi. Lapha iplankton iyisisekelo sakho konke ukudla newebhu yokudla. Iningi lezinhlobo ezakha iplankton zisobala futhi zibonisa imibala ethile lapho zibhekwa ngesibonakhulu. Imibala ivame ukusukela kokubomvu kuya kokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ezinye zazo zine-luminescence kwazise kunezindawo zokujula lapho ilanga lingafinyeleli khona. Ezilwaneni zasolwandle kunezinhlobo zonke ze inhlanzi, oshaka, ama-cetaceans, ama-crustaceans, njll
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngePacific Ocean nezimpawu zayo.