ama-fjords

izindawo zaseNorway

Uhlobo lokwakheka kwe-geological esingaluthola kuyo yonke iplanethi yi- fjords. Ziyizici zejografi ezimise okwe-U futhi ezingatholakala ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene emhlabeni njenge-Alaska, ugu lwase-Iceland noma eChile. Ukwakheka kwayo kungenxa yezinqubo ezihlukahlukene ze-geological. Zibaluleke kakhulu ocwaningweni lwe-landscape modelling.

Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela konke okudingeka ukwazi mayelana nama-fjords, izici zawo nokubaluleka kwawo.

ayini ama-fjords

izinhlobo ze-fjords

AmaFjord ayizigodi eziqoshwe ukuguguleka kweqhwa, kamuva ezihlaselwa futhi zikhukhulwe ngamanzi olwandle. Ngenxa yalokho, ama-fjord atholakala ogwini lwezinye izindawo ezingaphezu kwama-degree angu-40. i-latitude engxenyeni eseningizimu nenkabazwe kanye namadigri angama-50 e-latitude enyakatho nenkabazwe.

Ama-fjords akhiwa ngenxa yolimi lweqhwa obekumodela indawo ngenxa yokuthi amanzi angaphansi kwezinga lokushisa adale imifantu emikhulu emadwaleni, ngakho lesi sici sendawo ngokuvamile sinokujula okukhulu, okungaphezulu ngisho nangaphezu kwamanzi olwandle awacwilisa. yona, 1.300 amamitha.

Mayelana ne-etymology, igama elithi fjord livela egameni elithi “fjord” (fjǫrðr), igama lesiScandinavia elisho ukuthi “ungadlulela phambili uzungeze indawo”, ngoba kumaViking lezi zichweba zazixhumanisa ulwandle namadolobha azo futhi ziwavumela ukuba ahambe. baze bathole izindawo ezintsha.

Akhiwa kanjani ama-fjords?

fjords

Kwakhiwe izigidigidi zeminyaka edlule, I-fjord yasinda ezikhathini ezimbalwa zeqhwa, futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi izilimi zeqhwa ziye zalolonga indawo njengoba siyayazi namuhla. Ama-Fjords akha lapho izinguzunga zeqhwa zisika izihosha ngaphansi kwezinga lolwandle bese zihlehla futhi, zikhipha izinsalela zenhlabathi ezivamise ukufihla ukujula kwangempela kwe-fjord. Ngaleso sikhathi, i-fjord yakhiwa lapho amazinga olwandle ephansi kakhulu kunanamuhla. Lapho iqhwa lincibilika, amanzi olwandle akhuphuka ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-100, okwenza isigodi seqhwa esimise okuka-U sigcwale.

Ngakho-ke, kuma-fjords lapho sithola khona umlomo womfula i-Scoresby Sund: akunakwenzeka ukuthola izilwane zasolwandle lapho usawoti ongaphezulu uphansi, kuyilapho izindawo eziphansi kakhulu ziyikhaya lezilwane ezinjengezinhlanzi ze-pelagic.

Kwezinye izimo, ama-fjords awanawo amanzi anosawoti. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukunqwabelana kwenhlabathi efakwe ulimi lweqhwa kuvimbe ngempumelelo indlela eya emanzini olwandle.

Iyiphi i-fjord enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni?

i-geirangerfjord

Manje njengoba usuwazi ukuthi ayini ama-fjords nokuthi akhiwa kanjani, sekuyisikhathi sokukhuluma ngezibonelo ezithile ezizokusiza uqonde lolu hlobo lwendawo. Uma sikhuluma ngama-fjords, ungase ucabange ngokushesha ngeNorway. Empeleni, Ugu lwayo olusentshonalanga luyikhaya lama-fjords angaphezu kuka-1.000. Kulapha, ezweni laseScandinavia, lapho singathola khona elide kunawo wonke eNorway kanye nelesibili ngobukhulu emhlabeni, iSognefjord noma iSognefjord.

Izindawo zokuhlala e- Sogn og Fjordane Le fjord ingamakhilomitha angama-204 ubude namamitha ayi-1300 ngaphansi kwezinga lolwandle. Khumbula, kulokhu bekumele sengeze isiqongo esingamamitha angama-800, okuzothatha umoya wakho ukubukwa okuhle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Sognefjord inengalo, i-Nærøyfjord, ebiyiNdawo Yamagugu Omhlaba ye-UNESCO kusukela ngo-2005.

I-fjord ende kunazo zonke emhlabeni yi-Scoresbysson Fjord e-Greenland, engamakhilomitha angu-354 ubude namamitha angaphezu kuka-1.500 ukushona. Ngaphezu kokuba i-fjord enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, ibonakala ngeziqhingi zayo eziningi, kanye nokuhlaliswa kwabantu ngendlela yamadolobhana amancane.

Lena yindaba ye-Ittoqqortoormiit ecishe ingaziwa, idolobha elisemlonyeni we-fjord elinezindlu ezimbalwa ezimibalabala ezilenza libukeke lilihle ngempela. Nakuba leli dolobha lizinikele ekuzingeleni imikhomo nezinye izilwane zasolwandle, okwamanje liyazisekela ngenxa yezokuvakasha, nakuba ukufinyelela kunzima ngezinye izikhathi.

Mayelana nokujula, i-fjord enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni ise-Antarctica. I-Sheldon Bay igama le-fjord etholakala endaweni, okungamamitha angu-1933 ngaphansi kwezinga lolwandle.

Nakuba sikhulume ngama-fjords ambalwa kuphela, maningi kuwo womabili ama-hemispheres asenyakatho naseningizimu. Ngakho ungawathola eNorway, eChile, Greenland, Scotland, New Zealand, Newfoundland, British Columbia, Alaska, Iceland naseRussia.

Izici eziyinhloko

Izici eziyinhloko ze-fjord yilezi ezilandelayo:

  • Ajulile kakhulu futhi aveze idwala eliphansi.
  • Atholakala ezindaweni ezimbozwe izinguzunga zeqhwa.
  • Zinolwelwe oluwumngcingo olukwazi ukukala amakhilomitha amaningana.
  • Umlomo wayo unoxhaxha lwezingalo ezibizwa ngamagatsha.
  • Banezindawo ezinemithambeka nemihosha phakathi kolwandle neziqongo zezintaba.
  • Indawo yayo iyathandeka kakhulu, okwenza igxile kwezokuvakasha.
  • Zimise okwetheku elizungezwe izintaba eziwumqansa.
  • Ezinye zingaba ngaphezu kwamakhilomitha angama-350 ubude namamitha ayi-1.500 ukushona.
  • Izinga lamanzi ekuvuleni ngokuvamile liphansi kunalo lonke i-fjord.

Ama-fjord amakhulu kuwo wonke amazwekazi

Europa

  • amafjords aseNorway: Ziyindawo eheha izivakashi kakhulu esifundeni futhi zingachazwa njengezinguzunga zeqhwa ezintabeni.
  • I-Oslo Fjord: Itholakala eSkagerrak Strait eningizimu-mpumalanga yeNorway. Ingamakhilomitha angaba ngu-150 ubude futhi isuka e-Torbjornskjaer lighthouse iya e-Faerder lighthouse, enyakatho iye e-Oslo naseningizimu iye eLangesund.
  • I-Sognefjord noma i-Sognefjord: Iyifjord ende kunazo zonke ezweni futhi ingeyesibili ngobukhulu emhlabeni. Iphansi layo lifinyelela kumamitha angu-1308 ngaphansi kwezinga lolwandle, eduze nomlomo womfula, ukujula kuyashelela, bese kuthi phansi kukhuphuke ngokuzumayo kube ngamamitha angu-100 ngaphansi kwezinga lolwandle.
  • ULysejford Fjord: Itholakala eForsand, eNorway futhi isuselwa ematsheni egwadle abonakala nhlangothi zombili. Yazalwa ngenxa yeqhwa ngesikhathi se-Ice Age.

United States

  • I-College Fjord: Itholakala engxenyeni esenyakatho ye-Prince William Sound, e-Alaska, e-USA. Iqukethe izinguzunga zeqhwa ezingu-5, izinguzunga zeqhwa ezingu-5 ze-Grand Canyon, kanye nezinguzunga zeqhwa ezincane. Kwatholakala ngesikhathi sohambo luka-Harriman ngo-1899.
  • Nassau Sound: indawo yokungena engamamayela amane ubude e-Alaska, ikhaya le-Chenega Tidal Glacier edumile. Ngenxa yobuningi bomsebenzi weqhwa kule fjord, iyindawo edumile yabagibeli abaningi be-kayaker kanye nabagibeli bezikebhe.
  • I-Quintupeu Fjord: Itholakala esifundeni saseLos Lagos eningizimu yeChile. Endaweni kuvamile ukuthola amakoloni amabhubesi olwandle kanye nezinyoni zaseningizimu ezivamile ePatagonia.
  • Impendulo esuka ku Gros Morne: Itholakala ogwini olusentshonalanga yeNewfoundland, eCanada. Ngo-1987, iMogao Caves yafakwa ohlwini lwe-UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Asia

  • kusuka e-oman: Itholakala ku-Strait of Hormuz futhi inezindawo eziningi ezinhle, ezigcwele izintaba ezakhiwe lapho i-fjord ihlangana nolwandle.

Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nama-fjords nezici zawo.


Amazwana, shiya okwakho

Shiya umbono wakho

Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

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  1. Ubhekele imininingwane: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.

  1.   Cesar kusho

    Iplanethi yethu enhle eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka iveza izingozi ezinhle zezwe njengalena (ama-fjords) Ngicabanga ukuthi uMama weMvelo uhlala esimangaza futhi ecabangela ukuthi usaveza ubuhle obuzotholwa.