Sekungamakhulu eminyaka abadobi basoLwandle lwaseCantabrian besaba kakhulu inhlokomo. Isimo sabo sokubona okufushane ngaleso sikhathi kanye nemimoya enamandla ehambisana nabo kwabenza babe usongo olukhulu, nemiphumela engathi sína emikhunjini yabo entekenteke ngisho nokuphila kwabo siqu. Ngenhlanhla, isibikezelo sezulu sesithuthukile futhi manje sesingabikezelwa, nakuba lezi kuyizigigaba zasendaweni kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa amamodeli we-mesoscale ukuze ubikezele.
Ngalesi sizathu, sizonikezela lesi sihloko ukuze sikutshele konke okudingeka ukwazi mayelana nesiphepho, izici zayo nemiphumela.
Ukuthi iqhwa liqala kanjani
Okokuqala okumele sikucacise ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zesiphepho njengoba zingabangelwa izimo zezulu ezahlukene. Iziphepho zangaphambili zibangelwa ingaphambili. Njengoba zibonakala kumephu yesimo sezulu, zibonakala zibikezelwa futhi kulula ukuzibikezela. Zingenzeka nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka futhi, nakuba zithinta kakhulu ugu, zifinyelela nangaphakathi.
Ezimweni ezijwayelekile zomoya omkhulu, kuthinta ugu kuphela, into nje yasogwini. Zivamile ehlobo, ikakhulukazi ngezinsuku ezishisayo kakhulu futhi zenzeka ngemva kwasemini. Zingenzeka futhi ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo noma ngisho nasekuqaleni kwekwindla. Isihluthulelo sokwakheka kwayo izinga lokushisa eliqinile kanye ne-pressure gradient phakathi kwempumalanga nentshonalanga yeCantabrian. Indawo enomfutho ophansi enyakatho yenhlonhlo ithanda ukuba khona komoya ofudumele oshintshwa ngokushesha umoya wasolwandle obandayo noswakeme kakhudlwana, okungukuthi, onengxenye esenyakatho-ntshonalanga.
Imimoya enamandla, engahlala cishe ihora, amboze isibhakabhaka ngamafu nenkungu, nokushunguza okuphakathi kuka-50 no-90 km/h, kanye nokuvuvukala okunamandla okunamagagasi angaphezu kwamamitha angu-2, okwenza i-thermometer ilenga.
Esivunguvungwini esijwayelekile, singathola izimo zezulu ezimbili. Enye ibangelwa amaxhaphozi e-barometric, enye imimoya ekhanyayo esempumalanga. Lesi sakamuva sibhekwa njengengozi kakhulu ngenxa yokuthi imimoya yasempumalanga ephikelelayo ingamelana nokubukeka komoya ohelezayo emini, okwenza lesi simo sibe ngesiqubulo.
Ingabe zitholakala oLwandle lwaseCantabrian kuphela?
Ukuba khona kwesithiyo se-topographic parallel futhi eduze nogu, kulokhu izintaba zaseCantabrian, Kubalulekile ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa kwe-gale. Kwezinye izingxenye zomhlaba, izenzakalo zesiphepho ezinezici ezifanayo zokuma kwezwe zenzeka ngendlela efanayo. Umoya we-Pampero e-Argentina uyisibonelo soshintsho oluzumayo ekuqondeni komoya okungaba nemiphumela efanayo. Izimo ezifanayo ziye zabikwa e-Australia noma eCalifornia.
ama-gales abhubhisa kakhulu
Intuthuko ekubikezelweni kwesimo sezulu, izinhlelo zokubona kanye nezinhlelo zokuxwayisa kusenesikhathi ziqinisekisa ukuthi imiphumela yomoya onamandla ayikho namuhla njengoba yayinjalo esikhathini esidlule.
Kuyaziwa ukuthi isiphepho sango-April 20, 1878 sabulala abantu abangaphezu kuka-300, kuhlanganise nabadobi baseCantabria naseBasque Country. Okufa kunakho konke okurekhodiwe. Lokhu kwalandelwa yimibiko yango-August 12, 1912. Imikhumbi engu-15 yacwila futhi abantu abangu-143 balahlekelwa ukuphila kwabo. Kwakuyisiphepho esikhulu esabangela umoya onamandla kuleso senzakalo. Kuthiwa ukuxhumana kwabhuntsha njengoba kwakuhleliwe, futhi nakuba uFinisterre abikelwa ngokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, ukwaziswa akuzange kufinyelele kuyi-Vizcaya Fishermen's Association. Bonke abanye abadobi baseCantabrian baxwayiswa ukuthi bangayi ukudoba ngalolo suku, kodwa abadobi baseBermeo bahamba. Ngakho-ke, iningi labafile lalivela edolobheni laseBiscayan laseBermeo.
Izinga lenhlekelele likhulu kangangokuthi Iqoshwe emlandweni ngezihloko, izincwadi ngisho namadokhumentari.
Izinhlobo ze-gale
Ngaphambili
- Umoya: Ezweni, imimoya enamandla kakhulu ithinta izindawo ezisogwini, nakuba iphinde ikhuphuke phakathi nezwe (emimoyeni evamile evamile, ikhawulelwe ogwini). Ukuphazamiseka kuhambisana nogu, kuthinta izindawo ezisogwini (amamayela angu-20). Uma usuka e-Asturias, isivunguvungu somoya singadlula ku-120 km/h. Uma uqala usuka eCantabria, ukuvunguza ogwini lwaseVizcaya kungafinyelela ku-100 km/h.
- Ukuba namafu: njengoba imimoya yaseningizimu ivunguza, inani nogqinsi lwamafu aphakathi nendawo ukuya phezulu, amafu aphansi (nakuba kungenjalo ngaso sonke isikhathi), kanye ne-cumulus ne-stratocumulus kuyanda lapho umoya ushintsha. Ukubonakala kwamafu e-cumulonimbus anomfutho womoya ovamile noma ophansi kancane nakho kungenzeka, kwehle ngokulingene njengoba le nto isondela, awavamisile ukwehla ngaphansi kuka-1012 mbar ezingeni lolwandle. Zingahlala zimile kukho konke ukuziphendukela kwemvelo.
- Amazinga okushisa: amazinga okushisa ayephakeme ngaphambili, futhi imimoya yaseningizimu ingase ibe nomthelela kulokhu kwanda. Zehla kancane ngaphambi kokuba umoya ushintshe, bese zehla ngokuzumayo futhi ngokushesha njengoba umoya uqhubeka. Amazinga okushisa angehla aze afike ku-14ºC ehlobo.
- Umswakama womoya: umswakama ohlobene womoya ukhuphuka usuka ku-35-45% ngaphambi kwesiphepho kuya ngaphezu kuka-90% ngemva kwesiphepho.
ejwayelekile
- Imimoya: izinhlobo ezimbili zomoya onamandla ziyabonakala, ixhaphozi le-barometric kanye nokujikeleza okubushelelezi kuka-S. Exhaphozini le-barometric, ekuseni nasekuseni kakhulu kupholile, noma umoya waseningizimu awunamandla kakhulu. Ehoreni noma amabili adlule, kungase kube nezikhawu zomoya wengxenye ye-E efudumele ngokuqhathaniswa (ngezinye izikhathi ishintshana nezikhawu zika-S). Kungazelelwe, umoya uyashintsha uya enyakatho-ntshonalanga.
- Amafu: Ukusa okuguqubele nesibhakabhaka esicwathile noma amafu e-cirrus. Inkungu ezingeni lolwandle; ingase futhi ibe nenkungu ekhanyayo emhlabeni.
- Ingcindezi yasemkhathini: ngaphambi, ngesikhathi nangemva kwale nqubo, zingathula ngokuphelele, nakuba zingehla kancane. Cishe njalo noma kufika ku-(1014 ± 1 )mb.
- Amazinga okushisa: ziphakeme noma zivuke ngokushesha ekuseni. Emini, izinga lokushisa selingakwazi kakade ukumaka 27ºC uma kunguJuni, 30ºC uma kunguJulayi noma ngo-Agasti kanye no-29ºC uma kunguSepthemba. Amazinga okushisa enyuke kakhulu ngezikhathi zantambama. Uma sibheka umehluko ongu-8ºC phakathi kwezinga lokushisa lomoya nolwandle, lesi simo sesivele siyisixwayiso. Ukushisa kubangelwa kakhulu umphumela welanga kunokungena kwe-air mass. Ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa akuvamile ukudlula amazinga okushisa akalwa emanzini olwandle. Ngokuvamile, ekugcineni, izinga lokushisa lomoya lifana nelamanzi olwandle.
- Umswakama womoya: umswakama womoya uhlala ngaphezu kwama-50% amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokuba kufike umoya onamandla. Emoyeni onamandla, ingafinyelela ku-90%.
Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana ne-galena nezici zayo.