IGeosmin

amagciwane enhlabathi emanzi

Imvelo isinikeza izinto eziningana ezingakholeki futhi ezimnandi ezifana nephunga lemvula. Impela kuyiphunga elikulethela i-nostalgia nomuzwa wokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi liyinto oyithandayo. Ngemuva kwesikhathi eside sesomiso, lapho amaconsi emvula okuqala ewa, ungabona iphunga elimnandi elithumela wonke umoya futhi lisazise ukuthi inkathi yemvula isondele. Kodwa-ke, umphakathi awazi ukuthi iyiphi indlela eyenza umoya uthathe leli phunga. Incazelo yalokhu isenkomponi ebizwa ngokuthi geosmin okuyiwona obangela leli phunga elaziwa ngegama likaphethroli.

Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela konke odinga ukukwazi ngegeosmin, izici zayo nokuthi kungani ikhiqiza iphunga lemvula.

Yini

geosmin

Uma sikhuluma ngophethiloli sibhekisa ephungeni lesimo imvula elivela lapho lina, ikakhulukazi ngemuva kwesikhathi eside sesomiso. Leli phunga elidakisa wonke umkhathi kungenxa yenhlanganisela ebizwa nge-geosmin. IGeosmin iyinhlanganisela ephethe ukufihla izigidi zamagciwane uma imvula iwela phansi.

Okubaluleke kakhulu ekukhiqizeni i-geosmin ngamagciwane I-Streptomyces coelicolor. Kuyaziwa nangokuthi amabhaktheriya ka-Albert. Kanye namanye ama-cyanobacteria kanye nesikhunta esithile esihlala emhlabathini yilawo ayasebenza lapho imvula imanzisa umhlaba. IGeosmin ayitholakali ezinhlayiyeni ezintanta emoyeni ngemuva kokufika kwezimvula. Futhi yinto enikeza iphunga lesici sebhitrudi. Siyazi ukuthi ama-beet anephunga lomhlaba elivelela ngokushesha lapho livulwa.

Enye yezindawo lapho sithola khona i-geosmin kunephunga lamanye amawayini.

Ukuhlakazeka kanye nokusebenza kwe-geosmin

kwakwakhe geosmin

Sizobona ukuthi yiziphi izindlela eziyinhloko zokusebenza i-geosmin enazo nokuthi ziwusabalalisa kanjani umoya. Ngokokuqala ngqa, ososayensi bagxile ekwazini ukuchaza indlela i-geosmin ekwazi ngayo ukusabalalisa emoyeni. Ukuchaza lokhu, iqembu labaphenyi lisebenzise amakhamera anejubane kanye noyinki we-fluorescent. Basebenzise lokhu ukuze bakwazi ukuqopha ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi kwenzekani lapho amaconsi amanzi eba nomthelela enhlabathini egcwele amabhaktheriya ashiwo ngenhla.

Ngemuva kokwenza okuqoshiwe kwatholakala ukuthi, lapho iconsi lamanzi liwa, ubamba amabhamuza womoya amancane awaphulele phansi. Ngokushesha nje lapho ithonsi lamanzi lizinzile, amabhamuza wamanzi akhuphukela phezulu aqhume, abonise amajets amancane afaka izinhlayiya zamanzi emoyeni. Kungashiwo ukuthi kwenzeka into efanayo nalapho kukhishwa igesi esiphuzweni esihlanzekile njenge-champagne noma ubhiya. Lawa magwebu akhuphuka ebhuthini ukuze aqhume emoyeni lapho efika ngaphezulu.

Lapho nje iqhuma, inani elincane lama-aerosols likhishwa emhlabathini elibhekene nokusabalalisa iphunga le-petricor. Inhlayiya ngayinye inesibopho sokuhambisa izinkulungwane zamagciwane akwazi ukusinda kuze kufike ehoreni lomoya. Ngakho-ke, umthengisi kaningi akahlali isikhathi eside kunalesi sikhathi. Lawa mabhaktheriya anesibopho sephunga lomhlaba omusha esiwuqaphelayo lapho lina.

Ukusetshenziswa kwamagciwane e-geosmin

Kunezifundo ezahlukahlukene ezixhumanisa lawa mabhaktheriya nokunye ukusetshenziswa nezinsiza ezinganikezwa. Kokubili ama-geosmin namagciwane akhishwa ngesikhathi sokuna kwemvula, awanabungozi kubantu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyaziwa ukuthi zisetshenziselwa ukuthola uhlu olude lwezidakamizwa phakathi kwazo okungama-antibacterial agents njenge i-tetracycline, i-erythromycin, i-rifampin, noma i-kanamycin; kanye nezinto ezinqanda ukubola njenge-nystatin.

Okunye ukusetshenziswa kocwaningo lwe-geosmin kutholakala ngemuva kolwazi lwezisekelo zamangqamuzana kanye ne-biosynthesis ye-geosmin. Ngokwazi ukuthi le nhlanganisela isebenza kanjani, labo balandeli bewayini elimnandi bangazuza futhi ikakhulukazi abantu abanokuzwela okunikezwayo. Ukuba khona kwe-geosmin kungaba yiphupho langempela kubakhiqizi bewayini, ngoba ukuba khona kwala maphunga kungonakalisa izici zomkhiqizo. Ngenxa yolwazi lwe-biosynthesis yalesi sakhi, kunganikezwa ezinye izeluleko zokuthi unganciphisa noma uqede kanjani ukutholakala kwawo kwamanye amawayini ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi yawo.

Yize kungahle kungabonakali kuhlobene ulwanga lwabenzi bewayini ngokoma kwamakamela kuhlobene ngokuphelele. Ukubaluleka kwalesi sakhi ezingeni lezinto eziphilayo kuyabandakanyeka ekusindeni kwamakamela ezingwadule. IGeosmin yi-molecule eyayiyisiginali yamakamela ukuthi amanzi asondele. Futhi amanye amakamela asogwadule lwaseGobi ayakwazi ukuthola amanzi ngaphezu kwamakhilomitha angama-80. Iqiniso lokuthi amakamela angathola amanzi avela kude kangaka yinto ososayensi abachaze ngayo iminyaka eminingi.

Ngokutholwa kwe-geosmin nezimpawu zayo, kungaba yindlela yezilwane ukusabalalisa izinhlamvu zalezi zinambuzane ukuze zazi lapho kunamanzi khona.

Kubonakala sengathi ehlane, iStreptomyces ikhipha i-geosmin endaweni emanzi, engathathwa ngama-olfactory receptors ngamakamela. Kucatshangwa ukuthi iphunga le-geosmin lingaba yindlela yokwenza izilwane zisakaze izinhlamvu zalezi zinambuzane ezincane. Ngakho-ke, lapho amakamela ephuza amanzi, asabalalisa izinhlamvu nomaphi lapho eya khona esiza ukusakazeka kwawo. Kepha le nhlanganisela ebonakala ingasho lutho, i-geosmin, ingaba yindaba yokuphila nokufa kwamakamela. Uma ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo kwenzeka emvelweni kuzoba kubi kulezi zilwane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi amakamela adonswa iphunga le-geosmin, kepha ezinye izibungu nezinambuzane nazo ziyakwazi ukukhomba ukuphuma kwala mabhaktheriya.

Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi nge-geosmin nezici zayo.


Yiba ngowokuqala ukuphawula

Shiya umbono wakho

Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

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  1. Ubhekele imininingwane: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.